C++/Php/Python 语言执行shell命令

编程中经常需要在程序中使用shell命令来简化程序，这里记录一下。

1. C++ 执行shell命令

 #include <iostream>
 #include <string>
 #include <stdio.h>

 int exec_cmd(std::string cmd, std::string &res){
     if (cmd.size() == ){   //cmd is empty
         return -;
     }

     char buffer[] = {};
     std::string result = "";
     FILE *pin = popen(cmd.c_str(), "r");
     if (!pin) { //popen failed
         return -;
     }

     res.clear();
     while(!feof(pin)){
         if(fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), pin) != NULL){
             result += buffer;
         }
     }

     res = result;
     return pclose(pin); //-1:pclose failed; else shell ret
 }

 int main(){
     std::string cmd = "ls -ial";
     std::string res;

     std::cout << "ret = " << exec_cmd(cmd, res) << std::endl;
     std::cout << res << std::endl;

     return ;
 }

2. Php执行shell命令

 <?php
     $cmd = "wc -l ./test.php";
     exec($cmd, $output, $code);

     echo $code."\n";
     print_r($output);
 ?>

3. Python执行shell命令

 import commands

 status, output = commands.getstatusoutput('ls -lt')

 print status
 print output