12c debug 转 12C 连接CDB和PDB

来源：David Dai -- Focus on Oracle

连接到CDB

12c debug

和普通实例一样的连接。 指定ORACLE_SID 以后可以使用OS认证，也可以使用密码进行连接。

[oracle@Ora12c /]$ echo $ORACLE_SID

cndba

[oracle@Ora12c /]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production onMon Apr 28 11:33:43 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise EditionRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, AdvancedAnalytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> conn system/oracle

Connected.

SQL>

--查看CDB中可用的service：

SQL> COLUMN name FORMAT A30

SQL> SELECT name,pdb

2 FROM   v$services

3  ORDER BY name;

NAME                           PDB

------------------------------------------------------------

SYS$BACKGROUND                 CDB$ROOT

SYS$USERS                      CDB$ROOT

cndba                          CDB$ROOT

cndbaXDB                       CDB$ROOT

pcndba2                        PCNDBA2

pdbcndba                       PDBCNDBA

6 rows selected.

--通过lsnrctl 也可以判断：

[oracle@Ora12c /]$ lsnrctl service

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 -Production on 28-APR-2014 11:35:31

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "cndba" has 1instance(s).

Instance "cndba", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...

Handler(s):

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

LOCAL SERVER

Service "cndbaXDB" has 1instance(s).

Instance "cndba", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...

Handler(s):

"D000" established:0 refused:0 current:0 max:1022 state:ready

DISPATCHER <machine: Ora12c, pid: 10085>

(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=Ora12c)(PORT=14696))

Service "pcndba2" has 1instance(s).

Instance "cndba", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...

Handler(s):

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

LOCAL SERVER

Service "pdbcndba" has 1instance(s).

Instance "cndba", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for thisservice...

Handler(s):

"DEDICATED" established:0 refused:0 state:ready

LOCAL SERVER

The command completed successfully

[oracle@Ora12c /]$

通过这些service，就可以远程连接CDB。

--EZCONNECT

C:\Users\Dave>sqlplussystem/oracle@192.168.1.10:1521/cndba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 4月 30 11:36:48 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

连接到:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise EditionRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, AdvancedAnalytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

--通过TNSNAMES.ORA连接：

在tnsnames.ora 中配置如下：

cndba =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.10)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = cndba)

)

)

--连接：

C:\Users\Dave>sqlplussystem/oracle@cndba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 4月 30 11:40:01 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

连接到:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise EditionRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, AdvancedAnalytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

2.

登录到Oracle database 12c多租户数据库中,第一个要确定的事情---我当前连对数据库

时间：2017-03-19 07:06:36

背景:
Oracle database 12c多租户出现之后,Oracle数据库第一次出现了类似于"多库结构"的概念.
多库结构的意思是在一个数据库服务下有多个数据库在运行.
IBM DB2,SAP Sybase ASE,MS SQLServer,MySQL,PostgreSQL均是多库结构.

既然是一个数据库服务下有多个数据库,那么就存在错误连接到不是自己想登陆的数据库下的可能性.
因此,登陆到Oracle数据库12c之后,第一个需要确认的是自己当前登陆的是哪个数据库.

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus system/aaaaaa@highgo1

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期六 3月 18 22:21:24 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

连接到:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> show con_name     ---------->>>>第一种:由于这是11gR2的client,因此无法识别con_name
concat "." (hex 2e)
SP2-0158: 未知的 SHOW 选项 "_name"
SQL> select sys_context('Userenv','Con_Name') "Container DB" from dual;

Container DB
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HIGHGO1

SQL>--------------->>>>第二种就是如上的sql语句

如上两种摘自:
Oracle Multitenant Option - 12c : Frequently Asked Questions (文档 ID 1511619.1)

如下SQL经过我测试,也是可以的,可以作为第三种方法

SQL> select sys_context('Userenv','db_name') from dual;

SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','DB_NAME')
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HIGHGO1

SQL>

3.  在不同Container database中切换

在12c的架构中，因为有CDB和 PDB的存在，所以会有很多不同的container，所以在连接到不同的container时，就需要进行切换。

--查看当前的container：

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME

------------------------------

CDB$ROOT

SQL> SELECT SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CON_NAME') FROM   dual;

SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CON_NAME')

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CDB$ROOT

SQL> set lin 140

SQL> select con_id, dbid,guid, name , open_mode from v$pdbs;

CON_ID       DBID GUID                             NAME       OPEN_MODE

---------- ------------------------------------------ ---------- ----------

2 4088301206 F7C1E3C96BBF0585E0430A01A8C05459 PDB$SEED   READ ONLY

3  426143573F7C209EB1DFC0854E0430A01A8C0B787 PDBCNDBA   READ WRITE

4 1231796139 F812DE1B6A8F363AE0430A01A8C0C759 PCNDBA2    READ WRITE

--切换container：

SQL> alter session setcontainer=pcndba2;

Session altered.

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME

------------------------------

PCNDBA2

3  连接到PDB

--EZCONNECT:

C:\Users\Dave>sqlplussystem/oracle@192.168.1.10:1521/pcndba2

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 4月 30 11:54:30 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

连接到:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise EditionRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, AdvancedAnalytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

--TNSNAMES.ora

在tnsnames.ora 中添加如下内容：

pcndba =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.1.10)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = pcndba2)

)

)

C:\Users\Dave>sqlplussystem/oracle@pcndba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期三 4月 30 11:55:50 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

连接到:

Oracle Database 12c Enterprise EditionRelease 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, AdvancedAnalytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>