sys系统用户长时间未登录导致密码过期

ORA-28001: the password has expired (DBD ERROR: OCISessionBegin)

问题描述：当登陆em时使用sys帐号登陆进去后，数据库实例提示ORA-28001: the password has expired (DBD ERROR: OCISessionBegin)

解决办法如下：

1. SQL> select username,account_status from dba_users;
2. USERNAME             ACCOUNT_STATUS
3. -------------------- --------------------
4. MGMT_VIEW            OPEN
5. SYS                  OPEN
6. SYSTEM               OPEN
7. DBSNMP               EXPIRED
8. SYSMAN               EXPIRED
9. OUTLN                EXPIRED & LOCKED
10. FLOWS_FILES          EXPIRED & LOCKED
11. MDSYS                EXPIRED & LOCKED
12. ORDSYS               EXPIRED & LOCKED
13. EXFSYS               EXPIRED & LOCKED
14. WMSYS                EXPIRED & LOCKED
15. APPQOSSYS            EXPIRED & LOCKED
16. APEX_030200          EXPIRED & LOCKED
17. OWBSYS_AUDIT         EXPIRED & LOCKED
18. ORDDATA              EXPIRED & LOCKED
19. CTXSYS               EXPIRED & LOCKED
20. ANONYMOUS            EXPIRED & LOCKED
21. XDB                  EXPIRED & LOCKED
22. ORDPLUGINS           EXPIRED & LOCKED
23. OWBSYS               EXPIRED & LOCKED
24. SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA   EXPIRED & LOCKED
25. OLAPSYS              EXPIRED & LOCKED
26. SCOTT                EXPIRED & LOCKED
27. ORACLE_OCM           EXPIRED & LOCKED
28. XS$NULL              EXPIRED & LOCKED
29. BI                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
30. PM                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
31. MDDATA               EXPIRED & LOCKED
32. IX                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
33. SH                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
34. DIP                  EXPIRED & LOCKED
35. OE                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
36. APEX_PUBLIC_USER     EXPIRED & LOCKED
37. HR                   EXPIRED & LOCKED
38. SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_US EXPIRED & LOCKED
39. R
40. SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_US EXPIRED & LOCKED
41. R
42. 已选择36行。

修改sysman密码

1. alter user sysman identified by [passwd]
2. alter user sysman account unlocked;

oracle 默认的profile的password有效期是180天，之后会过期。

1. SQL> select profile,resource_name,limit from dba_profiles where profile like 'DEFAULT';
2. PROFILE              RESOURCE_NAME                  LIMIT
3. -------------------- ------------------------------ --------------------
4. DEFAULT              COMPOSITE_LIMIT                UNLIMITED
5. DEFAULT              SESSIONS_PER_USER              UNLIMITED
6. DEFAULT              CPU_PER_SESSION                UNLIMITED
7. DEFAULT              CPU_PER_CALL                   UNLIMITED
8. DEFAULT              LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION      UNLIMITED
9. DEFAULT              LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL         UNLIMITED
10. DEFAULT              IDLE_TIME                      UNLIMITED
11. DEFAULT              CONNECT_TIME                   UNLIMITED
12. DEFAULT              PRIVATE_SGA                    UNLIMITED
13. DEFAULT              FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS          10
14. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME             180
15. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME            UNLIMITED
16. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX             UNLIMITED
17. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION       NULL
18. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME             1
19. DEFAULT              PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME            7

实验环境可以改为无限制日期的。

1. alter profile default limit password_life_time unlimited;

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