RHEL本地yum源

一、挂载本地镜像做yum源（环境：RHEL6.5 64位 VM11）

1、进入/etc/yum.repos.d目录，

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
packagekit-media.repo      rhel-source.repo

备份文件：

# cp rhel-source.repo rhel-source.repo.bak
# cp packagekit-media.repo packagekit-media.repo.bak

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
   packagekit-media.repo rhel-source.repo
   packagekit-media.repo.bak rhel-source.repo.bak

修改.repo文件，

# vim rhel-source.repo

在末尾加上如下内容（这里注意：不要添加中文注释，否则会报错）：

  [Server]
 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server
 baseurl=file:///mnt/dcrom  #本地iso的挂载路径
 enabled=            #可以使用yum
 gpgcheck=      #设置不检查gpgkey
 gpgkey=file:///mnt/dcrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-RedHat-release  # 配置gpgkey的路径

2、修改yumRepo.py配置文件

方法一：直接修改文件

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd /usr/lib/python2./site-packages/yum
[root@localhost yum]# vim yumRepo.py

找到第802行，修改代码

 802            # remote = url + '/' + relative          #原代码
 803             remote = "/mnt/dcrom" + '/' + relative

方法二：执行命令

# sed -i "s#remote = url +'/' + relative#remote = '/mnt/dcrom' + '/' + relative#g" /usr/lib/python2./site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py

3、在VM设置中添加镜像文件并挂载

在终端中进行如下操作：

# mkdir /mnt/dcrom
# mount /dev/cdrom1 /mnt/dcrom/   

4、导入导入rpm的签名信息并清除缓存

# rpm --import /mnt/dcrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

#yum clean all

5、测试yum(系统默认没有安装ftp):

[root@localhost yum]# yum list | grep vsftpd
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
vsftpd.x86_64                          2.2.-.el6_4.                   @Server
[root@localhost yum]# yum install vsftpd

6、可能遇到的错误及解决方法：

错误一：进程锁定，不能清除缓存

# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid: another copy is running as pid .
Another app is currently holding the yum lock; waiting for it to exit...
  The other application is: PackageKit
    Memory :   M RSS ( MB VSZ)
    Started: Sat Nov  ::  - : ago
    State  : Sleeping, pid: 

解决方法：

# kill - 2267
# yum clean all

错误二：yum损坏

# yum clean
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/yum", line , in <module>
    import yum
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.py", line , in <module>
    import rpmsack
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line , in <module>
    import yum.depsolve
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line , in <module>
    from transactioninfo import TransactionMember
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/transactioninfo.py", line , in <module>
    from sqlitesack import YumAvailablePackageSqlite
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/sqlitesack.py", line , in <module>
    import yumRepo
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line
    compressed_fv ] repo.cachedir + '/' + fname
                  ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

# yum
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/yum", line , in <module>
import yum
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/__init__.py", line , in <module>
import rpmsack
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/rpmsack.py", line , in <module>
import yum.depsolve
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/depsolve.py", line , in <module>
from transactioninfo import TransactionMember
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/transactioninfo.py", line , in <module>
from sqlitesack import YumAvailablePackageSqlite
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/sqlitesack.py", line , in <module>
import yumRepo
File "/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/yum/yumRepo.py", line
compressed_fv ] repo.cachedir + '/' + fname
^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

解决方法：卸载yum,并重新安装

# rpm -qa|grep yum          #查询yum有关的包
# rpm -e yum-utils          #类似用"rpm -e 包的名字"方式卸载

然后通过挂载的镜像文件找到对应的包，"# rpm -ivh 包的名字“安装即可

错误三：字符集错误

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe4 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)

解决方法：

#yum clean all
#rm -f /var/lib/rpm/__db*
#rpm --rebuilddb
#yum update
# vim /etc/yum.conf
找到下面一行：
plugins=             #替换为plugins=

错误四：yum不能用了

# rpm -qa|grep yum
rpmdb: /var/lib/rpm/__db.: 没有那个文件或目录
error: db3 error() from dbenv->open: 没有那个文件或目录
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 - 没有那个文件或目录 ()
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
rpmdb: /var/lib/rpm/__db.: 没有那个文件或目录
error: db3 error() from dbenv->open: 没有那个文件或目录
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
[root@bogon Packages]# rpm -e yum
rpmdb: /var/lib/rpm/__db.: 没有那个文件或目录
error: db3 error() from dbenv->open: 没有那个文件或目录
error: cannot open Packages index using db3 - 没有那个文件或目录 ()
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
rpmdb: /var/lib/rpm/__db.: 没有那个文件或目录
error: db3 error() from dbenv->open: 没有那个文件或目录
error: cannot open Packages database in /var/lib/rpm
error: package yum is not installed

解决方法：

执行以下命令即可搞定：
rm -rf /var/lib/rpm/__db*

7、参考网址：

http://www.2cto.com/os/201309/244278.html

http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-4112642-1-1.html

CentOS7下配置本地yum源

修改自网址：http://my.oschina.net/jast90/blog/292726#OSC_h2_4

系统：CentOS7 everything

1、挂载光盘

# mkdir /mnt/data
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/data/

2、创建本地仓库

# mkdir -p /yumrepo/local
# cp -rvf /mnt/data/Packages /yumrepo/local/

3、安装createrepo

# rpm -ivh createrepo-0.9.9-23.el7.noarch.rpm         #在镜像文件Packages目录下

4、创建repo文件

# cd etc/yum.repos.d/
# vi myrepo.repo

添加内容如下：

[myrepo]
name=This is my repo
enabled=
gpgcheck=
baseurl=file:///mnt/data

5、假如yum group到刚刚创建的本地仓库

# createrepo -g /mnt/data/repodata/2bc0054a9f0f4cd3d2806d983edbe3d0dfc484d9f275d12be79eb67a040ba942-c7-x86_64-comps.xml /srv/my/repo/

6、测试grouplist

# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.pubyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.pubyun.com
 * updates: mirror.neu.edu.cn
Available environment groups:
   Minimal Install
   Compute Node
   Infrastructure Server
   File and Print Server
   Basic Web Server
   Virtualization Host
   Server with GUI
   GNOME Desktop
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   Development and Creative Workstation
Available Groups:
   Compatibility Libraries
   Console Internet Tools
   Development Tools
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   Smart Card Support
   System Administration Tools
   System Management
Done