NEON在Android中的使用举例【转】
转自:http://blog.csdn.net/fengbingchun/article/details/37766607
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,未经博主允许不得转载。
1、 打开Eclipse,File-->New-->AndroidApplication Project-->Application Name:Hello-Neon, Project Name: Hello-Neon,Package Name:com.hello_neon.Android, Minimum Required SDK:API 9:Android 2.3(Gingerbread),Next-->去掉Create custom launcher icon的勾选,Next-->Next-->ActivityName:Hello_NeonProjectActivity,Finish.
2、 打开Hello-Neon工程下的src-->com.hello_neon.android-->Hello_NeonProjectActivity.Java,将其内容改为:
- package com.hello_neon.android;
 - import android.os.Bundle;
 - import android.app.Activity;
 - import android.widget.TextView;
 - public class Hello_NeonProjectActivity extends Activity {
 - /** Called when the activity is first created. */
 - @Override
 - public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
 - {
 - super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
 - /* Create a TextView and set its content.
 - * the text is retrieved by calling a native function.
 - */
 - TextView tv = new TextView(this);
 - tv.setText( stringFromJNI() );
 - setContentView(tv);
 - }
 - /* A native method that is implemented by the
 - * 'helloneon' native library, which is packaged with this application.
 - */
 - public native String stringFromJNI();
 - /* this is used to load the 'helloneon' library on application
 - * startup. The library has already been unpacked into
 - * /data/data/com.example.neon/lib/libhelloneon.so at
 - * installation time by the package manager.
 - */
 - static {
 - System.loadLibrary("helloneon");
 - }
 - }
 
3、 保存Hello_NeonProjectActivity.java文件,打开命令行窗口,将其定位到\bin\classes目录下,输入命令:javah –classpath D:\ProgramFiles\Android\android-sdk\platforms\android-9\android.jar;com.hello_neon.android.Hello_NeonProjectActivity ,会在\bin\classes目录下生成com_hello_neon_android_Hello_NeonProjectActivity.h文件(说明:*.jar也可以是其它版本);
4、 选中Hello-Neon工程,点击右键-->New-->Folder新建一个jni文件夹,在此文件夹下添加Android.mk、Application.mk、helloneon.c、helloneon-intrinsics.c、helloneon-intrinsics.h五个文件,其中内容分别为:
Android.mk:
- LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
 - include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 - LOCAL_MODULE := helloneon
 - #填写要编译的源文件路径
 - LOCAL_SRC_FILES := helloneon.c helloneon-intrinsics.c
 - #默认包含的头文件路径
 - LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := \
 - $(LOCAL_PATH) \
 - $(LOCAL_PATH)/..
 - #-g 后面的一系列项目添加了才能使用arm_neon-h头文件, -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon 使用arm_neon.h必须
 - LOCAL_CFLAGS := -g -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -march=armv7-a -mtune=cortex-a8
 - LOCAL_LDLIBS := -lz -llog
 - TARGET_ARCH_ABI := armeabi-v7a
 - LOCAL_ARM_MODE := arm
 - ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH_ABI),armeabi-v7a)
 - #采用NEON优化技术
 - LOCAL_ARM_NEON := true
 - #LOCAL_CFLAGS := -DHAVE_NEON=1
 - endif
 - LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := cpufeatures
 - #生成动态调用库
 - include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 - $(call import-module,cpufeatures)
 
Application.mk:
- APP_PROJECT_PATH := $(call my-dir)/..
 - APP_PLATFORM := android-10
 - #choose which library to compile against in your Makefile
 - APP_STL := stlport_static
 - #APP_ABI这句指定了编译的目标平台类型,可以针对不同平台进行优化,x86 or armeabi-v7a
 - # Build both ARMv5TE and ARMv7-A machine code.
 - APP_ABI := armeabi armeabi-v7a
 - APP_CPPFLAGS += -fexceptions
 - #for using c++ features,you need to enable these in your Makefile
 - APP_CPP_FEATURES += exceptions rtti
 
helloneon.c:
- #include <jni.h>
 - #include <time.h>
 - #include <stdio.h>
 - #include <stdlib.h>
 - #include <cpu-features.h>
 - #include "helloneon-intrinsics.h"
 - #define DEBUG 0
 - #define HAVE_NEON
 - #if DEBUG
 - #include <android/log.h>
 - # define D(x...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,"helloneon",x)
 - #else
 - # define D(...) do {} while (0)
 - #endif
 - /* return current time in milliseconds */
 - static double
 - now_ms(void)
 - {
 - struct timespec res;
 - clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &res);
 - return 1000.0*res.tv_sec + (double)res.tv_nsec/1e6;
 - }
 - /* this is a FIR filter implemented in C */
 - static void
 - fir_filter_c(short *output, const short* input, const short* kernel, int width, int kernelSize)
 - {
 - int offset = -kernelSize/2;
 - int nn;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < width; nn++) {
 - int sum = 0;
 - int mm;
 - for (mm = 0; mm < kernelSize; mm++) {
 - sum += kernel[mm]*input[nn+offset+mm];
 - }
 - output[nn] = (short)((sum + 0x8000) >> 16);
 - }
 - }
 - #define FIR_KERNEL_SIZE 32
 - #define FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE 2560
 - #define FIR_INPUT_SIZE (FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE + FIR_KERNEL_SIZE)
 - #define FIR_ITERATIONS 600
 - static const short fir_kernel[FIR_KERNEL_SIZE] = {
 - 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x70, 0x8c, 0xa2, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xe9, 0xce, 0xa2, 0x8c, 070, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10,
 - 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x70, 0x8c, 0xa2, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xe9, 0xce, 0xa2, 0x8c, 070, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10 };
 - static short fir_output[FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE];
 - static short fir_input_0[FIR_INPUT_SIZE];
 - static const short* fir_input = fir_input_0 + (FIR_KERNEL_SIZE/2);
 - static short fir_output_expected[FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE];
 - /* This is a trivial JNI example where we use a native method
 - * to return a new VM String. See the corresponding Java source
 - * file located at:
 - *
 - * apps/samples/hello-neon/project/src/com/example/neon/HelloNeon.java
 - */
 - JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_hello_1neon_android_Hello_1NeonProjectActivity_stringFromJNI(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
 - {
 - char* str;
 - uint64_t features;
 - char buffer[512];
 - char tryNeon = 0;
 - double t0, t1, time_c, time_neon;
 - /* setup FIR input - whatever */
 - {
 - int nn;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < FIR_INPUT_SIZE; nn++) {
 - fir_input_0[nn] = (5*nn) & 255;
 - }
 - fir_filter_c(fir_output_expected, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - /* Benchmark small FIR filter loop - C version */
 - t0 = now_ms();
 - {
 - int count = FIR_ITERATIONS;
 - for (; count > 0; count--) {
 - fir_filter_c(fir_output, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - }
 - t1 = now_ms();
 - time_c = t1 - t0;
 - asprintf(&str, "FIR Filter benchmark:\nC version : %g ms\n", time_c);
 - strlcpy(buffer, str, sizeof buffer);
 - free(str);
 - strlcat(buffer, "Neon version : ", sizeof buffer);
 - if (android_getCpuFamily() != ANDROID_CPU_FAMILY_ARM) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "Not an ARM CPU !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - features = android_getCpuFeatures();
 - if ((features & ANDROID_CPU_ARM_FEATURE_ARMv7) == 0) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "Not an ARMv7 CPU !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - /* HAVE_NEON is defined in Android.mk ! */
 - #ifdef HAVE_NEON
 - if ((features & ANDROID_CPU_ARM_FEATURE_NEON) == 0) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "CPU doesn't support NEON !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - /* Benchmark small FIR filter loop - Neon version */
 - t0 = now_ms();
 - {
 - int count = FIR_ITERATIONS;
 - for (; count > 0; count--) {
 - fir_filter_neon_intrinsics(fir_output, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - }
 - t1 = now_ms();
 - time_neon = t1 - t0;
 - asprintf(&str, "%g ms (x%g faster)\n", time_neon, time_c / (time_neon < 1e-6 ? 1. : time_neon));
 - strlcat(buffer, str, sizeof buffer);
 - free(str);
 - /* check the result, just in case */
 - {
 - int nn, fails = 0;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE; nn++) {
 - if (fir_output[nn] != fir_output_expected[nn]) {
 - if (++fails < 16)
 - D("neon[%d] = %d expected %d", nn, fir_output[nn], fir_output_expected[nn]);
 - }
 - }
 - D("%d fails\n", fails);
 - }
 - #else /* !HAVE_NEON */
 - strlcat(buffer, "Program not compiled with ARMv7 support !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - #endif /* !HAVE_NEON */
 - EXIT:
 - return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, buffer);
 - }
 
helloneon-intrinsics.h:
- #ifndef HELLONEON_INTRINSICS_H
 - #define HELLONEON_INTRINSICS_H
 - void fir_filter_neon_intrinsics(short *output, const short* input, const short* kernel, int width, int kernelSize);
 - #endif /* HELLONEON_INTRINSICS_H */
 
helloneon-intrinsics.c:
- #include "helloneon-intrinsics.h"
 - #include <arm_neon.h>
 - /* this source file should only be compiled by Android.mk when targeting
 - * the armeabi-v7a ABI, and should be built in NEON mode
 - */
 - void
 - fir_filter_neon_intrinsics(short *output, const short* input, const short* kernel, int width, int kernelSize)
 - {
 - #if 1
 - int nn, offset = -kernelSize/2;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < width; nn++)
 - {
 - int mm, sum = 0;
 - int32x4_t sum_vec = vdupq_n_s32(0);
 - for(mm = 0; mm < kernelSize/4; mm++)
 - {
 - int16x4_t kernel_vec = vld1_s16(kernel + mm*4);
 - int16x4_t input_vec = vld1_s16(input + (nn+offset+mm*4));
 - sum_vec = vmlal_s16(sum_vec, kernel_vec, input_vec);
 - }
 - sum += vgetq_lane_s32(sum_vec, 0);
 - sum += vgetq_lane_s32(sum_vec, 1);
 - sum += vgetq_lane_s32(sum_vec, 2);
 - sum += vgetq_lane_s32(sum_vec, 3);
 - if(kernelSize & 3)
 - {
 - for(mm = kernelSize - (kernelSize & 3); mm < kernelSize; mm++)
 - sum += kernel[mm] * input[nn+offset+mm];
 - }
 - output[nn] = (short)((sum + 0x8000) >> 16);
 - }
 - #else /* for comparison purposes only */
 - int nn, offset = -kernelSize/2;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < width; nn++) {
 - int sum = 0;
 - int mm;
 - for (mm = 0; mm < kernelSize; mm++) {
 - sum += kernel[mm]*input[nn+offset+mm];
 - }
 - output[nn] = (short)((sum + 0x8000) >> 16);
 - }
 - #endif
 - }
 
5、 利用NDK生成.so文件:选中工程-->Properties-->Builders-->New-->选中Program-->OK,Name:Hello_Neon_Builder,Location: D:\ProgramFiles\Android\android-sdk\android-ndk-r9\ndk-build.cmd,Working Directory: E:\NEON\Eclipse\Hello-Neon -->Apply,选中Refresh,勾选Refreshresources upon completion, 勾选Specific resources,点击Specify Resources…,勾选Hello-Neon工程下的libs文件夹,Finish-->Apply,选中BuildOptions,勾选Allocate Console(necessary for input), After a “Clean”, During manualbuilds, During auto builds, Specify working set of relevant resources,点击SpecifyResoures…,勾选Hello-Neon工程下的jni文件夹,Finish-->Apply-->OK-->OK,会在libs文件夹下生成libhelloneon.so文件;
6、 选中Hello-Neon,-->Run As-->AndroidApplication,运行结果为:
FIRFilter benchmark:
C version :282.84 ms
Neon version :135985 ms(x2.07994 faster)
以上是.c文件的操作步骤,若将.c文件该为.cpp文件,则需改动两个文件:
1、将Android.mk改为:
- LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
 - include $(CLEAR_VARS)
 - LOCAL_MODULE := helloneon
 - #填写要编译的源文件路径
 - LOCAL_SRC_FILES := helloneon.cpp helloneon-intrinsics.cpp
 - #默认包含的头文件路径
 - LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := \
 - $(LOCAL_PATH) \
 - $(LOCAL_PATH)/..
 - #-g 后面的一系列项目添加了才能使用arm_neon-h头文件, -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon 使用arm_neon.h必须
 - LOCAL_CFLAGS := -g -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -march=armv7-a -mtune=cortex-a8
 - LOCAL_LDLIBS := -lz -llog
 - TARGET_ARCH_ABI := armeabi-v7a
 - LOCAL_ARM_MODE := arm
 - ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH_ABI),armeabi-v7a)
 - #采用NEON优化技术
 - LOCAL_ARM_NEON := true
 - #LOCAL_CFLAGS := -DHAVE_NEON=1
 - endif
 - LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := cpufeatures
 - #生成动态调用库
 - include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
 - $(call import-module,cpufeatures)
 
2、helloneon.c改为:
- #include <jni.h>
 - #include <time.h>
 - #include <stdio.h>
 - #include <stdlib.h>
 - #include <cpu-features.h>
 - #include "helloneon-intrinsics.h"
 - #define DEBUG 0
 - #define HAVE_NEON
 - #ifdef __cplusplus
 - extern "C" {
 - #endif
 - #if DEBUG
 - #include <android/log.h>
 - # define D(x...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,"helloneon",x)
 - #else
 - # define D(...) do {} while (0)
 - #endif
 - /* return current time in milliseconds */
 - static double
 - now_ms(void)
 - {
 - struct timespec res;
 - clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &res);
 - return 1000.0*res.tv_sec + (double)res.tv_nsec/1e6;
 - }
 - /* this is a FIR filter implemented in C */
 - static void
 - fir_filter_c(short *output, const short* input, const short* kernel, int width, int kernelSize)
 - {
 - int offset = -kernelSize/2;
 - int nn;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < width; nn++) {
 - int sum = 0;
 - int mm;
 - for (mm = 0; mm < kernelSize; mm++) {
 - sum += kernel[mm]*input[nn+offset+mm];
 - }
 - output[nn] = (short)((sum + 0x8000) >> 16);
 - }
 - }
 - #define FIR_KERNEL_SIZE 32
 - #define FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE 2560
 - #define FIR_INPUT_SIZE (FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE + FIR_KERNEL_SIZE)
 - #define FIR_ITERATIONS 600
 - static const short fir_kernel[FIR_KERNEL_SIZE] = {
 - 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x70, 0x8c, 0xa2, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xe9, 0xce, 0xa2, 0x8c, 070, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10,
 - 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x70, 0x8c, 0xa2, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xe9, 0xce, 0xa2, 0x8c, 070, 0x40, 0x20, 0x10 };
 - static short fir_output[FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE];
 - static short fir_input_0[FIR_INPUT_SIZE];
 - static const short* fir_input = fir_input_0 + (FIR_KERNEL_SIZE/2);
 - static short fir_output_expected[FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE];
 - /* This is a trivial JNI example where we use a native method
 - * to return a new VM String. See the corresponding Java source
 - * file located at:
 - *
 - * apps/samples/hello-neon/project/src/com/example/neon/HelloNeon.java
 - */
 - JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL Java_com_hello_1neon_android_Hello_1NeonProjectActivity_stringFromJNI(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz)
 - {
 - char str[512] = {0};
 - uint64_t features;
 - char buffer[512];
 - char tryNeon = 0;
 - double t0, t1, time_c, time_neon;
 - /* setup FIR input - whatever */
 - {
 - int nn;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < FIR_INPUT_SIZE; nn++) {
 - fir_input_0[nn] = (5*nn) & 255;
 - }
 - fir_filter_c(fir_output_expected, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - /* Benchmark small FIR filter loop - C version */
 - t0 = now_ms();
 - {
 - int count = FIR_ITERATIONS;
 - for (; count > 0; count--) {
 - fir_filter_c(fir_output, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - }
 - t1 = now_ms();
 - time_c = t1 - t0;
 - sprintf(str, "FIR Filter benchmark:\nC version : %g ms\n", time_c);
 - strlcpy(buffer, str, sizeof buffer);
 - strlcat(buffer, "Neon version : ", sizeof buffer);
 - if (android_getCpuFamily() != ANDROID_CPU_FAMILY_ARM) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "Not an ARM CPU !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - features = android_getCpuFeatures();
 - if ((features & ANDROID_CPU_ARM_FEATURE_ARMv7) == 0) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "Not an ARMv7 CPU !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - /* HAVE_NEON is defined in Android.mk ! */
 - #ifdef HAVE_NEON
 - if ((features & ANDROID_CPU_ARM_FEATURE_NEON) == 0) {
 - strlcat(buffer, "CPU doesn't support NEON !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - goto EXIT;
 - }
 - /* Benchmark small FIR filter loop - Neon version */
 - t0 = now_ms();
 - {
 - int count = FIR_ITERATIONS;
 - for (; count > 0; count--) {
 - fir_filter_neon_intrinsics(fir_output, fir_input, fir_kernel, FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE, FIR_KERNEL_SIZE);
 - }
 - }
 - t1 = now_ms();
 - time_neon = t1 - t0;
 - sprintf(str, "%g ms (x%g faster)\n", time_neon, time_c / (time_neon < 1e-6 ? 1. : time_neon));
 - strlcat(buffer, str, sizeof buffer);
 - /* check the result, just in case */
 - {
 - int nn, fails = 0;
 - for (nn = 0; nn < FIR_OUTPUT_SIZE; nn++) {
 - if (fir_output[nn] != fir_output_expected[nn]) {
 - if (++fails < 16)
 - D("neon[%d] = %d expected %d", nn, fir_output[nn], fir_output_expected[nn]);
 - }
 - }
 - D("%d fails\n", fails);
 - }
 - #else /* !HAVE_NEON */
 - strlcat(buffer, "Program not compiled with ARMv7 support !\n", sizeof buffer);
 - #endif /* !HAVE_NEON */
 - EXIT:
 - return env->NewStringUTF(buffer);
 - }
 - #ifdef __cplusplus
 - }
 - #endif
 
参考文献:
1、 http://blog.csdn.net/fengbingchun/article/details/11580983
2、 android-ndk-r9-windows-x86_64中的hello-neon例子代码
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