Django--多对多表操作+母版
- 需求
- 步骤

Django--多对多表操作+母版

今天还以一个学生管理系统为例，先通过pymysql这个模块，进行多对多表操作，以下两种方式

新url的方式：直接新开一个页面进行操作
ajax模态框的方式：在本页面通过模态框的方式进行操作

需求

对老师表进行增删改查，此时老师表和班级表是多对多关系

步骤

开始写功能
1. 添加路由
2. 设计模板
3. 写对应的接口函数

添加路由映射关系

urlpatterns = [

    # 新url方式

    url(r'^teachers/', teachers),

    url(r'^add_teacher/', add_teacher),

    url(r'^del_teacher/', del_teacher),

    url(r'^update_teacher/', update_teacher),

    # ajax方式

    url(r'^ajax_add_teacher/', ajax_add_teacher),

    url(r'^ajax_update_teacher/', ajax_update_teacher),

]

老师表的增删改查

# students.html -- 通过继承layout.html页面

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block mycss %}

    <style>

        select {

            height: 34px;

            width: 203px;

            padding: 6px 12px;

            border: 1px solid #ccc;

            border-radius: 4px;

            background-color: #fff;

        }

    </style>

{% endblock %}

{% block mycontent %}

    <h3>学生表</h3>

    <table class="table table-hover table-bordered">

        <tbody>

        <tr>

            <th>ID</th>

            <th>姓名</th>

            <th>年龄</th>

            <th>班级</th>

            <th>更新</th>

            <th>删除</th>

        </tr>

        {% for stu in students %}

            <tr>

                <td>{{ stu.sid }}</td>

                <td>{{ stu.name }}</td>

                <td>{{ stu.age }}</td>

                <td clsid="{{ stu.cid }}">{{ stu.cname }}</td>

                <td>

                    <button class="btn btn-info"><a href="/update_student/?id={{ stu.sid }}"

                                                    style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">更新</a></button>

                    <button class="ajax_update btn btn-primary">ajax更新</button>

                </td>

                <td>

                    <button class="btn btn-danger"><a href="/del_student/?id={{ stu.sid }}" class="delete"

                                                      style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">删除</a></button>

                    {#                <button class="ajax_delete">ajax删除</button>#}

                </td>

            </tr>

        {% endfor %}

        </tbody>

    </table>

    <br><br>

    <button class="btn btn-info"><a href="/add_student/" style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">添加学生</a></button>

    <button id="ajax_add" class="btn btn-primary">ajax添加学生</button>

    {# 遮罩层 #}

    <div class="shadow"></div>

    {# 弹出框层 #}

    {# 增加学生 #}

    <div class="add_model">

        {#    <input type="hidden" name="class_id">#}

        <div>

            <h4 style="text-align: center; margin-top: 20px;">增加学生</h4>

            <hr>

        </div>

        <div class="model" style="margin-left: 120px">

            名字：<input type="text" name="name" id="add_student"><br>

            年龄：<input type="text" name="age" id="add_age"><br>

            <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 2px">

                班级：<select name="add_cid" id="add_cid">

                {% for class in classes %}

                    <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>

                {% endfor %}

            </select></div>

            <span id="add_error" style="color:red; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px;"></span><br>

            <button id="add" class="btn btn-danger" style="margin-left: 48px;">添加</button>

            <button class="add_cancel btn btn-primary" style="margin-left: 40px;">取消</button>

        </div>

    </div>

    {# 更新学生 #}

    <div class="update_model">

        <div>

            <h4 style="text-align: center; margin-top: 20px;">更新学生</h4>

            <hr>

        </div>

        <div class="model" style="margin-left: 120px">

            <input type="hidden" name="sid" id="up_sid">

            姓名：<input type="text" name="name" id="up_name"><br>

            年龄：<input type="text" name="age" id="up_age">

            <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 2px">

                班级：<select name="up_cid" id="up_cid">

                {% for class in classes %}

                    <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>

                {% endfor %}

            </select>

            </div>

            <span id="up_error" style="color:red; font-size: 12px; margin-bottom: 10px;"></span><br>

            <button id="update" class="btn btn-danger" style="margin-left: 48px;">更新</button>

            <button class="up_cancel btn btn-primary" style="margin-left: 48px;">取消</button>

        </div>

    </div>

{% endblock %}

{% block myjs %}

    {# 删除学生 #}

    <script>

        $('.delete').click(function () {

            res = window.confirm('是否删除学生');

            return res;

        });

    </script>

    {# 增加学生 #}

    <script>

        $('#ajax_add').click(function () {

            $('.shadow, .add_model').css('display', 'block');

            {#$('.shadow, .add_model').show()#}

        });

        $('.add_cancel').click(function () {

            $('.shadow, .add_model').hide();

            window.location.href = '/students/'

        });

        $('#add').click(function () {

            var name = $('#add_student').val();

            var age = $('#add_age').val();

            var cid = $('#add_cid').val();

            {#console.log(classname);#}

            $.ajax({

                type: 'POST',

                url: '/ajax_add_student/',

                data: {'name': name, 'age': age, 'cid': cid},

                success: function (data) {

                    var res = JSON.parse(data);

                    if (res['code'] == 10000) {

                        alert(res['msg']);

                        window.location.href = '/students/';

                    } else {

                        $('#add_error').text(res['msg']);

                    }

                }

            })

        });

    </script>

    {# 更新学生 #}

    <script>

        $('.ajax_update').click(function () {

            $('.shadow, .update_model').show();

            var info = $(this).parent().prevAll();

            {#console.log(info)#}

            var age = info[1].innerText;

            var name = info[2].innerText;

            var id = info[3].innerText;

            var cid = $(info[0]).attr('clsid');

            $('#up_age').val(age);

            $('#up_name').val(name);

            $('#up_sid').val(id);

            $('#up_cid').val(cid);

        });

        $('.up_cancel').click(function () {

            $('.shadow, .update_model').hide();

            window.location.href = '/students/';

        });

        $('#update').click(function () {

            var name = $('#up_name').val();

            var age = $('#up_age').val();

            var id = $('#up_sid').val();

            var cid = $('#up_cid').val();

            {#console.log(classname,id);#}

            $.ajax({

                type: 'POST',

                url: '/ajax_update_student/',

                data: {'id': id, 'name': name, 'age': age, 'cid': cid},

                success: function (data) {

                    var res = JSON.parse(data);

                    if (res['code'] == 10000) {

                        alert(res['msg']);

                        window.location.href = '/students/';

                    } else {

                        $('#up_error').text(res['msg']);

                    }

                }

            })

        });

    </script>

{% endblock %}

# add_student.html -- 通过继承layout.html页面

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block mycss %}

    <style>

        select {

            height: 34px;

            width: 203px;

            padding: 6px 12px;

            border: 1px solid #ccc;

            border-radius: 4px;

            background-color: #fff;

        }

    </style>

{% endblock %}

{% block mycontent %}

<h3>增加老师</h3>

<form action="/add_teacher/" method="post" class="form-inline">

    老师姓名：<input type="text" name="tname" class="form-control"><br>

    <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 10px">

        班级列表：<select name="cid" id="" multiple>

        {% for class in classes %}

            <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>

        {% endfor %}

    </select>

    </div>

    <span style="color:red; font-size: 12px;">{{ data }}</span><br>

    <span style="margin-left: 48px;"><input type="submit" value="添加" class="btn btn-danger"></span>

    <span style="margin-left: 40px;">

        <button class="btn btn-primary">

            <a href="/teachers/" style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">取消</a>

        </button>

    </span>

</form>

{% endblock %}

# update_student.html -- 通过继承layout.html页面

{% extends 'layout.html' %}

{% block mycss %}

    <style>

        select {

            height: 34px;

            width: 203px;

            padding: 6px 12px;

            border: 1px solid #ccc;

            border-radius: 4px;

            background-color: #fff;

        }

    </style>

{% endblock %}

{% block mycontent %}

    <h3>更新老师信息</h3>

    <form action="/update_teacher/" method="post" class="form-inline">

        <input type="hidden" name="tid" value="{{ teacher.id }}">

        姓名：<input type=" text" class="form-control" name="tname" value="{{ teacher.tname }}"><br>

        <div style="margin-top: 2px;margin-bottom: 10px">

            班级：<select name="cid" id="" multiple>

            {% for class in classes %}

                <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>

            {% endfor %}

        </select></div>

        <span style="color:red; font-size: 12px;">{{ data }}</span><br>

        <span style="margin-left: 48px;"><input type="submit" value="更新" class="btn btn-danger"></span>

        <span style="margin-left: 40px;">

        <button class="btn btn-primary">

            <a href="/teachers/" style="color: white;text-decoration: none;">取消</a>

        </button>

    </span>

    </form>

{% endblock %}

# urls.py

@deco

def teachers(request):

    sql = 'select teachers.id as tid,tname,cname,cid from teachers left join teacher2class on teachers.id = teacher2class.tid left join classes on classes.id = teacher2class.cid order by tid'

    res = mysql(sql)[0]

    # print(res)

    sql = 'select * from classes'

    classes = mysql(sql)[0]

    teachers = {}

    # cids = {}

    for dic in res:

        if dic['tid'] in teachers:

            teachers[dic['tid']]['cname'].append(dic['cname'])

            # cids[dic['tid']]['cids'].append(dic['cid'])

        else:

            teachers[dic['tid']] = {'tid': dic['tid'], 'tname': dic['tname'], 'cname': [dic['cname'], ]}

            # cids[dic['tid']] = {'classids': [dic['cid'], ]}

    return render(request, 'teachers.html', {'teachers': teachers.values(), 'classes': classes})

@deco

def add_teacher(request):

    sql = 'select * from classes'

    classes = mysql(sql)[0]

    if request.method == "GET":

        return render(request, 'add_teacher.html', {'classes': classes})

    else:

        tname = request.POST.get('tname')

        cids = request.POST.getlist('cid')

        if not (tname and cids):

            data = '姓名或班级不能为空'

            return render(request, 'add_teacher.html', {'classes': classes, 'data': data})

        sql = 'select * from teachers where tname=%s'

        res = mysql(sql, (tname,))[0]

        if res:

            data = '老师已存在'

            return render(request, 'add_teacher.html', {'classes': classes, 'data': data})

        sql = 'insert into teachers(tname) values(%s)'

        mysql(sql, (tname,))

        sql = 'select id from teachers where tname=%s'

        tid = mysql(sql, (tname,))[0].get('id')

        # print(tid)

        # print(cids)

        for cid in cids:

            cid = int(cid)

            sql = 'insert into teacher2class(tid,cid) values (%s,%s)'

            mysql(sql, (tid, cid))

        return redirect('/teachers/')

@deco

def del_teacher(request):

    # print(request)

    tid = request.GET.get('id')

    # print(tid)

    sql = 'delete from teacher2class where tid=%s'

    mysql(sql, (tid,))

    sql = 'delete from teachers where id=%s'

    mysql(sql, (tid,))

    return redirect('/teachers/')

@deco

def update_teacher(request):

    sql = 'select * from classes'

    classes = mysql(sql)[0]

    if request.method == 'GET':

        tid = request.GET.get('id')

        sql = 'select * from teachers where id=%s'

        teacher = mysql(sql, (tid,))[0]

        # print(teacher)

        return render(request, 'update_teacher.html', {'teacher': teacher, 'classes': classes})

    else:

        id = request.POST.get('tid')

        tname = request.POST.get('tname')

        cids = request.POST.getlist('cid')

        sql = 'select * from teachers where id=%s'

        teacher = mysql(sql, (id,))[0]

        if not (tname and cids):

            data = '名字或班级不能为空'

            return render(request, 'update_teacher.html', {'teacher': teacher, 'classes': classes, 'data': data})

        sql = 'select * from teachers where tname=%s and id != %s'

        res = mysql(sql, (tname, id))[0]

        if res:

            data = f'老师--{tname}--已存在'

            return render(request, 'update_teacher.html', {'teacher': teacher, 'classes': classes, 'data': data})

        sql = 'delete from teacher2class where tid=%s'

        mysql(sql, (id,))

        sql = 'update teachers set tname=%s where id=%s '

        mysql(sql, (tname, id))

        for cid in cids:

            cid = int(cid)

            sql = 'insert into teacher2class(tid,cid) values(%s,%s)'

            mysql(sql, (id, cid))

        return redirect('/teachers/')

ajax操作老师表

# urls.py

@deco

def ajax_add_teacher(request):

    tname = request.POST.get('tname')

    cids = request.POST.getlist('cid')

    res = {'code': None, 'msg': None}

    if not (tname and cids):

        res['code'] = 10001

        res['msg'] = '姓名或班级不能为空'

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

    sql = 'select * from teachers where tname=%s'

    resp = mysql(sql, (tname,))[1]

    if resp:

        res['code'] = 10001

        res['msg'] = f'老师---{tname}-已存在'

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

    sql = 'insert into teachers(tname) values(%s)'

    mysql(sql, (tname,))

    sql = 'select id from teachers where tname=%s'

    tid = mysql(sql, (tname,))[0].get('id')

    # tid = mysql(sql, (tname,))[0]

    print(tid)

    for cid in cids:

        cid = int(cid)

        sql = 'insert into teacher2class(tid,cid) values (%s,%s)'

        mysql(sql, (tid, cid))

    res['code'] = 10000

    res['msg'] = f'老师--{tname}--信息添加成功'

    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

@deco

def ajax_update_teacher(request):

    id = request.POST.get('id')

    tname = request.POST.get('tname')

    cids = request.POST.getlist('cid')

    res = {'code': None, 'msg': None}

    if not (tname and cids):

        res['code'] = 10001

        res['msg'] = '名字或班级不能为空'

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

    sql = 'select * from teachers where tname=%s and id!=%s'

    resp = mysql(sql, (tname, id))[0]

    if resp:

        res['code'] = 10001

        res['msg'] = '老师已存在'

        return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

    sql = 'delete from teacher2class where tid=%s'

    mysql(sql, (id,))

    sql = 'update teachers set tname=%s where id=%s '

    mysql(sql, (tname, id))

    for cid in cids:

        cid = int(cid)

        sql = 'insert into teacher2class(tid,cid) values(%s,%s)'

        mysql(sql, (id, cid))

    res['code'] = 10000

    res['msg'] = f'老师--{tname}--更新成功'

    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(res))

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Django--多对多表操作/通过母版渲染页面

Django--多对多表操作+母版

需求

步骤

添加路由映射关系

老师表的增删改查

ajax操作老师表

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