Mac OS X 10.11.1下搭建Python3.4 + PyQt5.5.1 +Eric6.1.1开发平台

由于Python易学、开源、面向对象、可移植性高、库丰富的特点，近期开始学习Python。百度了解了各款Python IDE后，还是认为Eric比较适合我，所以踏上了安装Eric坎坷之路，从选定工具到安装成功一共花费了8天时间，从Windows到Linux再到Mac，挨个折腾了一遍，Windows的搭建比较简单，下载好相应版本直接运行exe就行了，Linux和Mac下我都是用源码包安装的，所以遇到了不少问题最后，终于在Mac上研究明白了。把搭建的整个过程写下来，和与我一样的小白分享。

PS:Mac与Linux的搭建没什么区别，Linux下的也可参考本文，由于我安装过xcode所以gcc我没有再单独去安装，没有的请根据提示自行安装。

一、准备文件

Python3.4
Qt5.5.1
SIP4.17
QScintilla2.9.1
PyQt5.5.1

二、安装过程

1.安装Python3.4

从官网（https://www.python.org/download）下载相应平台的版本安装即可

注意！！

如果您是iOS开发者,请不要删除python2.7,因为Xcode使用的2.7的脚本,不支持3以上版本!!!

2.安装Qt5.5.1

从官网（http://qt-project.org/downloads）下载相应平台的版本安装即可，路径设成默认（/Users/*/Qt5.5.1）即可

安装完成需要将Qt5添加到环境变量~/.bash_profile 　　

 vim ~/.bash_profile

　　　　将下面两行添加进去

 PATH="/Users/*/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin:${PATH}"

 export PATH

3.安装SIP4.14

下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download

 tar -zxvf sip-4.17.tar.gz

 cd sip-4.17

 python3 configure.py

 make  && date # 加&&date是个人习惯，make成功会显示时间

 sudo make install  && date # 一定要加sudo

4.安装QScintilla/Qt4Qt5

　　　　　　下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/qscintilla/download

QScintilla2 文件中有3个文件夹的内容要分别安装：Qt4Qt5，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python。

Qt4Qt5文件夹要在PyQt之前安装，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python要在PyQt之后安装，顺序一定要注意！！

 cd ./QScintilla-gpl-2.9./Qt4Qt5

 qmake qscintilla.pro

 make && date

 sudo make install && date

5.安装PyQt5.5.1

下载地址：https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download5

由于是安装在Python的site-packages里，所以要首先确定包的位置

 python3

 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,::)

 [GCC 4.2.(AppleInc. build )(dot )] on darwin

 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information.

 >>> import site

 >>> site.getsitepackages()

 ['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages','/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/site-python','/Library/Python/3.4/site-packages']

　　知道了位置开始编译

 cd PyQt-gpl-5.5.

 $python3 configure.py -q /Users/**/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin/qmake -d /Library/Python/3.4/site-packages/ #-q 后面的是qmake的位置，-d 后面是Python包的位置

 make && date

注意！！

我在执行make的时候出了一个这样的错误

 /Users/Kallan/Documents/Python开发/PyQt-gpl-5.5./sip/QtPositioning/qgeolocation.sip::: fatal error:

          'qgeolocation.h' file not found

     #include <qgeolocation.h>

             ^

      error generated.

 make[]:***[sipQtPositioningcmodule.o]Error1

 make:***[sub-QtPositioning-make_first-ordered]Error2

解决方法：

在/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/QtPositioning文件夹下创建一个头文件qgeolocation.h，把下面的内容复制进去

     /****************************************************************************

     **

     **Copyright(C)2015TheQtCompanyLtd.

     **Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/

     **

     **This file is part of the QtPositioning module of the QtToolkit.

     **

     ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL21$

     **CommercialLicenseUsage

     **Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in

     ** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the

     **Softwareor, alternatively,in accordance with the terms contained in

     ** a written agreement between you andTheQtCompany.For licensing terms

     **and conditions see http://www.qt.io/terms-conditions.For further

     ** information use the contact form at http://www.qt.io/contact-us.

     **

     ** GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicenseUsage

     **Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser

     **GeneralPublicLicense version 2.1or version 3as published by the Free

     **SoftwareFoundationand appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPLv21and

     ** LICENSE.LGPLv3 included in the packaging of this file.Please review the

     ** following information to ensure the GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicense

     ** requirements will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html and

     ** http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html.

     **

     **As a special exception,TheQtCompany gives you certain additional

     ** rights.These rights are described inTheQtCompany LGPL Exception

     ** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package.

     **

     ** $QT_END_LICENSE$

     **

     ****************************************************************************/

     #ifndef QGEOLOCATION_H

     #define QGEOLOCATION_H

     #include <QtCore/QSharedDataPointer>

     #include <QtCore/QMetaType>

     #include <QtPositioning/qpositioningglobal.h>

     QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE

     classQGeoAddress;

     classQGeoCoordinate;

     classQGeoRectangle;

     classQGeoLocationPrivate;

     class Q_POSITIONING_EXPORT QGeoLocation

     {

     public:

        QGeoLocation();

        QGeoLocation(const QGeoLocation&other);

        ~QGeoLocation();

        QGeoLocation&operator=(const QGeoLocation&other);

        bool operator==(const QGeoLocation&other) const;

        bool operator!=(const QGeoLocation&other) const {

            return!(other ==*this);

        }

        QGeoAddress address() const;

        void setAddress(const QGeoAddress&address);

        QGeoCoordinate coordinate() const;

        void setCoordinate(const QGeoCoordinate&position);

        QGeoRectangle boundingBox() const;

        void setBoundingBox(const QGeoRectangle&box);

        bool isEmpty() const;

     private:

        QSharedDataPointer<QGeoLocationPrivate> d;

     };

     Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QGeoLocation, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE);

     QT_END_NAMESPACE

     Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(QGeoLocation)

     #endif

继续！

 make && date

 sudo make install && date

6.安装QScintilla/Python

 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9./Python

 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5-v /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5

 make && date

 sudo make install && date

如果在Python里import不会报错，即代表安装成功，可继续往下进行

 python3

 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,::)

 [GCC 4.2.(AppleInc. build )(dot )] on darwin

 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information.

 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci

 >>> exit()

7.安装QScintilla/designer-Qt4Qt5

 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9./designer-Qt4Qt5

 qmake designer.pro

 make && date

 sudo make install && date

8.安装Eric6

下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/eric-ide/files/eric6/stable/

下载其中的eric6-6.1.1.tar主文件和eric6-i18n-zh_CN.GB2312-6.1.1.tar中文语言包。

将两个文件提取出来，将中文语音包的eric复制到主文件内合并

 cd eric6-6.1.

 sudo python3 install.py

配置Eric6

1、选择Eric6-> preference -> Editor -> Autocompation。勾选所有选框；

2.Editor -> QScintilla 。勾上左右的两个选框，然后在下面source中，选择from Document and API files；

3.Editor -> APIs。勾选Complie APIs Autocompation，在Language中，选择python3。点面下面的Add from installed APIs按钮,选择住需要的.api文件。最后点击Compile APIs；

4、Interface -> Interface。Language选择中文,重启生效。

大功告成！

三、曾经遇到的问题

1.安装QScintilla designer-Qt4Qt5时报错！

 root@kallan:/media/kallan/D盘/编程学习/python/QScintilla-gpl-2.9./designer-Qt4Qt5# qmake -qt5 designer.pro Project ERROR: Unknown module(s) in QT: designer

原因： Qt没有安装好

2.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5--qsci-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5

 Error:Make sure you have a working sip on your PATH or use the --sip argument

 to explicitly specify a working sip.

原因：没有安装SIP

3.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5

 ConfiguringQScintilla2.9.1...

 QScintilla2.9.1 is being used.

 TheQScintilla.sip files will be installed in/usr/share/sip/PyQt5.

 TheQScintilla module will be installed in

 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/PyQt5.

 PyQt5.3.1 is being used.

 Qt5.3.1 is being used.

 sip 4.16. is being used.

 The sip executable is /usr/bin/sip.

 TheQScintilla module is being built with 'protected' redefined as 'public'.

 TheQScintilla API file will be installed in/usr/share/qt5/qsci/api/python.

 Generating the C++ source for the Qsci module...

 Error:Unable to create the C++ code.

原因：安装顺序错误——先安装的PyQt5，而后安装的QScintilla Qt4Qt5

4.QScintilla的Python安装完成但是在Python中import时报错！

 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci

 Traceback(most recent call last):

 File"<stdin>", line ,in<module>

 ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions//QtPrintSupport

 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so

 Reason: image not found

5.安装Eric报错！

 python3 install.py

 Checking dependencies

 PythonVersion:3.4.

 FoundPyQt5

 Sorry, please install QScintilla2 and

 its PyQt5/PyQt4 wrapper.

 Error: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions//QtPrintSupport

 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3./site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so

 Reason: image not found

4和5问题的原因是一样的，QScintilla的Python没有安装成功

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