mysql 连接超慢

cd /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d
sudo vi mysqld.cnf
加上最后一句skip-name-resolve, 如下：
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user            = mysql
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port            = 3306
basedir         = /usr
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir          = /tmp
lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve

　　在linux下配置文件是/etc/my.cnf，在windows下配置文件是mysql安装目录下的my.ini文件。注意该配置是加在 [mysqld]下面，在更改配置并保存后，然后重启mysql并远程连接测试，一切恢复如初。该参数的官方解释信息如下：

How MySQL uses DNS

When a new thread connects to mysqld, mysqld will spawn a new thread to handle the request. This thread will first check if the hostname is in the hostname cache. If not the thread will call gethostbyaddr_r() and gethostbyname_r() to resolve the hostname.

If the operating system doesn't support the above thread-safe calls, the thread will lock a mutex and call gethostbyaddr() and gethostbyname() instead. Note that in this case no other thread can resolve other hostnames that is not in the hostname cache until the first thread is ready.

You can disable DNS host lookup by starting mysqld with –skip-name-resolve. In this case you can however only use IP names in the MySQL privilege tables.

If you have a very slow DNS and many hosts, you can get more performance by either disabling DNS lookop with –skip-name-resolve or by increasing the HOST_CACHE_SIZE define (default: 128) and recompile mysqld.

You can disable the hostname cache with –skip-host-cache. You can clear the hostname cache with FLUSH HOSTS or mysqladmin flush-hosts.

If you don't want to allow connections over TCP/IP, you can do this by starting mysqld with –skip-networking.

　　根据文档说明，如果你的mysql主机查询DNS很慢或是有很多客户端主机时会导致连接很慢，由于我们的开发机器是不能够连接外网的，所以DNS解析是不可能完成的，从而也就明白了为什么连接那么慢了。同时，请注意在增加该配置参数后，mysql的授权表中的host字段就不能够使用域名而只能够使用 ip地址了，因为这是禁止了域名解析的结果。