python执行shell获取硬件参数写入mysql

最近要获取服务器各种参数，包括cpu、内存、磁盘、型号等信息。试用了Hyperic HQ、Nagios和Snmp，它们功能都挺强大的，但是于需求不是太符，亦或者太heavy。

于是乎想到用python执行shell获取这些信息，python执行shell脚本有以下三种方法：

1. os.system()

os.system('ls')
#返回结果0或者1，不能得到命令的输出

2. os.popen()

output = os.popen('ls')
print output.read()
#打印出的是命令输出，但是得不到执行的返回值

3. commands.getstatusoutput()

(status, output) = commands.getstatusoutput('ls')
print status, output
#打印出返回值和命令输出

可以根据需要选取其中一种方法，以下是python执行shell获取硬件参数写入mysql，并定期更新的程序：

 '''
 Created on Dec 10, 2014

 @author: liufei
 '''
 #coding=utf-8
 import time, sched, os, string
 from datetime import datetime
 import MySQLdb

 s = sched.scheduler(time.time,time.sleep)

 def event_func():
     try:
         #主机名
         name = os.popen(""" hostname """).read()
         #cpu数目
         cpu_num = os.popen(""" cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l """).read()
         #内存大小
         mem = os.popen(""" free | grep Mem | awk '{print $2}' """).read()
         #机器品牌
         brand = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Vendor' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read()
         #型号
         model = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read()
         #磁盘大小
         storage = os.popen(""" fdisk -l | grep 'Disk /dev/sd' | awk 'BEGIN{sum=0}{sum=sum+$3}END{print sum}' """).read()
         #mac地址
         mac = os.popen(""" ifconfig -a | grep HWaddr | head -1 | awk '{print $5}' """).read()

         name = name.replace("\n","").lstrip()
         cpu_num =  cpu_num.replace("\n","").lstrip()
         memory_gb = round(string.atof(mem.replace("\n","").lstrip())/1000.0/1000.0, 1)
         brand = brand.replace("\n","").lstrip()
         model = model.replace("\n","").lstrip()
         storage_gb = storage.replace("\n","").lstrip()
         mac = mac.replace("\n","").lstrip()

         print name
         print cpu_num
         print memory_gb
         print storage_gb
         print brand
         print model
         print mac

         conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='xx.xx.xx.xx',user='USERNAME',passwd='PASSWORD',db='DBNAME',port=3306)
         cur=conn.cursor()
         cur.execute('select mac from servers where mac=%s',mac)
         data = cur.fetchone()

         if data is None:
             value = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac, datetime.now(), datetime.now()]
             cur.execute("insert into servers(name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac,  created_at, updated_at) values(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",value)
         else:
             value1 = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, datetime.now(), mac]
             cur.execute("update servers set name=%s,brand=%s,model=%s,memory_gb=%s,storage_gb=%s,cpu_num=%s, updated_at=%s where mac=%s",value1)

         conn.commit()
         cur.close()
         conn.close()

     except MySQLdb.Error,e:
         print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])

 def perform(inc):
     s.enter(inc,0,perform,(inc,))
     event_func()

 def mymain(inc=10):
     s.enter(0,0,perform,(inc,))
     s.run()

 if __name__ == "__main__":
     mymain()