CXF - JAX-WS入门

相关dependency，我使用的版本是2.7.11:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId>
    <version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http</artifactId>
    <version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
    <artifactId>cxf-rt-transports-http-jetty</artifactId>
    <version>${cxf.version}</version>
</dependency>

以一个简单的Service为例:

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;
@WebService
public interface MyCxfService {
    @WebMethod
    String saySth(String content);
}

以及其实现:

import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsServerFactoryBean;
import pac.testcase.ws.MyCxfService;
public class MyCxfServiceImpl implements MyCxfService {
    public String saySth(String content) {
        return "I say "+content;
    }
}

启动服务:

JaxWsServerFactoryBean server = new JaxWsServerFactoryBean();
server.setServiceClass(MyCxfServiceImpl.class);
server.setAddress("http://localhost:8686/ws/service");
server.create();

调用服务:

JaxWsProxyFactoryBean client = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
client.setServiceClass(MyCxfService.class);
client.setAddress("http://localhost:8686/ws/service");
MyCxfService service = (MyCxfService)client.create();
System.out.println(service.saySth("nothing but performance!!"));

CXF是通过Spring为service提供XML配置的。
需要用Servlet Listener装载Spring后加入CXF相关的Servlet。
也就是说:

<servlet>
  <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
  <display-name>CXF Servlet</display-name>
  <servlet-class>
     org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet
  </servlet-class>
  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

在spring的配置文件中加入:

xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

继续用上一个例子中的Service接口，简单做一下配置:

<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/>

<jaxws:endpoint implementor="pac.king.webservice.impl.MyCxfServiceImpl" address="/MyCxfService"  />

访问:http://localhost:8080/runtrain/services/，会出现下面的效果

客户端方面，可以使用jaxws:client配置让他调用本地bean那样简单:

<jaxws:client id="MyCxfClient" address="http://localhost:8080/runtrain/services/MyCxfService" serviceClass="pac.king.webservice.MyCxfService" />

如果不使用则相当于:

<bean id="MyCxfClient" factory-bean="clientFactory" factory-method="create"/>
<bean id="clientFactory" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean"
    p:serviceClass="pac.king.webservice.MyCxfService"
    p:address="http://localhost:8080/runtrain/services/MyCxfService"
/>

远程调用变得透明:

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:applicationContext*.xml");
MyCxfService client = (MyCxfService)context.getBean("MyCxfClient");
System.out.println(client.saySth("nothing but show!!"));

曾经想过一个问题，为什么我自己定义个User类什么的都可以传输，而Map却不可以?
天天堆砌API导致很多人把这个Map想得太简单了，换个立场想想，XSD如何去表示Map这种东西?
JAXB(Java Architecture for XML Binding)可以解决这个问题!
简单说来就是:
Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) allows Java developers to map Java classes to XML representations. JAXB provides two main features: the ability to marshal Java objects into XML and the inverse, i.e. to unmarshal XML back into Java objects.

这里引用一下wiki中XSD与JAXB对对照:

XML Schema Type	Java Data Type
xsd:string	java.lang.String
xsd:integer	java.math.BigInteger
xsd:positiveInteger	java.math.BigInteger
xsd:int	int
xsd:long	long
xsd:short	short
xsd:decimal	java.math.BigDecimal
xsd:float	float
xsd:double	double
xsd:boolean	boolean
xsd:byte	byte
xsd:QName	javax.xml.namespace.QName
xsd:dateTime	javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
xsd:base64Binary	byte[]
xsd:hexBinary	byte[]
xsd:unsignedInt	long
xsd:unsignedShort	int
xsd:unsignedByte	short
xsd:unsignedLong	java.math.BigDecimal
xsd:time	javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
xsd:date	javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
xsd:g	javax.xml.datatype.XMLGregorianCalendar
xsd:anySimpleType	java.lang.Object
xsd:anySimpleType	java.lang.String
xsd:duration	javax.xml.datatype.Duration
xsd:NOTATION	javax.xml.namespace.QName

简单记录一下操作步骤。
首先我需要写一个Adapter来进行marsal/unmarshal。
可以使用javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlAdapter<ValueType,BoundType>
简单说来就是用前者解释后者，引用一下javaDoc中对ValueType与BoundType的说明:

* @param <BoundType>
*      The type that JAXB doesn't know how to handle. An adapter is written
*      to allow this type to be used as an in-memory representation through
*      the <tt>ValueType</tt>.
* @param <ValueType>
*      The type that JAXB knows how to handle out of the box.

我现在试着写一个返回Map的方法，但是我不能用java.util.Map，因为JAXB无法处理interface。
于是我这样定义我的服务:

import java.util.HashMap;
import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebResult;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlJavaTypeAdapter;
import pac.king.pojo.User;
import pac.king.webservice.utils.MyMapAdapter;
@WebService
public interface MyCxfService {
    @WebMethod
    @XmlJavaTypeAdapter(MyMapAdapter.class)
    public @WebResult HashMap<String,String> convertUserInfoToMap(@WebParam User user);
}

以及实现:

import java.util.HashMap;
import pac.king.pojo.User;
import pac.king.webservice.MyCxfService;
public class MyCxfServiceImpl implements MyCxfService {
    public HashMap<String, String> convertUserInfoToMap(User user) {
        HashMap<String,String> result = new HashMap<String, String>();
        result.put("name", user.getName());
        result.put("id", user.getId());
        result.put("password", user.getPassword());
        return result;
    }
}

写User时需要提供一个没有参数的constructor:

package pac.king.pojo;
public class User {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String password;
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }
    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public User() {}
    public User(String id, String name, String password) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.password = password;
    }
}

注意服务方法上的注解@XmlJavaTypeAdapter(MyMapAdapter.class)。
这是继承XmlAdapter写的一个Adapter:

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlAdapter;
public class MyMapAdapter extends XmlAdapter<MyGeneralBean[], HashMap<String,String>>{
    @Override
    public HashMap<String, String> unmarshal(MyGeneralBean[] v)
            throws Exception {
        HashMap<String,String> resultMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
        for (MyGeneralBean e : v) {
            resultMap.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue());
        }
        return resultMap;
    }
    @Override
    public MyGeneralBean[] marshal(HashMap<String, String> v) throws Exception {
        MyGeneralBean[] m = new MyGeneralBean[10];
        int i=0;
        for (Entry<String, String> entry : v.entrySet()) {
            m[++i] = new MyGeneralBean(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
        return m;
    }

}

MyGeneralBean是用来解释Map结构的一个简单类型，这个也需要提供一个无参数的constructor:

public class MyGeneralBean {
    private String key;
    private String value;
    public String getKey() {
        return key;
    }
    public void setKey(String key) {
        this.key = key;
    }
    public String getValue() {
        return value;
    }
    public void setValue(String value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
    public MyGeneralBean() {}
    public MyGeneralBean(String key, String value) {
        super();
        this.key = key;
        this.value = value;
    }

}

这样就可以调用了，继续使用上一个例子中的jaxws:client配置，直接使用服务。

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath*:applicationContext*.xml");
        MyCxfService client = (MyCxfService) context.getBean("MyCxfClient");
        Map<String,String> map = client.convertUserInfoToMap(new User("100001","King.","t;stmdtkg"));
        System.out.println(map.get("id"));
        System.out.println(map.get("name"));
        System.out.println(map.get("password"));