ubuntu18.04开机后NVIDIA显卡驱动加载失败

1.开机按esc进入ubuntu高级选项，选择内核版本，之后回车



注意：记住此版本号

2.接下来按照如下操作

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

# GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_DEFAULT="1> 2"  # 修改后的配置
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=0
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

3.重启之后采用uname -r 查看当前的内核版本

参考链接：https://www.toutiao.com/i7023555532728353294/

执行darknet下面的文件后出现新的问题

(yolov4) waq@waq-MS-7885:~/Downloads/ai/Vitis-AI-1.3.2/yolo_dploy/darknet-master$ ./darknet detector train  cfg/voc.data cfg/yolov4.cfg  yolov4.weights -map
CUDA status Error: file: ./src/dark_cuda.c : () : line: 38 : build time: Nov 22 2021 - 20:42:38 

 CUDA Error: unknown error
Darknet error location: ./src/dark_cuda.c, check_error, line #69
CUDA Error: unknown error: Bad file descriptor
(yolov4) waq@waq-MS-7885:~/Downloads/ai/Vitis-AI-1.3.2/yolo_dploy/darknet-master$ 

搜集资料发现是cuda的问题，哎，再重新装一次cuda！！！

1.官网下载安装文件，我这里下载的是run文件，安装之前卸载掉之前安装的旧版本cuda10.1（具体版本查看nvcc --version）

一般默认安装路径是/usr/local/ 下面，卸载旧版本 进入到 /usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin下面，执行 sudo ./cuda-uninstaller文件，最后成功卸载，可以紧接着删除文件夹即可

2.安装新下载的run文件



注意选择安装的时候不要勾选驱动，去掉x即可，其他的勾选，安装完之后会有一个summary：

  ===========
= Summary =
===========

Driver:   Not Selected
Toolkit:  Installed in /usr/local/cuda-10.1/
Samples:  Installed in /home/waq/, but missing recommended libraries

Please make sure that
 -   PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin
 -   LD_LIBRARY_PATH includes /usr/local/cuda-10.1/lib64, or, add /usr/local/cuda-10.1/lib64 to /etc/ld.so.conf and run ldconfig as root

To uninstall the CUDA Toolkit, run cuda-uninstaller in /usr/local/cuda-10.1/bin

Please see CUDA_Installation_Guide_Linux.pdf in /usr/local/cuda-10.1/doc/pdf for detailed information on setting up CUDA.
***WARNING: Incomplete installation! This installation did not install the CUDA Driver. A driver of version at least 418.00 is required for CUDA 10.1 functionality to work.
To install the driver using this installer, run the following command, replacing <CudaInstaller> with the name of this run file:
    sudo <CudaInstaller>.run --silent --driver

Logfile is /var/log/cuda-installer.log

3.安装完成之后添加环境变量，在home目录下，ctrl+H打开隐藏的文件，找到.bashrc，打开添加路径（vi ~/vim .bashrc）

4.完成之后测试官方的例子，一直失败

  ./deviceQuery Starting...

 CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)

cudaGetDeviceCount returned 999
-> unknown error
Result = FAIL

5.只好重新装一遍驱动了。。。。。。。。。。

https://www.jianshu.com/p/8594771c7d5e

Loading new nvidia-495.44 DKMS files...

Building for 4.15.0-162-generic 4.15.0-163-generic

Building for architecture x86_64

Building initial module for 4.15.0-162-generic

Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 4.15.0-162-generic (x86_64)

Consult /var/lib/dkms/nvidia/495.44/build/make.log for more information.

Setting up nvidia-compute-utils-495 (495.44-0ubuntu0.18.04.1) ...

Warning: The home dir /nonexistent you specified can't be accessed: No such file or directory

Adding system user nvidia-persistenced' (UID 121) ... Adding new group nvidia-persistenced' (GID 127) ...

Adding new user nvidia-persistenced' (UID 121) with group nvidia-persistenced' ...

pam_tally2: /var/log/tallylog is either world writable or not a normal file

pam_tally2: Authentication error

useradd: failed to reset the tallylog entry of user "nvidia-persistenced"

Not creating home directory `/nonexistent'.

(哎，可能是上次跑一个程序的时候由于修改了gcc版本，导致安装失败)，接下里重新修改gcc版本。。。。

参考：

https://blog.csdn.net/JerryZhang__/article/details/108865176

https://forum.xanmod.org/thread-3635.html

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install gcc-8
sudo apt-get install g++-8
cd /usr/bin
sudo rm gcc g++
sudo ln -s gcc-8 gcc
sudo ln -s g++-8 g++
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44128857/article/details/108554751

3.修改完gcc版本之后，安装cuda，然后再添加环境变量，最后测试



注意cuda版本需要对应，我截图中版本不同，所以需要将环境变量里面的版本修改为具体安装的版本

4.安装cudnn

安装cudnn

进入https://developer.nvidia.com/cudnn 下载对应的文件夹，解压,

注意：一定要和cuda的版本对应！！！

下载完成后解压并进入文件夹：

sudo cp cuda/include/cudnn.h /usr/local/cuda/include/
sudo cp cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64/
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h
sudo chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*

在终端查看CUDNN版本：

cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2

输出结果：

  #define CUDNN_MAJOR 7
#define CUDNN_MINOR 5
#define CUDNN_PATCHLEVEL 0
--
#define CUDNN_VERSION (CUDNN_MAJOR * 1000 + CUDNN_MINOR * 100 + CUDNN_PATCHLEVEL)

#include "driver_types.h"