Linux上服务的启动，停止和重启

（1）查看所有的服务

[berry@berry:practice] service
Usage: service < option > | --status-all | [ service_name [ command | --full-restart ] ]
[berry@berry:practice] service --status-all
 [ + ]  acpid
 [ - ]  anacron
 [ - ]  apparmor
 [ ? ]  apport
 [ + ]  avahi-daemon
 [ + ]  bluetooth
 [ - ]  brltty
 [ ? ]  console-setup
 [ + ]  cron
 [ + ]  cups
 [ + ]  cups-browsed
 [ - ]  dbus
 [ ? ]  dns-clean
 [ + ]  friendly-recovery
 [ - ]  grub-common
 [ ? ]  irqbalance
 [ + ]  kerneloops
 [ ? ]  killprocs
 [ ? ]  kmod
 [ ? ]  lightdm
 [ ? ]  networking
 [ ? ]  ondemand
 [ ? ]  pppd-dns
 [ - ]  procps
 [ - ]  pulseaudio
 [ ? ]  rc.local
 [ + ]  resolvconf
 [ - ]  rsync
 [ + ]  rsyslog
 [ + ]  saned
 [ ? ]  sendsigs
 [ ? ]  speech-dispatcher
 [ - ]  sudo
 [ ? ]  thermald
 [ - ]  udev
 [ ? ]  umountfs
 [ ? ]  umountnfs.sh
 [ ? ]  umountroot
 [ - ]  unattended-upgrades
 [ - ]  urandom
 [ + ]  vboxadd
 [ + ]  vboxadd-service
 [ - ]  vboxadd-x11
 [ + ]  vpnagentd
 [ - ]  x11-common

可以看出vpnagetd服务是启动起来的。

[berry@berry:practice] ps -elf | grep vpnagentd
 S root                -  futex_ : ?        :: /opt/cisco/anyconnect/bin/vpnagentd
 S berry               -   pipe_w : pts/    :: grep --color=auto vpnagentd
[berry@berry:practice] ps -elf | grep vpnagentd | grep -v berry
 S root                -  futex_ : ?        :: /opt/cisco/anyconnect/bin/vpnagentd

berry那一条是运行当前命令出现的。
查看当前vpnagentd这个服务所占用的端口号和相关ip地址和pid和服务名称

[berry@berry:practice] sudo netstat -anp | grep
tcp               127.0.0.1:         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      /vpnagentd
unix        [ ]         DGRAM                        /vpnagentd  

利用service+服务名称+start/stop/restart对服务进行启动，停止和重启

（1）一种是可以使用service脚本来调度,如:

service 服务名 start

service 服务名 stop

service 服务名 restart

[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd is stopped
[berry@berry:practice] sudo service vpnagentd start
Starting up Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Agent
[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd (pid ) is running
[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd restart
Shutting down Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Agent
Starting up Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Agent
[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd (pid ) is running

（2）一种是直接执行某个服务自己的管理脚本，以vpnagetd服务为例

/etc/init.d/vpnagentd  start

/etc/init.d/vpnagentd stop

/etc/init.d/vpnagentd restart

[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd (pid ) is running
[berry@berry:practice] sudo /etc/init.d/vpnagentd stop
Shutting down Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Agent
[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd is stopped
[berry@berry:practice] sudo /etc/init.d/vpnagentd start
Starting up Cisco AnyConnect Secure Mobility Client Agent
[berry@berry:practice] service vpnagentd status
vpnagentd (pid ) is running
[berry@berry:practice] sudo netstat -anp | grep
tcp               127.0.0.1:         0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      /vpnagentd
unix        [ ]         DGRAM                        /vpnagentd
[berry@berry:practice] 

端口号仍然是29754。