java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityListeners

在使用 Hibernate 进行数据库操作的时候，在启动 Tomcat 服务器后，Console 控制台可能会打印出这样的异常：java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityListeners

一、异常描述：

 严重: Context initialization failed
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name
 'mysessionFactory' defined in class path resource [spring/applicationContext.xml]:
 Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
 javax/persistence/EntityListeners
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1628)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean
 (AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean
 (AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton
 (DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.
 preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:742)
 	at
 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.
 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
 	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh
 (AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
 	at
 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext
 (ContextLoader.java:443)
 	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext
 (ContextLoader.java:325)
 	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized
 (ContextLoaderListener.java:107)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart
 (StandardContext.java:5068)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal
 (StandardContext.java:5584)
 	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:899)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:875)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:652)
 	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1260)
 	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:2002)
 	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
 	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
 	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityListeners
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.reflection.JPAMetadataProvider.getDefaults
 (JPAMetadataProvider.java:96)
 	at
 org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager.getDefaults
 (JavaReflectionManager.java:226)
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1385)
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildMappings(Configuration.java:1375)
 	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory
 (LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:660)
 	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet
 (AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:191)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1687)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1624)
 	... 25 more
 Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.persistence.EntityListeners
 	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass
 (WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1858)
 	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass
 (WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1701)
 	... 33 more
 五月 08, 2017 7:31:51 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
 严重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class
 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name
 'mysessionFactory' defined in class path resource [spring/applicationContext.xml]:
 Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:
 javax/persistence/EntityListeners
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1628)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean
 (AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:555)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean
 (AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton
 (DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
 	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean
 (AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.
 preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:742)
 	at
 org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.
 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
 	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh
 (AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
 	at
 org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext
 (ContextLoader.java:443)
 	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext
 (ContextLoader.java:325)
 	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized
 (ContextLoaderListener.java:107)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart
 (StandardContext.java:5068)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal
 (StandardContext.java:5584)
 	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:147)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:899)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:875)
 	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:652)
 	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1260)
 	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:2002)
 	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
 	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
 	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
 	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
 Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/persistence/EntityListeners
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.reflection.JPAMetadataProvider.getDefaults
 (JPAMetadataProvider.java:96)
 	at
 org.hibernate.annotations.common.reflection.java.JavaReflectionManager.getDefaults
 (JavaReflectionManager.java:226)
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1385)
 	at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildMappings(Configuration.java:1375)
 	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory
 (LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:660)
 	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet
 (AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:191)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1687)
 	at
 org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.
 initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1624)
 	... 25 more
 Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.persistence.EntityListeners
 	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass
 (WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1858)
 	at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass
 (WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1701)
 	... 33 more

二、错误分析：

Hibernate 需要 jpa 支持，检查 WEB-INF/lib 下是否缺少 jpa 的 jar 包 hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar ，

导入即可。