hibernate注解的简单应用

注解代替了我们用的*.hbm.xml文件。简少了我们的代码量；应用简单。

@Override

用途：重写父类的同名方法

单元测试注解

@Test

用途：用于测试

@Before

用途：单测方法走之前执行

@After

用途：单测方法走之后执行

注解的目标：替换小配置。

替换hbm文件

@Entity  :标识实体类（被持久化）

@Table  ：DB层表的名称

@Transient ：不持久化某个属性

@Column：数据表中的字段名

@GenerateValue ：主键生成策略

-----------------关联-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

@OneToMany ：

@ManyToMany

@OneToOne

@JoinColumn

@JoinTable

Hibernate提供了Hibernate Annotations扩展包，使用注解完成映射。

在Hibernate3.3之前，需单独下载注解开发包。

配置持久化类

Hibernate 注解可以替代hbm文件

看完了注解的意思我们用注解配置一对一；（我用的是idea;MyEclipse应该是一样的。）

先看实体类

员工实体类

package cn.curry.entity2;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "Emp2")
public class Emp {

    private Integer eid;
    @Column
    private String ename;

    private Idcard idcard;
    @OneToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "iid")
    public Idcard getIdcard() {
        return idcard;
    }

    public void setIdcard(Idcard idcard) {
        this.idcard = idcard;
    }
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    public Integer getEid() {
        return eid;
    }

    public void setEid(Integer eid) {
        this.eid = eid;
    }

    public String getEname() {
        return ename;
    }

    public void setEname(String ename) {
        this.ename = ename;
    }

}

身份证实体类

package cn.curry.entity2;
import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "Idcard2")
public class Idcard {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer iid;
    private String inum;
    @OneToOne(mappedBy = "idcard",cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    private Emp emp;

    public Integer getIid() {
        return iid;
    }

    public void setIid(Integer iid) {
        this.iid = iid;
    }

    public String getInum() {
        return inum;
    }

    public void setInum(String inum) {
        this.inum = inum;
    }

    public Emp getEmp() {
        return emp;
    }

    public void setEmp(Emp emp) {
        this.emp = emp;
    }
}

然后我们再看hibernate.cfg.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost::orcl</property>
        <property name="connection.username">curry</property>
        <property name="connection.password">curry</property>

        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!--和当前线程绑定 -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!--<mapping resource="cn/curry/entity/Grade.hbm.xml"/>
        <mapping resource="cn/curry/entity/Student.hbm.xml"/>-->
       <!-- 一对一-->
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity2.Emp"/>
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity2.Idcard"/>

       <!-- 一对多双向关联-->
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity3.Emp"/>
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity3.Dept"/>

        <!--多对多双向关联-->
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity4.Game"/>
        <mapping class="cn.curry.entity4.Palyer"/>

    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

最后测试一下

package cn.curry.test;

import cn.curry.entity2.Emp;
import cn.curry.entity2.Idcard;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
public class MyTest2 {
    Session session=null;
    Transaction tx;
    @Before
    public void before(){
        session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
        tx=session.beginTransaction();
    }
    @After
    public void after(){
        tx.commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }
    @Test
    public void testOneToOne(){
        Emp emp=new Emp();
        emp.setEname("熊");

        Idcard idcard=new Idcard();
        idcard.setInum("232325199009092020");
        idcard.setEmp(emp);

        emp.setIdcard(idcard);

        session.save(idcard);
    }
}

　　然后我们看运行结果

接下来我们再看一对多双向关联的配置

我们重新写一个例子，这次我们用员工和部门的列子来说；

首先还是先看实体类，注意看配置，看注解的书写，看每个属性的配置。

这个部门的实体类

package cn.curry.entity3;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name="Dept02")
public class Dept {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer did;
    @Column
    private String dname;
    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "dept",cascade = CascadeType.ALL,fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    private Set<Emp> emps=new HashSet<Emp>();

    public Integer getDid() {
        return did;
    }

    public void setDid(Integer did) {
        this.did = did;
    }

    public String getDname() {
        return dname;
    }

    public void setDname(String dname) {
        this.dname = dname;
    }

    public Set<Emp> getEmps() {
        return emps;
    }

    public void setEmps(Set<Emp> emps) {
        this.emps = emps;
    }
}

这个是员工的实体类

package cn.curry.entity3;

import javax.persistence.*;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "Emp02")
public class Emp {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    private Integer eid;
    @Column
    private String ename;
    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name="did")
    private Dept dept;

    public Integer getEid() {
        return eid;
    }

    public void setEid(Integer eid) {
        this.eid = eid;
    }

    public String getEname() {
        return ename;
    }

    public void setEname(String ename) {
        this.ename = ename;
    }

    public Dept getDept() {
        return dept;
    }

    public void setDept(Dept dept) {
        this.dept = dept;
    }
}

因为我的hibernate.cfg.xml文件已经写好了，可以回看下。

接下来我们看测试类。

package cn.curry.test;

import cn.curry.entity3.Dept;
import cn.curry.entity3.Emp;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
public class MyTest3 {
    Session session=null;
    Transaction tx;
    @Before
    public void before(){
        session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
        tx=session.beginTransaction();
    }
    @After
    public void after(){
        tx.commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }
    @Test
    public void testOneToOne(){
        Dept dept=new Dept();
        dept.setDname("财务部");
        Emp emp=new Emp();
        emp.setEname("熊");

        dept.getEmps().add(emp);
        emp.setDept(dept);

        session.save(dept);
    }
    @Test
    public void select(){
        Dept dept =session.get(Dept.class,);
        System.out.println(dept.getDname());
        System.out.println(dept.getEmps().iterator().next().getEname());

    }
}

然后我们看运行结果

就是这样接下来我们看最后一个例子多对多双向关联。最后一个例子我们拿游戏和玩家来进行举例。

还是先看下实体类。

先看游戏的实体类

package cn.curry.entity4;

import javax.persistence.*;
import javax.swing.text.PlainDocument;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "Game")
public class Game {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE,generator = "sql_Game")
    @SequenceGenerator(name="sql_Game",sequenceName = "sql_Game",allocationSize = ,initialValue = )
    private Integer gid;
    @Column
    private String gname;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinTable(name = "PG",joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name="gid")},inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name="pid")})
    private Set<Palyer> palyerSet=new HashSet<Palyer>();

    public Integer getGid() {
        return gid;
    }

    public void setGid(Integer gid) {
        this.gid = gid;
    }

    public String getGname() {
        return gname;
    }

    public void setGname(String gname) {
        this.gname = gname;
    }

    public Set<Palyer> getPalyerSet() {
        return palyerSet;
    }

    public void setPalyerSet(Set<Palyer> palyerSet) {
        this.palyerSet = palyerSet;
    }
}

再看玩家的实体类

package cn.curry.entity4;

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "Player")
public class Palyer {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE,generator = "sql_Player")
    @SequenceGenerator(name="sql_Player",sequenceName = "sql_Palyer",allocationSize = ,initialValue = )
    private Integer pid;
    @Column
    private String pname;
    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL,mappedBy = "palyerSet")
    private Set<Game> gameSet=new HashSet<Game>();

    public Integer getPid() {
        return pid;
    }

    public void setPid(Integer pid) {
        this.pid = pid;
    }

    public String getPname() {
        return pname;
    }

    public void setPname(String pname) {
        this.pname = pname;
    }

    public Set<Game> getGameSet() {
        return gameSet;
    }

    public void setGameSet(Set<Game> gameSet) {
        this.gameSet = gameSet;
    }
}

最后看一下测试吧

package cn.curry.test;

import cn.curry.entity4.Game;
import cn.curry.entity4.Palyer;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

/**
 * Created by Curry on 2017/2/16.
 */
public class MyTets4 {
    Session session=null;
    Transaction tx;
    @Before
    public void before(){
        session = HibernateUtil.currentSession();
        tx=session.beginTransaction();
    }
    @After
    public void after(){
        tx.commit();
        HibernateUtil.closeSession();
    }
    @Test
    public void testManyToMany(){
        Game game1=new Game();
        game1.setGname("NBA2K17");

        Game game2=new Game();
        game2.setGname("DNF");

        Palyer palyer1=new Palyer();
        palyer1.setPname("熊大");

        Palyer palyer2=new Palyer();
        palyer2.setPname("熊二");

        game1.getPalyerSet().add(palyer1);
        game1.getPalyerSet().add(palyer2);

        game2.getPalyerSet().add(palyer1);
        game2.getPalyerSet().add(palyer2);

        palyer1.getGameSet().add(game1);
        palyer1.getGameSet().add(game2);

        palyer2.getGameSet().add(game1);
        palyer2.getGameSet().add(game2);

        session.save(game1);
        session.save(game2);
    }
}

我们看运行结果

到这里所有例子就写完了。如果有不明白我写的东西，或者觉得那里有问题可以留言交流。

还有idea16的使用也可留言交流下。