OpenStack - liberty CentOS 7
OpenStack私有云部署
Controller Node： em1（10.6.17.11），em2（）
Computer Node： em1（10.6.17.12），em2（）
Block Storage Node： em1（10.6.17.13）
Object Storage Node： em1（10.6.17.14）
1. Controller 修改网络配置
em1 =
IPADDR=10.6.17.11
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.6.17.1
em2 = (HWADDR 与 UUID 不变)
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
Computer 修改网络配置
em1 =
IPADDR=10.6.17.12
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=10.6.17.1
em2 = (HWADDR 与 UUID 不变)
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
2. 修改节点 主机名 方便后续查看
centos 7 使用如下命令修改：
hostnamectl --static set-hostname <主机名>
-----------------------------------------------------
3. 修改 host 文件 四台主机分别修改
vi /etc/hosts
10.6.17.11 controller
10.6.17.12 computer1
10.6.17.13 block1
10.6.17.14 object1
----------------------------------------------------
修改完毕，使用 ping -c 4 openstack.org 以及 controller computer1 block1 object1 是否可以通
4. controller 安装ntp服务!
centos 7 使用 chrony 来做时间服务器.
[root@controller ~]# yum install chrony
##修改配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vi /etc/chrony.conf
server cn.pool.ntp.org iburst
allow 10.6.17.0/24
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable chronyd.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start chronyd.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service
##其他节点 也分别安装 chrony
yum install chrony
##修改 配置文件
vi /etc/chrony.conf
server controller iburst
systemctl enable chronyd.service
systemctl start chronyd.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
##验证时间
[root@controller ~]# chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* news.neu.edu.cn 2 6 17 44 -795us[ -812us] +/- 31ms
[root@computer1 ~]# chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* controller 3 6 17 35 -1007ns[ -300us] +/- 33ms
[root@block1 ~]# chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* controller 3 6 37 5 -8ns[ -385us] +/- 30ms
[root@object1 ~]# chronyc sources
210 Number of sources = 1
MS Name/IP address Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample
===============================================================================
^* controller 3 6 37 6 -707ns[ -548us] +/- 31ms
5. 添加 yum ELPL 源 以及 openstack-liberty 源
# yum install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install centos-release-openstack-liberty
# yum upgrade
# reboot
# yum install python-openstackclient
# yum install openstack-selinux
6. controller 安装 mariadb 数据库
使用 yum 安装，或者使用 源码安装
[root@controller ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server MySQL-python
my.conf 中添加如下配置 以支持 utf8
[mysqld]
...
bind-address = 10.6.17.11
[mysqld]
...
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
init-connect = 'SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server = utf8
# systemctl enable mariadb.service
# systemctl start mariadb.service
7. controller 安装 rabbitMQ 消息队列
[root@controller ~]# yum install rabbitmq-server
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service
## 添加 openstack 用户 （ RABBIT_PASS 替换为 自己的密码 ）
[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS
Creating user "openstack" ...
...done.
## 授权帐号
[root@controller ~]# rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"
Setting permissions for user "openstack" in vhost "/" ...
...done.
二、 配置 Identity service 服务
## 创建 OpenStack Identity service 的 管理员 帐号
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'keystone';
## 创建 管理员 token
[root@controller ~]# openssl rand -hex 10
d22ea88344b5d4fa864f
## 安装openstack-keystone 组件
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi memcached python-memcached
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable memcached.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start memcached.service
## 编辑 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 文件 修改 token
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
#admin_token = ADMIN
修改为 刚才生成的 token
admin_token = d22ea88344b5d4fa864f
[database]
...
connection = mysql://keystone:keystone@controller/keystone
[memcache]
...
servers = localhost:11211
[token]
...
provider = uuid
driver = memcache
[revoke]
...
driver = sql
[DEFAULT]
...
verbose = True
## 同步Identity service 数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone
提示 No handlers could be found for logger "oslo_config.cfg" 但是查看keystone.log 日志，发现已经同步完成。
## 配置 httpd 文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 修改如下：
ServerName controller
## 创建一个 wsgi-keystone.conf 文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi-keystone.conf 内容如下：
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Listen 5000
Listen 35357
<VirtualHost *:5000>
WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
</IfVersion>
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined
<Directory /usr/bin>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:35357>
WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-admin processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}
WSGIProcessGroup keystone-admin
WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-admin
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
WSGIPassAuthorization On
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"
</IfVersion>
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-error.log
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone-access.log combined
<Directory /usr/bin>
<IfVersion >= 2.4>
Require all granted
</IfVersion>
<IfVersion < 2.4>
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</IfVersion>
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
## 启动 httpd
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
## 配置 身份验证 token:
[root@controller ~]# export OS_TOKEN=d22ea88344b5d4fa864f
[root@controller ~]# export OS_URL=http://controller:35357/v3
[root@controller ~]# export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
## 创建API用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create \
> --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identity
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Identity |
| enabled | True |
| id | 528702ea888749d8b91cdf303cbec285 |
| name | keystone |
| type | identity |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 API访问节点
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> identity public http://controller:5000/v2.0
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 6d1d13e2a74940338337e2faeb404291 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 528702ea888749d8b91cdf303cbec285 |
| service_name | keystone |
| service_type | identity |
| url | http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> identity internal http://controller:5000/v2.0
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 1a6e4df9f7fb444f98da5274c4b45916 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 528702ea888749d8b91cdf303cbec285 |
| service_name | keystone |
| service_type | identity |
| url | http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> identity admin http://controller:35357/v2.0
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 08e839319e5143229abc893e413e0dcc |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 528702ea888749d8b91cdf303cbec285 |
| service_name | keystone |
| service_type | identity |
| url | http://controller:35357/v2.0 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 admin 项目
[root@controller ~]# openstack project create --domain default \
> --description "Admin Project" admin
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Admin Project |
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
| is_domain | False |
| name | admin |
| parent_id | None |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 管理员 用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default \
> --password-prompt admin
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 28c24be804a649cb825a8349ca3e6ce3 |
| name | admin |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 管理员 role
[root@controller ~]# openstack role create admin
+-------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------+----------------------------------+
| id | c378be38e9574421a54d90e62ee2d0aa |
| name | admin |
+-------+----------------------------------+
## 关联 管理员用户 到 项目与role 中
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project admin --user admin admin
## 创建 service 项目
[root@controller ~]# openstack project create --domain default \
> --description "Service Project" service
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | Service Project |
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 90b44e1c63104b92a1fadccc2258bbd1 |
| is_domain | False |
| name | service |
| parent_id | None |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 验证账户
编辑 /usr/share/keystone/keystone-dist-paste.ini 文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /usr/share/keystone/keystone-dist-paste.ini
将
[pipeline:public_api]
[pipeline:admin_api]
[pipeline:api_v3]
中的
admin_token_auth 删除
## 清除环境变量
[root@controller ~]# unset OS_TOKEN OS_URL
## 以管理员身份 创建一个 token
[root@controller ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:35357/v3 \
> --os-project-domain-id default --os-user-domain-id default \
> --os-project-name admin --os-username admin --os-auth-type password \
> token issue
Password:
+------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------+----------------------------------+
| expires | 2015-12-03T04:03:34.754196Z |
| id | cba3fce8d9dc4bc7956f3b4aa566051c |
| project_id | 0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
| user_id | 28c24be804a649cb825a8349ca3e6ce3 |
+------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建完成，表示验证通过
## 创建一个 客户端 脚本，方便操作
[root@controller ~]# vim admin-openrc.sh
添加如下环境变量：
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_ID=default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_ID=default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=admin
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
## 导入 脚本，并测试
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# openstack token issue
+------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+------------+----------------------------------+
| expires | 2015-12-03T04:07:26.391998Z |
| id | 24a890cc24b443dc9658a34aba8462d8 |
| project_id | 0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
| user_id | 28c24be804a649cb825a8349ca3e6ce3 |
+------------+----------------------------------+
## 验证通过
三、安装配置 image server
## 创建并导入数据库
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE glance;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'glance';
## 导入 脚本 创建用户
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
## 创建 glance 用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 19121c440d77403e8b66f197381c68e9 |
| name | glance |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
## 关联到 项目 与 admin 用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user glance admin
## 创建 glance 服务
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name glance \
> --description "OpenStack Image service" image
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Image service |
| enabled | True |
| id | bb8f3d6386cb423eb682147cf2b5ab92 |
| name | glance |
| type | image |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 image API
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> image public http://controller:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | ac858877305542679883df3afb974a95 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | bb8f3d6386cb423eb682147cf2b5ab92 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> image internal http://controller:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 290dc30efb6b45c9bb654252aaf8b878 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | bb8f3d6386cb423eb682147cf2b5ab92 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> image admin http://controller:9292
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 04fac23ce557445d92d77ca53cf4c620 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | bb8f3d6386cb423eb682147cf2b5ab92 |
| service_name | glance |
| service_type | image |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
## 安装配置 glance 相关软件
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-glance python-glance python-glanceclient -y
## 编辑 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[database]
...
connection = mysql://glance:glance@controller/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
[paste_deploy]
...
flavor = keystone
[glance_store]
...
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /opt/glance/images/
[DEFAULT]
...
notification_driver = noop
[DEFAULT]
...
verbose = True
## 编辑 /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf 配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf
[database]
...
connection = mysql://glance:glance@controller/glance
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = glance
[paste_deploy]
...
flavor = keystone
[DEFAULT]
...
notification_driver = noop
[DEFAULT]
...
verbose = True
## 同步 glance 数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance
## 启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service \
> openstack-glance-registry.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service \
> openstack-glance-registry.service
## 验证 glance 服务
添加一个环境变量到 脚本中
[root@controller ~]# echo "export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2" \
> | tee -a admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
## 下载一个测试镜像
wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img
## 上传镜像到 服务中
[root@controller ~]# glance image-create --name "cirros" \
> --file cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img \
> --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \
> --visibility public --progress
[=============================>] 100%
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
| checksum | ee1eca47dc88f4879d8a229cc70a07c6 |
| container_format | bare |
| created_at | 2015-12-03T05:05:33Z |
| disk_format | qcow2 |
| id | 3846ec1a-ad85-4b4d-88d9-17f2374ed41d |
| min_disk | 0 |
| min_ram | 0 |
| name | cirros |
| owner | 0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
| protected | False |
| size | 13287936 |
| status | active |
| tags | [] |
| updated_at | 2015-12-03T05:05:33Z |
| virtual_size | None |
| visibility | public |
+------------------+--------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# glance image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| ID | Name |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| 3846ec1a-ad85-4b4d-88d9-17f2374ed41d | cirros |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
四、安装配置 Computer server
## 添加数据库 与 用户
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'nova';
## 创建 nova 用户
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 05dfb9b8091b4d708455281540a030d1 |
| name | nova |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
## 关联 到 role
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin
## 创建 nova service
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name nova \
> --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute |
| enabled | True |
| id | 1f73377bd0bc4f208ca6c904a71e6279 |
| name | nova |
| type | compute |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 Compute service API
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> compute public http://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | b545b7bd81ed4b64b559b905dd3b4532 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 1f73377bd0bc4f208ca6c904a71e6279 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> compute internal http://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 5b23e9f26e094f8f99a4416a085b6fc8 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 1f73377bd0bc4f208ca6c904a71e6279 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> compute admin http://controller:8774/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 77638cfde23049cd9bf1c06347385562 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 1f73377bd0bc4f208ca6c904a71e6279 |
| service_name | nova |
| service_type | compute |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
## controller 安装软件
[root@computer1 ~]# yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-cert \
> openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console \
> openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler \
> python-novaclient
## 编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf 配置文件
[database]
...
connection = mysql://nova:nova@controller/nova
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
my_ip = 10.6.17.11
auth_strategy = keystone
network_api_class = nova.network.neutronv2.api.API
security_group_api = neutron
linuxnet_interface_driver = nova.network.linux_net.NeutronLinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
verbose = True
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[glance]
...
host = controller
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
## 同步数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
## 启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \
> openstack-nova-cert.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
> openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service \
> openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \
> openstack-nova-cert.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service \
> openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service \
> openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
## 安装配置 计算机节点 Compute 节点
yum install openstack-nova-compute sysfsutils
## 编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 10.6.17.12
network_api_class = nova.network.neutronv2.api.API
security_group_api = neutron
linuxnet_interface_driver = nova.network.linux_net.NeutronLinuxBridgeInterfaceDriver
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
verbose = True
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[glance]
...
host = controller
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp
## 查看否支持 虚拟化 大于0 表示支持, 大于0 不需要添加配置支持
[root@computer1 ~]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo
8
## 如果 硬件不支持虚拟化 则添加虚拟化支持
[root@computer1 ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
[libvirt]
...
virt_type = qemu
## 启动服务
[root@computer1 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
[root@computer1 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
## 验证 服务
[root@controller ~]# nova service-list
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Id | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| 1 | nova-consoleauth | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-12-03T07:06:27.000000 | - |
| 2 | nova-conductor | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-12-03T07:06:27.000000 | - |
| 5 | nova-cert | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-12-03T07:06:27.000000 | - |
| 6 | nova-scheduler | controller | internal | enabled | up | 2015-12-03T07:06:27.000000 | - |
| 7 | nova-compute | computer1 | nova | enabled | up | 2015-12-03T07:06:31.000000 | - |
+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova endpoints
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | 5b23e9f26e094f8f99a4416a085b6fc8 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | 77638cfde23049cd9bf1c06347385562 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| nova | Value |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | b545b7bd81ed4b64b559b905dd3b4532 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:8774/v2/0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372 |
+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | 08e839319e5143229abc893e413e0dcc |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:35357/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | 1a6e4df9f7fb444f98da5274c4b45916 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| keystone | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | 6d1d13e2a74940338337e2faeb404291 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:5000/v2.0 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | 04fac23ce557445d92d77ca53cf4c620 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | 290dc30efb6b45c9bb654252aaf8b878 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| glance | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| id | ac858877305542679883df3afb974a95 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| url | http://controller:9292 |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova image-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| 3846ec1a-ad85-4b4d-88d9-17f2374ed41d | cirros | ACTIVE | |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
五、安装配置 Network server
## 添加数据库、用户
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE neutron;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'neutron';
## 添加 openstack 用户
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 04b2950e0b96451494a4391c5c7bcd2e |
| name | neutron |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin
## 添加 neutron service
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name neutron \
> --description "OpenStack Networking" network
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Networking |
| enabled | True |
| id | b9ca3cbea4df4966bbfff153e676d404 |
| name | neutron |
| type | network |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 添加 network server API
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> network public http://controller:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | e741a15b8f4f424d8ac605083d079911 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | b9ca3cbea4df4966bbfff153e676d404 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://controller:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> network internal http://controller:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | ba9df6bd296f4f42bd24588b292ed54b |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | b9ca3cbea4df4966bbfff153e676d404 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://controller:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> network admin http://controller:9696
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | ba86430058a243da8c50ab9d42178eab |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | b9ca3cbea4df4966bbfff153e676d404 |
| service_name | neutron |
| service_type | network |
| url | http://controller:9696 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
## 安装配置 network 软件 ( 我这里选择的是 Networking Option 1: Provider networks 这种网络方式 )
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 \
> openstack-neutron-linuxbridge python-neutronclient ebtables ipset
## 修改配置文件 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[database]
...
connection = mysql://neutron:neutron@controller/neutron
[DEFAULT]
...
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins =
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = True
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = True
nova_url = http://controller:8774/v2
verbose = True
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
## 检查 [keystone_authtoken] 下面配置，注释掉其他所有的选项只使用下面
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
[nova]
...
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
## 配置 Layer 2 (ML2) 插件
编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini 配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]
...
type_drivers = flat,vlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge
extension_drivers = port_security
[ml2_type_flat]
...
flat_networks = public
[securitygroup]
...
enable_ipset = True
## 配置Linux bridge
编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 配置文件
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = public:em2
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = False
[agent]
...
prevent_arp_spoofing = True
[securitygroup]
...
enable_security_group = True
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
## 配置 DHCP 服务
编辑 /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.BridgeInterfaceDriver
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = True
verbose = True
## 配置 metadata 服务
编辑 /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini 配置文件 注释掉 [DEFAULT] 下面的选项，添加如下选项
[metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET # METADATA_SECRET 替换为自己的密码 ]
[DEFAULT]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_region = RegionOne
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
nova_metadata_ip = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata
verbose = True
## 配置 Networking 服务
编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf 配置文件
[metadata_proxy_shared_secret = METADATA_SECRET # METADATA_SECRET 替换为自己的密码 ]
[neutron]
...
url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
service_metadata_proxy = True
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = metadata
## 创建一些链接
[root@controller ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
## 同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \
> --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron
INFO [alembic.runtime.migration] Context impl MySQLImpl.
........
OK
## 重启 api 服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
## 启动 network 服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable neutron-server.service \
> neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
> neutron-metadata-agent.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start neutron-server.service \
> neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \
> neutron-metadata-agent.service
## 配置 Compute 节点的 network 服务
## 安装 network 软件
[root@computer1 ~]# yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset
## 编辑 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 配置文件
注释掉 [database] 部分的所有选项，计算节点 不连接 数据库
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
verbose = True
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
注释掉 [keystone_authtoken] 其他部分的选项。
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp
## 安装 network 服务
## 配置 Linux bridge 服务
编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini 配置文件
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = public:em2
[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = False
[agent]
...
prevent_arp_spoofing = True
[securitygroup]
...
enable_security_group = True
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver
## 配置 Networking 服务
## 编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf 配置文件
[neutron]
...
url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = neutron
## 配置链接， 并启动服务
[root@computer1 ~]# ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini
[root@computer1 ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service
[root@computer1 ~]# systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
[root@computer1 ~]# systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
## 最后 验证服务
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# neutron ext-list
+-----------------------+--------------------------+
| alias | name |
+-----------------------+--------------------------+
| flavors | Neutron Service Flavors |
| security-group | security-group |
| dns-integration | DNS Integration |
| net-mtu | Network MTU |
| port-security | Port Security |
| binding | Port Binding |
| provider | Provider Network |
| agent | agent |
| quotas | Quota management support |
| subnet_allocation | Subnet Allocation |
| dhcp_agent_scheduler | DHCP Agent Scheduler |
| rbac-policies | RBAC Policies |
| external-net | Neutron external network |
| multi-provider | Multi Provider Network |
| allowed-address-pairs | Allowed Address Pairs |
| extra_dhcp_opt | Neutron Extra DHCP opts |
+-----------------------+--------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# neutron agent-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| id | agent_type | host | alive | admin_state_up | binary |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
| 3083cb45-f248-4de5-828e-38d9bc961814 | Linux bridge agent | controller | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |
| 3b2564c7-e797-4e20-a257-166ade425655 | Linux bridge agent | computer1 | :-) | True | neutron-linuxbridge-agent |
| b61a8667-416d-4ed5-b14d-87d568bab59f | Metadata agent | controller | :-) | True | neutron-metadata-agent |
| f87d6cc0-4277-4259-96ed-638294503236 | DHCP agent | controller | :-) | True | neutron-dhcp-agent |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------+----------------+---------------------------+
六、安装配置 dashboard
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-dashboard -y
## 编辑/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings 配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]
CACHES = {
'default': {
'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
'LOCATION': '127.0.0.1:11211',
}
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
## 启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable httpd.service memcached.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service
## 验证服务
浏览器 访问 http://controller/dashboard
帐号密码为 admin
七、 安装配置 Block Storage service
控制端
## 添加数据库
[root@controller ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'cinder';
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' \
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'cinder';
## 添加 openstack cinder用户
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 212ced82b0a844f099a80a712786740c |
| name | cinder |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin
## 添加 cinder v2 service 服务
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinder \
> --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volume
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage |
| enabled | True |
| id | 6af1b2a1843f42058b03368960ae6b09 |
| name | cinder |
| type | volume |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 \
> --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage |
| enabled | True |
| id | 3e42f0d7868745579ce658d88eef4c67 |
| name | cinderv2 |
| type | volumev2 |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 添加 Block Storage service API
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volume public http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 14ee6bd40f08489bb314e5cc5fa39a80 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 6af1b2a1843f42058b03368960ae6b09 |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://controller:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volume internal http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 5895f13f971a4ee390ef104ddbe7422b |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 6af1b2a1843f42058b03368960ae6b09 |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://controller:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volume admin http://controller:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | e4993535c6504f95862cab4f7ab7cccb |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 6af1b2a1843f42058b03368960ae6b09 |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://controller:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 8696e7142c17488e973c653713c14379 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 3e42f0d7868745579ce658d88eef4c67 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | da6b9e902a4d413dadd951ec751b1082 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 3e42f0d7868745579ce658d88eef4c67 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 0cfa27d0a5b946e8b35901d242ac165f |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 3e42f0d7868745579ce658d88eef4c67 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+-----------------------------------------+
## 安装以及配置
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-cinder python-cinderclient -y
## 编辑 /etc/cinder/cinder.conf 配置文件
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
[database]
...
connection = mysql://cinder:cinder@controller/cinder
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 10.6.17.11
verbose = True
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
注释掉 [keystone_authtoken] 其他部分的选项。添加如下内容：
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = cinder
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
## 同步数据库
[root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
## 编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf 配置文件
[cinder]
os_region_name = RegionOne
## 启动服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
## Storage 节点操作
## 安装软件
[root@block1 ~]# yum install lvm2
## 启动 LVM2 服务
[root@block1 ~]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
[root@block1 ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
## 创建分区
[root@block1 ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda：599.6 GB, 599550590976 字节，1170997248 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000e0185
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 211814399 104857600 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 211814400 211830783 8192 82 Linux swap / Solaris
## 使用 parted 软件，查看分区
[root@block1 ~]# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 3.1
使用 /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: Dell Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 600GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system 标志
1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary xfs 启动
2 1075MB 108GB 107GB primary xfs
3 108GB 108GB 8389kB primary linux-swap(v1)
## 使用 parted 软件, 创建分区
(parted) mkpart primary 108GB 208GB
(parted) p
Model: Dell Virtual Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 600GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system 标志
1 1049kB 1075MB 1074MB primary xfs 启动
2 1075MB 108GB 107GB primary xfs
3 108GB 108GB 8389kB primary linux-swap(v1)
4 108GB 208GB 99.5GB primary
[root@block1 ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda：599.6 GB, 599550590976 字节，1170997248 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000e0185
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 211814399 104857600 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 211814400 211830783 8192 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda4 211830784 406249471 97209344 83 Linux
[root@block1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda4
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created
[root@block1 ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sda4
Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
## 编辑 /etc/lvm/lvm.conf 配置文件，添加分区
devices {
...
filter = [ "a/sda4/", "r/.*/"]
## 安装 openstack 软件
[root@block1 ~]# yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-oslo-policy -y
## 编辑 /etc/cinder/cinder.conf 配置文件
[database]
...
connection = mysql://cinder:cinder@controller/cinder
[DEFAULT]
...
rpc_backend = rabbit
auth_strategy = keystone
my_ip = 10.6.17.13
enabled_backends = lvm
glance_host = controller
verbose = True
volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
volume_group = cinder-volumes
iscsi_protocol = iscsi
iscsi_helper = lioadm
[oslo_messaging_rabbit]
...
rabbit_host = controller
rabbit_userid = openstack
rabbit_password = openstack
# 注释掉[keystone_authtoken]下其他所有的选项 只使用下面
[keystone_authtoken]
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = cinder
password = cinder
[oslo_concurrency]
...
lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp
## 启动 服务
[root@block1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[root@block1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
## 验证服务
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# cinder service-list
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason |
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| cinder-scheduler | controller | nova | enabled | up | 2015-12-04T07:35:57.000000 | - |
| cinder-volume | block1@lvm | nova | enabled | up | 2015-12-04T07:36:03.000000 | - |
+------------------+------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
八、 安装配置 Object Storage 服务
## 创建 openstack 帐号
[root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt swift
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 7a2915af03464268ab80ef732aa5ba93 |
| name | swift |
+-----------+----------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user swift admin
## 创建 swift service
[root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name swift \
> --description "OpenStack Object Storage" object-store
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Object Storage |
| enabled | True |
| id | f7b97bc04bd24d67b12694bb3004843b |
| name | swift |
| type | object-store |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
## 创建 Object Storage service API
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> object-store public http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | f8d7a017753947d981e0f42aa5fe4bde |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f7b97bc04bd24d67b12694bb3004843b |
| service_name | swift |
| service_type | object-store |
| url | http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> object-store internal http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 6d125e48860b4f948300b412f744b23f |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f7b97bc04bd24d67b12694bb3004843b |
| service_name | swift |
| service_type | object-store |
| url | http://controller:8080/v1/AUTH_%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne \
> object-store admin http://controller:8080/v1
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | cdbea58743c946cca41c98682ea98793 |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f7b97bc04bd24d67b12694bb3004843b |
| service_name | swift |
| service_type | object-store |
| url | http://controller:8080/v1 |
+--------------+----------------------------------+
## 安装配置软件
[root@controller ~]# yum install openstack-swift-proxy python-swiftclient \
> python-keystoneclient python-keystonemiddleware \
> memcached
## 下载swift配置文件
[root@controller ~]# curl -o /etc/swift/proxy-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/proxy-server.conf-sample?h=stable/liberty
##编辑 /etc/swift/proxy-server.conf 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
bind_port = 8080
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = catch_errors gatekeeper healthcheck proxy-logging cache container_sync bulk ratelimit authtoken keystoneauth container-quotas account-quotas slo dlo versioned_writes proxy-logging proxy-server
[app:proxy-server]
use = egg:swift#proxy
...
account_autocreate = true
[filter:keystoneauth]
use = egg:swift#keystoneauth
...
operator_roles = admin,user
#注释掉[filter:authtoken] 其他所有的选项只使用下面
[filter:authtoken]
paste.filter_factory = keystonemiddleware.auth_token:filter_factory
...
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_plugin = password
project_domain_id = default
user_domain_id = default
project_name = service
username = swift
password = swift
delay_auth_decision = true
[filter:cache]
use = egg:swift#memcache
...
memcache_servers = 127.0.0.1:11211
## Object storage 节点配置
## 安装配置软件
[root@object1 ~]# yum install xfsprogs rsync -y
[root@object1 ~]# fdisk -l
磁盘 /dev/sda：599.6 GB, 599550590976 字节，1170997248 个扇区
Units = 扇区 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
扇区大小(逻辑/物理)：512 字节 / 512 字节
I/O 大小(最小/最佳)：512 字节 / 512 字节
磁盘标签类型：dos
磁盘标识符：0x000bbc86
设备 Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 204802047 102400000 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 204802048 221186047 8192000 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 221186048 611327999 195070976 83 Linux
/dev/sda4 611328000 1170997247 279834624 83 Linux
[root@object1 ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sda3
[root@object1 ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sda4
[root@object1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/node/sda3
[root@object1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/node/sda4
## 编辑 /etc/fstab 让系统启动自动加载
/dev/sda3 /opt/node/sda3 xfs noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 2
/dev/sda4 /opt/node/sda4 xfs noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,logbufs=8 0 2
## 挂载硬盘
[root@object1 ~]# mount -a
[root@object1 ~]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda1 98G 1.2G 97G 2% /
devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 7.8G 8.4M 7.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda3 186G 33M 186G 1% /opt/node/sda3
/dev/sda4 267G 33M 267G 1% /opt/node/sda4
## 编辑 /etc/rsyncd.conf 配置文件
[root@object1 ~]# vim /etc/rsyncd.conf
--------------------------------------------------------
uid = swift
gid = swift
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log
pid file = /var/run/rsyncd.pid
address = 10.6.17.14
[account]
max connections = 2
path = /opt/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/account.lock
[container]
max connections = 2
path = /opt/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/container.lock
[object]
max connections = 2
path = /opt/node/
read only = false
lock file = /var/lock/object.lock
--------------------------------------------------------
## 启动服务
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl start rsyncd.service
## 安装配置软件
[root@object1 ~]# yum install openstack-swift-account openstack-swift-container \
> openstack-swift-object
## 下载配置文件
[root@object1 ~]# curl -o /etc/swift/account-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/account-server.conf-sample?h=stable/liberty
[root@object1 ~]# curl -o /etc/swift/container-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/container-server.conf-sample?h=stable/liberty
[root@object1 ~]# curl -o /etc/swift/object-server.conf https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/object-server.conf-sample?h=stable/liberty
## 编辑/etc/swift/account-server.conf 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
bind_ip = 10.6.17.14
bind_port = 6002
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /opt/node
mount_check = true
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon account-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
...
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
## 编辑/etc/swift/container-server.conf 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
bind_ip = 10.6.17.14
bind_port = 6001
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /opt/node
mount_check = true
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon container-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
...
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
## 编辑/etc/swift/object-server.conf 配置文件
[DEFAULT]
...
bind_ip = 10.6.17.14
bind_port = 6000
user = swift
swift_dir = /etc/swift
devices = /opt/node
mount_check = true
[pipeline:main]
pipeline = healthcheck recon object-server
[filter:recon]
use = egg:swift#recon
...
recon_cache_path = /var/cache/swift
recon_lock_path = /var/lock
## 授权目录
[root@object1 ~]# chown -R swift:swift /opt/node
## 创建 swift 缓存 目录 cache/swift
[root@object1 ~]# mkdir -p /var/cache/swift
[root@object1 ~]# chown -R swift:swift /var/cache/swift
## 在controller 上创建 ring 帐号
## 创建 account.builder 文件
[root@controller ~]# cd /etc/swift/
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder account.builder create 10 2 1
## 添加 object 节点
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6002 --device sda3 --weight 100
输出：
Device d0r1z1-10.6.17.14:6002R10.6.17.14:6002/sda3_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder account.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6002 --device sda4 --weight 100
输出：
Device d1r1z2-10.6.17.14:6002R10.6.17.14:6002/sda4_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
## 验证ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder account.builder
account.builder, build version 2
1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 2 zones, 2 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
Devices: id region zone ip address port replication ip replication port name weight partitions balance meta
0 1 1 10.6.17.14 6002 10.6.17.14 6002 sda3 100.00 0 -100.00
1 1 2 10.6.17.14 6002 10.6.17.14 6002 sda4 100.00 0 -100.00
# 平衡 ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
.......
Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00. Dispersion is now 0.00
## 创建容器 ring
[root@controller ~]# cd /etc/swift/
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder container.builder create 10 2 1
## 创建存储节点ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6001 --device sda3 --weight 100
输出:
Device d0r1z1-10.6.17.14:6001R10.6.17.14:6001/sda3_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder container.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6001 --device sda4 --weight 100
输出：
Device d1r1z2-10.6.17.14:6001R10.6.17.14:6001/sda4_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
## 验证容器 ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder container.builder
container.builder, build version 2
1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 2 zones, 2 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
Devices: id region zone ip address port replication ip replication port name weight partitions balance meta
0 1 1 10.6.17.14 6001 10.6.17.14 6001 sda3 100.00 0 -100.00
1 1 2 10.6.17.14 6001 10.6.17.14 6001 sda4 100.00 0 -100.00
# 平衡 容器 ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder container.builder rebalance
....
Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00. Dispersion is now 0.00
## 创建 object ring
[root@controller ~]# cd /etc/swift/
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder object.builder create 10 2 1
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 1 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6001 --device sda3 --weight 100
输出：
Device d0r1z1-10.6.17.14:6001R10.6.17.14:6001/sda3_"" with 100.0 weight got id 0
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder object.builder add \
> --region 1 --zone 2 --ip 10.6.17.14 --port 6001 --device sda4 --weight 100
输出：
Device d1r1z2-10.6.17.14:6001R10.6.17.14:6001/sda4_"" with 100.0 weight got id 1
## 验证 object ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder object.builder
object.builder, build version 2
1024 partitions, 3.000000 replicas, 1 regions, 2 zones, 2 devices, 100.00 balance, 0.00 dispersion
The minimum number of hours before a partition can be reassigned is 1
The overload factor is 0.00% (0.000000)
Devices: id region zone ip address port replication ip replication port name weight partitions balance meta
0 1 1 10.6.17.14 6001 10.6.17.14 6001 sda3 100.00 0 -100.00
1 1 2 10.6.17.14 6001 10.6.17.14 6001 sda4 100.00 0 -100.00
## 平衡 object ring
[root@controller swift]# swift-ring-builder object.builder rebalance
...
Reassigned 1024 (100.00%) partitions. Balance is now 0.00. Dispersion is now 0.00
## 查看生成的文件
[root@controller swift]# ls
account.builder backups container-reconciler.conf container-server object.builder object.ring.gz proxy-server.conf
account.ring.gz container.builder container.ring.gz container-server.conf object-expirer.conf proxy-server swift.conf
## 复制 account.ring.gz container.ring.gz object.ring.gz 到 其他 运行 代理服务 的节点/etc/swift 目录中 ，然后启动 openstack-swift-proxy.service 服务
## Object Storage 下载 swift.conf 配置文件
[root@object1 swift]# curl -o /etc/swift/swift.conf \
> https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/swift/plain/etc/swift.conf-sample?h=stable/liberty
## 编辑 /etc/swift/swift.conf 配置文件
[root@object1 swift]# vim /etc/swift/swift.conf
[swift-hash]
...
swift_hash_path_suffix = changeme
swift_hash_path_prefix = changeme
[storage-policy:0]
...
name = Policy-0
default = yes
## 授权 目录
[root@object1 swift]# chown -R root:swift /etc/swift
## 在controller 以及 其他代理节点中 启动 代理服务
[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable openstack-swift-proxy.service memcached.service
[root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-swift-proxy.service memcached.service
## 在 Object Storage 节点中 启动服务
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-swift-account.service openstack-swift-account-auditor.service \
> openstack-swift-account-reaper.service openstack-swift-account-replicator.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-swift-account.service openstack-swift-account-auditor.service \
> openstack-swift-account-reaper.service openstack-swift-account-replicator.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-swift-container.service \
> openstack-swift-container-auditor.service openstack-swift-container-replicator.service \
> openstack-swift-container-updater.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-swift-container.service \
> openstack-swift-container-auditor.service openstack-swift-container-replicator.service \
> openstack-swift-container-updater.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-swift-object.service openstack-swift-object-auditor.service \
> openstack-swift-object-replicator.service openstack-swift-object-updater.service
[root@object1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-swift-object.service openstack-swift-object-auditor.service \
> openstack-swift-object-replicator.service openstack-swift-object-updater.service
## 验证服务
[root@controller ~]# echo "export OS_AUTH_VERSION=3" \
> | tee -a admin-openrc.sh
[root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh
## 查看 swift 状态
[root@controller ~]# swift stat
Account: AUTH_0d1a69b17e444cb3b4884529b6bdb372
Containers: 0
Objects: 0
Bytes: 0
X-Put-Timestamp: 1449222121.42343
X-Timestamp: 1449222121.42343
X-Trans-Id: tx20d0064672a74cd88723f-0056615fe9
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
## 测试 上传 文件
[root@controller ~]# touch FILE
[root@controller ~]# swift upload container1 FILE
OpenStack - liberty CentOS 7的更多相关文章
- [译] OpenStack Liberty 版本中的53个新变化
一个新的秋季,一个新的OpenStack 版本.OpenStack 的第12个版本,Liberty,在10月15日如期交付,而且目前发行版本已经备好了.那么我们期望能从过去六个月时间的开发中获得些什么 ...
- CentOS7.4安装部署openstack [Liberty版] （一）
一.OpenStack简介 OpenStack是一个由NASA(美国国家航空航天局)和Rackspace合作研发并发起的,以Apache许可证授权的自由软件和开放源代码项目. OpenStack是一个 ...
- CentOS7.4安装部署openstack [Liberty版] （二）
继上一篇博客CentOS7.4安装部署openstack [Liberty版] (一),本篇继续讲述后续部分的内容 一.添加块设备存储服务 1.服务简述: OpenStack块存储服务为实例提供块存储 ...
- [OpenStack] [Liberty] Neutron单网卡桥接模式访问外网
环境配置: * Exsi一台 * Exsi创建的单网卡虚拟机一台 * Ubuntu 14LTS 64位操作系统 * OpenStack Liberty版本 * 使用Neutron网络而非Nova网络 ...
- Openstack 使用Centos官方镜像创建实例记录
Openstack 使用Centos官方镜像创建实例记录 准备centos镜像 官方地址:http://cloud.centos.org/centos/7/images 可以看到有各种版本的镜像,我在 ...
- openstack(liberty):部署实验平台（一，基础网络环境搭建）
openstack项目的研究,到今天,算是要进入真实环境了,要部署实验平台了.不再用devstack了.也就是说,要独立controller,compute,storage和network了.要做这个 ...
- openstack(liberty):部署实验平台（三，简单版本软件安装 之cinder，swift）
今天这里追加存储相关的部署,主要是Block和Object,为了看到效果,简单的部署在单节点上,即Block一个节点,Object对应一个节点. 读者可能会觉得我这个图和之前的两个post有点点不同, ...
- ceph 对接openstack liberty
Ceph 准备工作 官方文档:http://docs.ceph.com/docs/master/rbd/rbd-openstack/ 官方中文文档:http://docs.ceph.org.cn/rb ...
- openstack(liberty):部署实验平台（二，简单版本软件安装 part2）
继续前面的part1,将后续的compute以及network部分的安装过程记录完毕! 首先说说compute部分nova的安装. n1.准备工作.创建数据库,配置权限!(密码依旧是openstack ...
随机推荐
- Mishka and Interesting sum
Mishka and Interesting sum time limit per test 3.5 seconds memory limit per test 256 megabytes input ...
- Spring Boot 系列教程7-EasyUI-datagrid
jQueryEasyUI jQuery EasyUI是一组基于jQuery的UI插件集合体,而jQuery EasyUI的目标就是帮助web开发者更轻松的打造出功能丰富并且美观的UI界面.开发者不需要 ...
- iOS xcode工程了解
一个xcode工程默认是在一个主线程的,有需要可以创建分线程 判断是否是主线程: NSThread *thread1=[NSThread currentThread]; if ([red isMain ...
- Swift -> Let & Var 背后编程模式 探讨
简介 Swift中有两种声明“变量”的方式,这两种方式分别使用let和var这两个关键字.这应该是借鉴了Scala,因为它们和Scala的val和var有相同的作用.let被用于声明不变量,var被用 ...
- 网络获取的XML的Pull解析
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> - <students> - <student x ...
- 用python计算md5,sha1,crc32
Linux下计算md5sum,sha1sum,crc: 命令 输出 $md5sum hello f19dd746bc6ab0f0155808c388be8ff0 hello $sha1sum hel ...
- HDU 5323 DFS
DFS Time Limit : 5000/2000ms (Java/Other) Memory Limit : 65536/32768K (Java/Other) Total Submissio ...
- HDU 5833 （2016大学生网络预选赛） Zhu and 772002（高斯消元求齐次方程的秩）
网络预选赛的题目……比赛的时候没有做上,确实是没啥思路,只知道肯定是整数分解,然后乘起来素数的幂肯定是偶数,然后就不知道该怎么办了… 最后题目要求输出方案数,首先根据题目应该能写出如下齐次方程(从别人 ...
- Tomcat 虚拟目录映射
最近老是被一个旧Ant工程所困扰,代码版本都改好了测试也通过了,就是打不了war包,一看build.xml 我的天 各种逆天啊....头大.于是乎想起了最基础的tomcat虚拟目录虽是一个很基础的点, ...
- 转：【WebDriver】封装GET方法来解决页面跳转不稳定的问题
在大多数测试环境中,网络或者测试服务器主机之间并不是永远不出问题的,很多时候一个客户端的一个跳转的请求会因为不稳定的网络或者偶发的其它异常hang死在那里半天不动,直到人工干预动作的出现. ...