mktemp -t -d用法

mktemp命令用于建立暂存文件或者文件夹，帮助文档如下：

Usage: mktemp [OPTION]... [TEMPLATE]

Create a temporary file or directory, safely, and print its name.
TEMPLATE must contain at least 3 consecutive 'X's in last component.
If TEMPLATE is not specified, use tmp.XXXXXXXXXX, and --tmpdir is implied.
Files are created u+rw, and directories u+rwx, minus umask restrictions.

-d, --directory create a directory, not a file
-u, --dry-run do not create anything; merely print a name (unsafe)
-q, --quiet suppress diagnostics about file/dir-creation failure
--suffix=SUFF append SUFF to TEMPLATE; SUFF must not contain a slash.
This option is implied if TEMPLATE does not end in X
-p DIR, --tmpdir[=DIR] interpret TEMPLATE relative to DIR; if DIR is not
specified, use $TMPDIR if set, else /tmp. With
this option, TEMPLATE must not be an absolute name;
unlike with -t, TEMPLATE may contain slashes, but
mktemp creates only the final component
-t interpret TEMPLATE as a single file name component,
relative to a directory: $TMPDIR, if set; else the
directory specified via -p; else /tmp [deprecated]
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit

Linux系统有特殊的目录，专供临时文件使用。Linux使用/tmp目录来存放不需要永久保留的文件。mktemp命令专门用来创建临时文件，并且其创建的临时文件是唯一的。shell会根据mktemp命令创建临时文件，但不会使用默认的umask值（管理权限的）。它会将文件的读写权限分配给文件属主，一旦创建了文件，在shell脚本中就拥有了完整的读写权限，其他人不可访问（除了root）。

用法如下：

linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp abc.XXX
abc.cJD

#默认生成在系统/tmp目录下，生成的文件模板为tmp.XXXXXXXXXX
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp
/tmp/tmp.Yr5NTRV3sj
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp -t
/tmp/tmp.LMEdNCrPJN

#自定义文件模板，并且生成在系统目录下
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp -t abc.XXXXXX
/tmp/abc.wn27Pg

#生成临时目录
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp -d
/tmp/tmp.UuZ8TIdxwa
linux-UMLhEm:/home # file /tmp/tmp.UuZ8TIdxwa/
/tmp/tmp.UuZ8TIdxwa/: directory

#文件模板XXX不能少于3个
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp -d --tmpdir=/home abc.XX
mktemp: too few X's in template ‘abc.XX’

#在指定目录下生成临时文件
linux-UMLhEm:/home # mktemp -d --tmpdir=/home abc.XXX
/home/abc.2i3
linux-UMLhEm:/home #