java 读取Excel文件并数据持久化方法Demo

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.NPOIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DateUtil;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class ReadExcelUtil {

    /**
     *
     * @param inputStream         文件
     * @param fileName            文件名(full name)
     * @param sheetNum            表單序號(不寫表示全部讀取，不建議這樣做)
     * @param flag                建議選擇false(true表示按單元格格式進行讀取數據，false表示所有按String格式讀取)
     * @param r                   開始讀取的行號
     * @param c                   開始讀取的列號
     * @return                    Map<String, List<List<Object>>>
     *                                 String: sheet 的序号
     *                                 List<Object>: 每一行中每一个格子的值组成的数组，为有序 ArrayList
     *                                 List<List<Object>>:  以每一行所有格子的值组成的List为元素，组成新的List，为有序 ArrayList
     */
    public Map<String, List<List<Object>>> readExcel(InputStream inputStream, String fileName, int sheetNum, boolean flag, int r, int c) {
        Workbook wb = getExcelKind(inputStream, fileName);
        Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = readSheet(wb, sheetNum, flag, r, c);
        return map;
    }
    public Map<String, List<List<Object>>> readExcel(InputStream inputStream, String fileName, boolean flag, int r, int c) {
        Workbook wb = getExcelKind(inputStream, fileName);
        Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = readSheet(wb, flag, r, c);
        return map;
    }

    /**
     * 选择sheet（工作表格区间）读取表格，可遍历
     *
     * @param wb
     * @param sheetNum
     * @param flag
     * @param r
     * @param c
     * @return
     */
    public Map<String, List<List<Object>>> readSheet(Workbook wb, int sheetNum, boolean flag, int r, int c) {
        Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<String, List<List<Object>>>();
        int sn = 0;
        for (Sheet sheet : wb) {
            if (sn >= sheetNum) {
                break;
            }
            List<List<Object>> list = readRow(sheet, flag, r, c);
            map.put(wb.getSheetName(sn), list);
            sn++;
        }
        return map;
    }

    public Map<String, List<List<Object>>> readSheet(Workbook wb, boolean flag, int r, int c) {
        Map<String, List<List<Object>>> map = new HashMap<String, List<List<Object>>>();
        int sn = 0;
        for (Sheet sheet : wb) {
            List<List<Object>> list = readRow(sheet, flag, r, c);
　　　　　　　// 以表单的名字为key存储
            map.put(wb.getSheetName(sn), list);
            sn++;
        }
        return map;
    }

    /**
     *  按    行、列    遍历式  读取表格
     *
     * @param sheet
     * @param flag
     * @param r
     * @param c
     * @return List<List<Object>>
     */
    public List<List<Object>> readRow(Sheet sheet, boolean flag, int r, int c) {
        List<List<Object>> list = new ArrayList<List<Object>>();
        for (Row row : sheet) {
            List<Object> olist = new ArrayList<Object>();
            for (Cell cell : row) {
                int rowNum = row.getRowNum();
                int columnIndex = cell.getColumnIndex();
                if (rowNum >= r && columnIndex >= c) {
                    Object obj = readCell(cell, flag);
                    olist.add(obj);
                }
            }
            list.add(olist);
        }
        return list;
    }

    /**
     * 按  格子  读取表格
     * 　　这个方法是根据官方的文档改编的，大致跟官方一样，可是总感觉哪里不舒服
     * @param cell
     * @param flag
     * @return
     */
    public Object readCell(Cell cell, boolean flag) {
        Object obj = null;
        if (flag) {
            switch (cell.getCellType()) {
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
                if (DateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) {
                    obj = cell.getDateCellValue();
                } else obj = cell.getNumericCellValue();
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
                obj = cell.getRichStringCellValue().getString(); break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
                obj = cell.getCellFormula(); break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
　　　　　　　　　// TODO 感觉这里处理的不是很好，应该有一个更好的处理行为才对
                break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
                obj = cell.getBooleanCellValue(); break;
            case Cell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
                obj = "cell ERROR"; break;
            default: break;
            }
        } else obj = cell.toString();
        return obj;
    }

    /**
     * 根据文件后缀名，创建不同的   workbook 的类型
     *
     * @param file
     * @param suffix
     * @return workbook wb
     */
    public Workbook getExcelKind(InputStream file, String fileName) {
        String suffix = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
        // Workbook wb = WorkbookFactory.create(file);  这是为了学习新的方法，才将这句注释掉的。否则，只需要这一句，下面的基本全都可以省略
        Workbook wb = null;
        if (suffix != null && suffix.equals("xlsx")) { // 07+
            try {
                OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(file);
                wb = new XSSFWorkbook(pkg);
                pkg.close();
            } catch (InvalidFormatException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if (suffix != null && suffix.equals("xls")) { // 03-
            try {
                NPOIFSFileSystem fs = new NPOIFSFileSystem(file);
                wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs.getRoot(), true);
                fs.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } else if (suffix == null) {
            return null;
        } else {
            System.out.println("没找到对应的后缀名，检查后再试试呗。");
            return null;
        }
        return wb;
    }

}

只是一个小小的例子，本想着能把这个方法做成普适的，可惜总有几个牛角尖钻不透，智商着急啊。

=====================================第二版=====================================

 import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 import com.vastio.exception.PlatformException;
 import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
 import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.List;

 public class ReadExcelFile {

     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ReadExcelFile.class.getName());

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         String path = "C:\\test.xls";
         System.out.println(readExcel(path));
     }

     /**
      * 读取Excel文件并将数据放到list中
      *
      * @param path 文件的绝对路径
      * @return list
      */
     public static List<List<List<String>>> readExcel(String path) {
         List<List<List<String>>> sheetList = Lists.newArrayList();
         try {
             Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream(path));
             int sheetNum = workbook.getNumberOfSheets(); // sheet数目
             List<List<String>> rowList = Lists.newArrayList();
             for (int i = 0; i < sheetNum; i++) {
                 Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(i);
                 int rowNum = sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); // 总行数
                 for (int r = 0; r < rowNum; r++) {
                     int cellNum = sheet.getRow(r).getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); // 每一行包含的总格子数
                     List<String> cellList = Lists.newArrayList();
                     for (short c = 0; c < cellNum; c++) {
                         Cell cell = sheet.getRow(r).getCell(c);
                         String value;
                         if (cell == null) continue;
                         switch (cell.getCellTypeEnum()) {
                             case FORMULA: // 公式
                                 value = String.valueOf(cell.getCellFormula());
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case NUMERIC: // 数值
                                 value = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case STRING: // 字符串
                                 value = String.valueOf(cell.getStringCellValue());
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case BLANK: // 空白
                                 value = "";
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case BOOLEAN:
                                 value = String.valueOf(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case ERROR:
                                 value = String.valueOf(cell.getErrorCellValue());
                                 cellList.add(value);
                                 break;
                             case _NONE:
                                 value = "error at : " + cell.getAddress();
                                 throw new PlatformException(value); // 自定义的异常类
                             default:
                                 break;
                         }
                     }
                     rowList.add(cellList);
                 }
                 sheetList.add(rowList);
             }
         } catch (IOException e) {
             LOGGER.debug(e.getMessage());
         } catch (InvalidFormatException e) {
             LOGGER.debug(e.getMessage());
         } catch (PlatformException e) {
             LOGGER.debug(e.getMessage());
         }
         return sheetList;
     }
 }

这个是简易版，自定义的成分居多。

需要导入的包有

'org.apache.poi:poi:3.15',
'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:3.15',
'com.github.virtuald:curvesapi:1.04',
'commons-codec:commons-codec:1.10',
'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml-schemas:3.15',
'org.apache.commons:commons-collections4:4.1'

构建工具为gradle。