springMVC源码分析--AbstractUrlHandlerMapping（三）

上一篇博客springMVC源码分析--AbstractHandlerMapping（二）中我们介绍了AbstractHandlerMapping了，接下来我们介绍其子类AbstractUrlHandlerMapping。

在上一篇博客中我们了解到AbstractHandlerMapping提供了一个抽象类getHandlerInternal（HttpServletRequest request），我们首先看看AbstractUrlHandlerMapping中对抽象类getHandlerInternal（HttpServletRequest request）的实现。

//获取Handler，主要是通过url和method的对应关系来查找
	@Override
	protected Object getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		//获取request中的请求链接
		String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);
		//根据链接查找handler
		Object handler = lookupHandler(lookupPath, request);
		if (handler == null) {
			// We need to care for the default handler directly, since we need to
			// expose the PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE for it as well.
			//定义一个变量，保存找到的原始Handler
			Object rawHandler = null;
			if ("/".equals(lookupPath)) {
				rawHandler = getRootHandler();
			}
			if (rawHandler == null) {
				rawHandler = getDefaultHandler();
			}
			if (rawHandler != null) {
				// Bean name or resolved handler?
				//如果是String类型则到容器中查找具体的Bean
				if (rawHandler instanceof String) {
					String handlerName = (String) rawHandler;
					rawHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
				}
				validateHandler(rawHandler, request);
				handler = buildPathExposingHandler(rawHandler, lookupPath, lookupPath, null);
			}
		}
		if (handler != null && logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Mapping [" + lookupPath + "] to " + handler);
		}
		else if (handler == null && logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("No handler mapping found for [" + lookupPath + "]");
		}
		return handler;
	}

从上面的实现方法getHandlerInternal来看，首先是通过lookupHandler方法来查找Handler，这里我们看到了之前说的Map对象，用来存储url和Handler之间的关系，当Handler获取为String时需要从Bean容器中获取注入的实现类，当然在查找过程中也会有模糊匹配等查找过程。

protected Object lookupHandler(String urlPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		// Direct match?
		//直接从map中获取
		Object handler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);
		if (handler != null) {
			// Bean name or resolved handler?
			//如果是String类型则从容器中获取
			if (handler instanceof String) {
				String handlerName = (String) handler;
				handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
			validateHandler(handler, request);
			return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, urlPath, urlPath, null);
		}
		// Pattern match?
		//通过模糊匹配来查找
		List<String> matchingPatterns = new ArrayList<String>();
		for (String registeredPattern : this.handlerMap.keySet()) {
			if (getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern, urlPath)) {
				matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern);
			}
			else if (useTrailingSlashMatch()) {
				if (!registeredPattern.endsWith("/") && getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern + "/", urlPath)) {
					matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern +"/");
				}
			}
		}
		String bestPatternMatch = null;
		//匹配规则
		Comparator<String> patternComparator = getPathMatcher().getPatternComparator(urlPath);
		if (!matchingPatterns.isEmpty()) {
			Collections.sort(matchingPatterns, patternComparator);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Matching patterns for request [" + urlPath + "] are " + matchingPatterns);
			}
			bestPatternMatch = matchingPatterns.get(0);
		}
		if (bestPatternMatch != null) {
			handler = this.handlerMap.get(bestPatternMatch);
			if (handler == null) {
				Assert.isTrue(bestPatternMatch.endsWith("/"));
				handler = this.handlerMap.get(bestPatternMatch.substring(0, bestPatternMatch.length() - 1));
			}
			// Bean name or resolved handler?
			if (handler instanceof String) {
				String handlerName = (String) handler;
				handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
			validateHandler(handler, request);
			String pathWithinMapping = getPathMatcher().extractPathWithinPattern(bestPatternMatch, urlPath);

			// There might be multiple 'best patterns', let's make sure we have the correct URI template variables
			// for all of them
			Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
			for (String matchingPattern : matchingPatterns) {
				if (patternComparator.compare(bestPatternMatch, matchingPattern) == 0) {
					Map<String, String> vars = getPathMatcher().extractUriTemplateVariables(matchingPattern, urlPath);
					Map<String, String> decodedVars = getUrlPathHelper().decodePathVariables(request, vars);
					uriTemplateVariables.putAll(decodedVars);
				}
			}
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("URI Template variables for request [" + urlPath + "] are " + uriTemplateVariables);
			}
			return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, bestPatternMatch, pathWithinMapping, uriTemplateVariables);
		}
		// No handler found...
		return null;
	}

上面两个方法介绍了通过url来查找handlerMap获取handler的操作，AbstractUrlHandlerMapping中也提供了注册url和handler到handlerMap中的操作，具体的调用则要到AbstractUrlHandlerMapping的子类中实现。

//注册url和Bean的map，注册多个string的url到一个处理器中
	protected void registerHandler(String[] urlPaths, String beanName) throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		Assert.notNull(urlPaths, "URL path array must not be null");
		for (String urlPath : urlPaths) {
			registerHandler(urlPath, beanName);
		}
	}

	////注册url和Bean的map,将具体的Handler注入到url对应的map中
	protected void registerHandler(String urlPath, Object handler) throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		Assert.notNull(urlPath, "URL path must not be null");
		Assert.notNull(handler, "Handler object must not be null");
		Object resolvedHandler = handler;

		// Eagerly resolve handler if referencing singleton via name.
		//如果Handler是String类型而且没有设置lazyInitHandlers则从springMVC容器中获取handler
		if (!this.lazyInitHandlers && handler instanceof String) {
			String handlerName = (String) handler;
			if (getApplicationContext().isSingleton(handlerName)) {
				resolvedHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
		}

		Object mappedHandler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);
		if (mappedHandler != null) {
			if (mappedHandler != resolvedHandler) {
				throw new IllegalStateException(
						"Cannot map " + getHandlerDescription(handler) + " to URL path [" + urlPath +
						"]: There is already " + getHandlerDescription(mappedHandler) + " mapped.");
			}
		}
		else {
			if (urlPath.equals("/")) {
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Root mapping to " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
				setRootHandler(resolvedHandler);
			}
			else if (urlPath.equals("/*")) {
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Default mapping to " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
				setDefaultHandler(resolvedHandler);
			}
			else {
				this.handlerMap.put(urlPath, resolvedHandler);
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Mapped URL path [" + urlPath + "] onto " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
			}
		}
	}

通过上面介绍我们知道AbstractUrlHandlerMapping提供的功能就是根据url从handlerMap中获取handler和注册url和handler的对应关系到handlerMap中，当然这个过程中还包含很多其他的操作。

AbstractUrlHandlerMapping的完整源码如下：

public abstract class AbstractUrlHandlerMapping extends AbstractHandlerMapping {

	private Object rootHandler;

	private boolean useTrailingSlashMatch = false;

	private boolean lazyInitHandlers = false;

	private final Map<String, Object> handlerMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();

	public void setRootHandler(Object rootHandler) {
		this.rootHandler = rootHandler;
	}

	public Object getRootHandler() {
		return this.rootHandler;
	}

	public void setUseTrailingSlashMatch(boolean useTrailingSlashMatch) {
		this.useTrailingSlashMatch = useTrailingSlashMatch;
	}

	public boolean useTrailingSlashMatch() {
		return this.useTrailingSlashMatch;
	}

	public void setLazyInitHandlers(boolean lazyInitHandlers) {
		this.lazyInitHandlers = lazyInitHandlers;
	}

	//获取Handler，主要是通过url和method的对应关系来查找
	@Override
	protected Object getHandlerInternal(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		//获取request中的请求链接
		String lookupPath = getUrlPathHelper().getLookupPathForRequest(request);
		//根据链接查找handler
		Object handler = lookupHandler(lookupPath, request);
		if (handler == null) {
			// We need to care for the default handler directly, since we need to
			// expose the PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE for it as well.
			//定义一个变量，保存找到的原始Handler
			Object rawHandler = null;
			if ("/".equals(lookupPath)) {
				rawHandler = getRootHandler();
			}
			if (rawHandler == null) {
				rawHandler = getDefaultHandler();
			}
			if (rawHandler != null) {
				// Bean name or resolved handler?
				//如果是String类型则到容器中查找具体的Bean
				if (rawHandler instanceof String) {
					String handlerName = (String) rawHandler;
					rawHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
				}
				validateHandler(rawHandler, request);
				handler = buildPathExposingHandler(rawHandler, lookupPath, lookupPath, null);
			}
		}
		if (handler != null && logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Mapping [" + lookupPath + "] to " + handler);
		}
		else if (handler == null && logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
			logger.trace("No handler mapping found for [" + lookupPath + "]");
		}
		return handler;
	}

	protected Object lookupHandler(String urlPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
		// Direct match?
		//直接从map中获取
		Object handler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);
		if (handler != null) {
			// Bean name or resolved handler?
			//如果是String类型则从容器中获取
			if (handler instanceof String) {
				String handlerName = (String) handler;
				handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
			validateHandler(handler, request);
			return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, urlPath, urlPath, null);
		}
		// Pattern match?
		//通过模糊匹配来查找
		List<String> matchingPatterns = new ArrayList<String>();
		for (String registeredPattern : this.handlerMap.keySet()) {
			if (getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern, urlPath)) {
				matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern);
			}
			else if (useTrailingSlashMatch()) {
				if (!registeredPattern.endsWith("/") && getPathMatcher().match(registeredPattern + "/", urlPath)) {
					matchingPatterns.add(registeredPattern +"/");
				}
			}
		}
		String bestPatternMatch = null;
		//匹配规则
		Comparator<String> patternComparator = getPathMatcher().getPatternComparator(urlPath);
		if (!matchingPatterns.isEmpty()) {
			Collections.sort(matchingPatterns, patternComparator);
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Matching patterns for request [" + urlPath + "] are " + matchingPatterns);
			}
			bestPatternMatch = matchingPatterns.get(0);
		}
		if (bestPatternMatch != null) {
			handler = this.handlerMap.get(bestPatternMatch);
			if (handler == null) {
				Assert.isTrue(bestPatternMatch.endsWith("/"));
				handler = this.handlerMap.get(bestPatternMatch.substring(0, bestPatternMatch.length() - 1));
			}
			// Bean name or resolved handler?
			if (handler instanceof String) {
				String handlerName = (String) handler;
				handler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
			validateHandler(handler, request);
			String pathWithinMapping = getPathMatcher().extractPathWithinPattern(bestPatternMatch, urlPath);

			// There might be multiple 'best patterns', let's make sure we have the correct URI template variables
			// for all of them
			Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
			for (String matchingPattern : matchingPatterns) {
				if (patternComparator.compare(bestPatternMatch, matchingPattern) == 0) {
					Map<String, String> vars = getPathMatcher().extractUriTemplateVariables(matchingPattern, urlPath);
					Map<String, String> decodedVars = getUrlPathHelper().decodePathVariables(request, vars);
					uriTemplateVariables.putAll(decodedVars);
				}
			}
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("URI Template variables for request [" + urlPath + "] are " + uriTemplateVariables);
			}
			return buildPathExposingHandler(handler, bestPatternMatch, pathWithinMapping, uriTemplateVariables);
		}
		// No handler found...
		return null;
	}

	protected void validateHandler(Object handler, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
	}

	//用于给找到的Handler注册两个拦截器PathExposingHandlerInterceptor和UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor
	//这两个拦截器的的作用是将与当前url实际匹配的Pattern、匹配条件和url模板参数设置到request的属性中
	protected Object buildPathExposingHandler(Object rawHandler, String bestMatchingPattern,
			String pathWithinMapping, Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables) {

		HandlerExecutionChain chain = new HandlerExecutionChain(rawHandler);
		chain.addInterceptor(new PathExposingHandlerInterceptor(bestMatchingPattern, pathWithinMapping));
		if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(uriTemplateVariables)) {
			chain.addInterceptor(new UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor(uriTemplateVariables));
		}
		return chain;
	}

	protected void exposePathWithinMapping(String bestMatchingPattern, String pathWithinMapping, HttpServletRequest request) {
		request.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.BEST_MATCHING_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE, bestMatchingPattern);
		request.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.PATH_WITHIN_HANDLER_MAPPING_ATTRIBUTE, pathWithinMapping);
	}

	protected void exposeUriTemplateVariables(Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables, HttpServletRequest request) {
		request.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.URI_TEMPLATE_VARIABLES_ATTRIBUTE, uriTemplateVariables);
	}

	//注册url和Bean的map，注册多个string的url到一个处理器中
	protected void registerHandler(String[] urlPaths, String beanName) throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		Assert.notNull(urlPaths, "URL path array must not be null");
		for (String urlPath : urlPaths) {
			registerHandler(urlPath, beanName);
		}
	}

	////注册url和Bean的map,将具体的Handler注入到url对应的map中
	protected void registerHandler(String urlPath, Object handler) throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		Assert.notNull(urlPath, "URL path must not be null");
		Assert.notNull(handler, "Handler object must not be null");
		Object resolvedHandler = handler;

		// Eagerly resolve handler if referencing singleton via name.
		//如果Handler是String类型而且没有设置lazyInitHandlers则从springMVC容器中获取handler
		if (!this.lazyInitHandlers && handler instanceof String) {
			String handlerName = (String) handler;
			if (getApplicationContext().isSingleton(handlerName)) {
				resolvedHandler = getApplicationContext().getBean(handlerName);
			}
		}

		Object mappedHandler = this.handlerMap.get(urlPath);
		if (mappedHandler != null) {
			if (mappedHandler != resolvedHandler) {
				throw new IllegalStateException(
						"Cannot map " + getHandlerDescription(handler) + " to URL path [" + urlPath +
						"]: There is already " + getHandlerDescription(mappedHandler) + " mapped.");
			}
		}
		else {
			if (urlPath.equals("/")) {
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Root mapping to " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
				setRootHandler(resolvedHandler);
			}
			else if (urlPath.equals("/*")) {
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Default mapping to " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
				setDefaultHandler(resolvedHandler);
			}
			else {
				this.handlerMap.put(urlPath, resolvedHandler);
				if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
					logger.info("Mapped URL path [" + urlPath + "] onto " + getHandlerDescription(handler));
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private String getHandlerDescription(Object handler) {
		return "handler " + (handler instanceof String ? "'" + handler + "'" : "of type [" + handler.getClass() + "]");
	}

	public final Map<String, Object> getHandlerMap() {
		return Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.handlerMap);
	}

	protected boolean supportsTypeLevelMappings() {
		return false;
	}

	private class PathExposingHandlerInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

		private final String bestMatchingPattern;

		private final String pathWithinMapping;

		public PathExposingHandlerInterceptor(String bestMatchingPattern, String pathWithinMapping) {
			this.bestMatchingPattern = bestMatchingPattern;
			this.pathWithinMapping = pathWithinMapping;
		}

		@Override
		public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {
			exposePathWithinMapping(this.bestMatchingPattern, this.pathWithinMapping, request);
			request.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.INTROSPECT_TYPE_LEVEL_MAPPING, supportsTypeLevelMappings());
			return true;
		}

	}

	private class UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {

		private final Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables;

		public UriTemplateVariablesHandlerInterceptor(Map<String, String> uriTemplateVariables) {
			this.uriTemplateVariables = uriTemplateVariables;
		}

		@Override
		public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {
			exposeUriTemplateVariables(this.uriTemplateVariables, request);
			return true;
		}
	}

}