mysql8.0绿色版安装及mysqldump备份

1、下载mysql绿色版压缩包
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

2、解压到安装目录后，在根目录创建data文件夹

3、把mysql下的bin目录添加到环境变量

4、根目录创建my.ini文件，并拷贝以下代码，并修改basedir和datadir路径

# MySQL Server Instance Configuration File
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Generated by the MySQL Server Instance Configuration Wizard
#
#
# Installation Instructions
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# On Linux you can copy this file to /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options
# (@localstatedir@ for this installation) or to
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# On Windows you should keep this file in the installation directory
# of your server (e.g. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server X.Y). To
# make sure the server reads the config file use the startup option
# "--defaults-file".
#
# To run run the server from the command line, execute this in a
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --defaults-file="D:\GreenSoft\MySQL\my.ini"
#
# To install the server as a Windows service manually, execute this in a
# command line shell, e.g.
# mysqld --install mysql --defaults-file="D:\GreenSoft\MySQL\my.ini"
#
# And then execute this in a command line shell to start the server, e.g.
# net start mysql
#
#
# Guildlines for editing this file
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that the program supports.
# If you want to know the options a program supports, start the program
# with the "--help" option.
#
# More detailed information about the individual options can also be
# found in the manual.
#
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
#
#
# CLIENT SECTION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# The following options will be read by MySQL client applications.
# Note that only client applications shipped by MySQL are guaranteed
# to read this section. If you want your own MySQL client program to
# honor these values, you need to specify it as an option during the
# MySQL client library initialization.
#

[client]
no-beep

# pipe
# socket=0.0
port=

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]

# 这是8..4的新特性 caching_sha2_password，在linux上面使用命宁 mysql -uroot -proot 可以链接，但是使用windows下面的navict链接不成功
default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_password

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
character-set-server = utf8
basedir = D:\Program Files\mysql-8.0.-winx64
datadir = D:\Program Files\mysql-8.0.-winx64\data
port =
server_id = 

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at % of total RAM for dedicated server, else %.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# General and Slow logging.
log-output=FILE
general-log=
general_log_file="CUPID.log"
slow-query-log=
slow_query_log_file="CUPID-slow.log"
long_query_time=

# Binary Logging.
# log-bin

# Error Logging.
log-error="CUPID.err"

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

# 8.0.4版本的时候，用的是这个sql_mode，但在8..11版本中会报错，改成下面那个
# sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
sql-mode="STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"

default-storage-engine=INNODB

innodb_log_file_size = 512M
binlog_format='MIXED'
max_allowed_packet = 1G
# innodb_file_per_table =
# innodb_file_format = Barracuda

# 大小写是否敏感，0敏感 Linux下默认为0， Windows下默认值是 ， MacOS下默认值是 （0敏感）
lower_case_table_names = 

innodb_strict_mode =
max_connections = 

5、mysqld --install   //安装MYSQL服务

6、mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --console     //初始化mysql，并记下临时密码

7、net start mysql   //启动mysql服务

8、SET PASSWORD = '123456';    //修改密码
或者使用   ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

9、CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';  （创建异地登录用户）

例：CREATE USER 'backup'@'10.0.0.2' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';  （用户名为backup,密码123456，只允许10.0.0.2远程登录）

10、GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host';（用户授权）

例：GRANT select，lock tables ON db1.* TO 'backup'@'%';（授权db1数据库的select和lock tables权限给backup用户）

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客户端下使用mysqldump备份

1、下载mysql绿色版，解压后，进入bin目录（客户端可以不用安装服务和初始化）

2、mysqldump -h主机名  -P端口 -u用户名 -p密码  数据库名 > 文件名.sql

mysqldump -h10.0.0.1  -P3310 -ubackup -p123456  db1 > db1.sql （备份db1数据库并保存为db1.sql文件）

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安装mysql过程中，出现过的报错

1、丢失MSVCP140.DLL
解决方法：安装VC++2015运行库

2、安装VC++2015运行库失败
解决方法：控制面板-》Windows更新，更新到最新补丁