动态游标（例如表名作为参数）以及动态SQL分析

表名作为参数的动态游标

DECLARE
   v_table_name VARCHAR2(30) := 'CUX_MES_WIP_BARCODE_MAP';
   --l_rec        SYS_REFCURSOR;
   TYPE t_data IS TABLE OF VARCHAR2(30) INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
   TYPE t_cur IS REF CURSOR;
   l_data       t_data;
   l_rec        t_cur;
   l_cur        VARCHAR2(4000);
   v_fm_barcode VARCHAR2(30) := 'cxy-p-001';
   v_to_barcode VARCHAR2(30) := 'cxy-p-002';
   v_barcode    VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN

   l_cur := 'select barcode from ' || v_table_name || ' where barcode >= ' ||
            ''''||v_fm_barcode||'''' || ' and barcode <= ' ||
            ''''||v_to_barcode || '''';
   dbms_output.put_line(l_cur);
   OPEN l_rec FOR l_cur;
   LOOP
      EXIT WHEN l_rec%NOTFOUND;
      FETCH l_rec BULK COLLECT
         INTO l_data;
      FOR i IN 1 .. l_data.count LOOP

         dbms_output.put_line(l_data(i));
      END LOOP;

   END LOOP;
END;

动态SQL

/*
 1.什么是动态SQL？
 动态SQL是指在运行PL/SQL块时动态输入SQL语句。在PL/SQL块中只能执行DDL（create、alter、drop）、DCL
 （grant、revoke）或比较灵活的SQL语句（如select子句不带where条件）；
 动态SQL的性能不如静态SQL，但是比较灵活；
 在PL/SQL块中编写动态SQL语句时需要将SQL语句存放到字符串变量中而且SQL语句可以包含占位符（以冒号开始）；

2.动态SQL的语法
 2.1 使用execute immediate语句
 可以处理多数动态SQL操作如：DDL语句(create、alter、drop)、DML语句(insert、update、delete)、DCL(grant、revoke)
 以及单行的select子句；但是不能处理多行查询语句。

2.2 使用open...for，fetch和close语句

在游标中使用。

2.3 使用批量动态SQL语句

*/

---------------------------------------------------------------
 ***************************************************************
 1. 使用execute immediate

---------------------------------------------------------------
 1.1 使用execute immediate处理DDL语句
 ---------------------------------------------------------------

--案例01：使用execute immediate处理DDL语句--create

declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table ' ||'&table_name' ||'(sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 end;

--案例02：使用execute immediate处理DDL语句---alter

declare
 alter_table  varchar2(200);
 begin
 alter_table:='alter table &target_table_name modify &column_name varchar2(10)';
 execute  immediate alter_table  ;
 end;

--案例03：使用execute immediate处理DDL语句---drop

declare
 drop_table  varchar2(200);
 begin
 drop_table:='drop table ' ||'&target_table_name';
 execute  immediate drop_table  ;
 end;

--案例04：使用execute immediate处理DDL语句--drop table

create or replace procedure drop_table (table_name varchar2)
 is
sql_sta varchar2(200);
 begin
 sql_sta:='drop table ' ||table_name;
 execute immediate sql_sta;
 end;

--调用方法：
 exec drop_table('accp');

--案例05：使用execute immediate处理DDL语句--create+select
 declare
 select_sta varchar2(200);
 emp_rec emp%rowtype;
 begin
 execute immediate
 'create table sodi(sid int, sno int)';
 select_sta:='select * from emp where empno=:id';
 execute  immediate select_sta  into emp_rec using &1;   /*使用占位符时，这个占位符是在引号内使用的*/
 end;

---------------------------------------------------------
 1.2 使用execute immediate处理DCL语句
 ----------------------------------------------------------

--案例01:使用execute immediate处理DCL语句--grant

create or replace procedure grant_priv(priv varchar2, username varchar2)
 is
 priv_stat varchar2(200);
 begin
 priv_stat:=' grant '|| priv || ' to ' || username; --注意字符串和连接符之间的空格
 execute immediate priv_stat;
 end;

--调用方法
  exec grant_priv('create session', 'scott');

--案例02:使用execute immediate处理DCL语句--revoke

create or replace procedure revoke_priv(priv varchar2, username varchar2)
 is
 priv_stat varchar2(200);
 begin
 priv_stat:=' revoke '|| priv || ' from ' || username; --注意字符串和连接符之间的空格
 execute immediate priv_stat;
 end;

--调用方法
  exec revoke_priv('create session', 'scott');

----------------------------------------------------------------
 1.3.使用execute immediate处理DML语句
 ----------------------------------------------------------------

1.处理无占位符和return子句的DML语句

--案例01：查询子句:select

declare
 sql_stat varchar2(100);
 begin
 sql_stat:='select * from emp';
 execute immediate sql_stat;
 end;

--案例02：处理无占位符和return子句的DML语句--insert
 declare
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 end;

--案例03：处理无占位符和return子句的DML语句--update
 declare
 update_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 update_table:='update &table_name set &column_name=&new_value ';
 execute immediate update_table;
 end;

--案例06:处理无占位符和return子句的DML语句--delete
 declare
 delete_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 delete_table:='delete from  &table_name  ';
 execute immediate delete_table;
 end;

--案例05：新建一个表然后插入数据--create+insert

declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name(sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 end;

declare
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 end;

--案例06：同时实现新建一个表并插入数据--create+insert

declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 end;

--案例07：同时实现新建一个表并插入数据--create+insert+update
 /*
 这里也可以分开写

*/

declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 update_table:='update &table_name set &column_name=&new_value where sid=&old_value';
 execute immediate update_table;
 end;

--案例08：同时实现新建一个表并插入数据--create+insert+update+delete
 declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 delete_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 update_table:='update &table_name set &column_name=&new_value where sid=&old_value';
 execute immediate update_table;
 delete_table:='delete from &delete_tablename';
 execute immediate delete_table;
 end;

--案例08：同时实现新建一个表并插入数据--create+insert+update+delete+insert
 declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 delete_table varchar2(200);
 re_insert_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &table_name values (&sid, &sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table;
 update_table:='update &table_name set &column_name=&new_value where sid=&old_value';
 execute immediate update_table;
 delete_table:='delete from &delete_tablename';
 execute immediate delete_table;
 re_insert_table:='insert into &re_table_name values (&new_sid, &new_sno)';
 execute immediate re_insert_table;
 end;

2.处理占位符的DML语句

--案例01：处理占位符的DML语句:create+insert
 declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table using  &2,&3;
 end;

--案例02：处理占位符的DML语句:create+insert_update
 declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table using  &1,&2;
 update_table:='update &update_tablename set &update_column_name=:new_value where &condition_column=:old_value ';
 execute immediate update_table using &3 ,&4;
 end;

---or
 declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &新建的表名 (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;
 insert_table:='insert into &插入数据的表名 values (:sid, :sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table using  &sid的值 ,&sno的值;
 update_table:='update &被更新的表名 set &更新的列名=:new_value where &条件列=:old_value ';
 execute immediate update_table using &新值 ,&条件列的值;
 end;

--案例03:处理占位符的DML语句:create+update+insert+delete

declare
 create_table  varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 delete_table varchar2(200);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute  immediate create_table  ;

insert_table:='insert into &target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table using  &1,&2;

update_table:='update &update_tablename set &update_column_name=:new_value where &update_condition_column=:delete_condition_column_value ';
 execute immediate update_table using &3 ,&4;

delete_table:='delete from &dele_table_name where &delete_condition_column=:delete_condition_column_value';
 execute immediate delete_table using &5;
 end;

---执行过程：
 SQL> declare
   2  create_table  varchar2(200);
   3  insert_table varchar2(200);
   4  update_table varchar2(200);
   5  delete_table varchar2(200);
   6  begin
   7  create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
   8  execute  immediate create_table  ;
   9
  10  insert_table:='insert into &target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
  11  execute immediate insert_table using  &1,&2;
  12
  13  update_table:='update &update_tablename set &update_column_name=:new_value
 where &update_condition_column=:delete_condition_column_value ';
  14  execute immediate update_table using &3 ,&4;
  15
  16  delete_table:='delete from &dele_table_name where &delete_condition_column=
 :delete_condition_column_value';
  17  execute immediate delete_table using &5;
  18  end;
  19  /
 输入 table_name 的值:  sz
 原值    7: create_table:='create table &table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 新值    7: create_table:='create table sz (sid int, sno int)';
 输入 target_table_name 的值:  sz
 原值   10: insert_table:='insert into &target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
 新值   10: insert_table:='insert into sz values (:sid, :sno)';
 输入 1 的值:  101
 输入 2 的值:  201
 原值   11: execute immediate insert_table using  &1,&2;
 新值   11: execute immediate insert_table using  101,201;
 输入 update_tablename 的值:  sz
 输入 update_column_name 的值:  sid
 输入 update_condition_column 的值:  sno
 原值   13: update_table:='update &update_tablename set &update_column_name=:new_
 value where &update_condition_column=:delete_condition_column_value ';
 新值   13: update_table:='update sz set sid=:new_value where sno=:delete_conditi
 on_column_value ';
 输入 3 的值:  1001
 输入 4 的值:  201
 原值   14: execute immediate update_table using &3 ,&4;
 新值   14: execute immediate update_table using 1001 ,201;
 输入 dele_table_name 的值:  sz
 输入 delete_condition_column 的值:  sno
 原值   16: delete_table:='delete from &dele_table_name where &delete_condition_c
 olumn=:delete_condition_column_value';
 新值   16: delete_table:='delete from sz where sno=:delete_condition_column_valu
 e';
 输入 5 的值:  201
 原值   17: execute immediate delete_table using &5;
 新值   17: execute immediate delete_table using 201;

PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。

SQL> select * from sz;

未选定行

3.处理包含returning子句的DML语句

--案例01：处理包含returning子句的DML语句--create+insert+update
 declare
 create_table varchar2(200);
 insert_table varchar2(200);
 update_table varchar2(200);
 res varchar2(100);
 begin
 create_table:='create table &new_table_name (sid int, sno int)';
 execute immediate create_table;
 insert_table:='insert into &insert_target_table_name values (:sid, :sno)';
 execute immediate insert_table using &1,&2 ;
 update_table:='update &update_target_table_name set &udpate_column_name=:new_value where &condition_column_name=:old_value  returning &returning_name into :res';
 execute immediate update_table using &3,&4
 returning into res;
 dbms_output.put_line('the result is : ' ||res);
 end;