SpringCloud服务消费有哪几种方式？
一、使用LoadBalancerClient
LoadBalancerClient接口的命名中，可以看出这是一个负载均衡客户端的抽象定义，spring提供了一个实现
org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonLoadBalancerClient
1、pom.xml
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring boot test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、application.yml
server:
#服务端口号
port: 8080
spring:
application:
#服务名称
name: vis-basic-report
thymeleaf:
cache: false
cloud:
consul:
host: 192.168.12.125
port: 8500
discovery:
#是否需要注册到consul中
register: true
#服务地址直接为IP地址
hostname: 192.168.12.1
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
3、启动类
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import com.netflix.hystrix.contrib.metrics.eventstream.HystrixMetricsStreamServlet;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class ReportServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ReportServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
4、相关实现类
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.City;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.WeatherResponse;
public interface WeatherReportService {
// 根据城市ID同步天气
WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId);
// 根据城市name同步天气
WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName);
// 获取所有城市列表
List<City> getDataByCities();
}
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service.WeatherReportService;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.City;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.WeatherResponse;
/**
* LoadBalancer客户端
*/
@Service
public class WeatherReportServiceLoadBalancerClientImpl implements WeatherReportService {
@Autowired
private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancer;
@Override
public WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId) {
WeatherResponse weatherResponse = null;
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.choose("vis-basic-weather");
String uri = serviceInstance.getUri().toString() + "/weather/cityId/" + cityId;
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = new RestTemplate().getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
weatherResponse = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr, WeatherResponse.class);
}
return weatherResponse;
}
@Override
public WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName) {
WeatherResponse weatherResponse = null;
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.choose("vis-basic-weather");
String uri = serviceInstance.getUri().toString() + "/weather/cityName/" + cityName;
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = new RestTemplate().getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
weatherResponse = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr, WeatherResponse.class);
}
return weatherResponse;
}
@Override
public List<City> getDataByCities() {
List<City> cityList = null;
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = loadBalancer.choose("vis-basic-city");
String uri = serviceInstance.getUri().toString() + "/cities/getList";
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = new RestTemplate().getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
cityList = JSON.parseArray(jsonStr, City.class);
}
return cityList;
}
}
二、使用Ribbon
Spring Cloud Ribbon是基于Netflix Ribbon实现的一套客户端负载均衡的工具。它是一个基于HTTP和TCP的客户端负载均衡器。它可以通过在客户端中配置ribbonServerList来设置服务端列表去轮询访问以达到均衡负载的作用。
1、pom.xml
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- spring boot test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、application.yml
server:
#服务端口号
port: 8080
spring:
application:
#服务名称
name: vis-basic-report
thymeleaf:
cache: false
cloud:
consul:
host: 192.168.12.125
port: 8500
discovery:
#是否需要注册到consul中
register: true
#服务地址直接为IP地址
hostname: 192.168.12.1
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
3、启动类 & RestConfiguration
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class ReportServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ReportServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.config;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
@Configuration
public class RestConfiguration {
@Autowired
private RestTemplateBuilder builder;
@Bean
@LoadBalanced
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return builder.build();
}
}
@LoadBalanced注解表明这个restRemplate开启负载均衡的功能，用外汇返佣LoadBalancerClient配置，并且会替换URL中的服务名称为具体的IP地址
4、相关实现类
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.City;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.WeatherResponse;
public interface WeatherReportService {
// 根据城市ID同步天气
WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId);
// 根据城市name同步天气
WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName);
// 获取所有城市列表
List<City> getDataByCities();
}
package com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.service.WeatherReportService;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.City;
import com.wzl.springcloud.basic.report.vo.WeatherResponse;
/**
* Ribbon客户端
*/
@Service
public class WeatherReportServiceRibbonImpl implements WeatherReportService {
@Autowired
// 对rest客户端的封装
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Override
public WeatherResponse getDataByCityId(String cityId) {
WeatherResponse weatherResponse = null;
String uri = "http://vis-basic-weather/weather/cityId/" + cityId;
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
weatherResponse = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr, WeatherResponse.class);
}
return weatherResponse;
}
@Override
public WeatherResponse getDataByCityName(String cityName) {
WeatherResponse weatherResponse = null;
String uri = "http://vis-basic-weather/weather/cityName/" + cityName;
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
weatherResponse = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr, WeatherResponse.class);
}
return weatherResponse;
}
@Override
public List<City> getDataByCities() {
List<City> cityList = null;
String uri = "http://vis-basic-city/cities/getList";
// 调用服务接口来获取
ResponseEntity<String> respString = restTemplate.getForEntity(uri, String.class);
// 判断ResponseEntity的状态码是否为200，为200时取出strBody
if (respString.getStatusCodeValue() == 200) {
String jsonStr = respString.getBody();
cityList = JSON.parseArray(jsonStr, City.class);
}
return cityList;
}
}
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