python3-常用模块之openpyxl(1)

1、创建工作簿

from openpyxl import Workbook
# 创建excel对象
wb = Workbook()
# 获取第一个sheet = wb.active
# 单元格写入内容
ws.append(['单元1','单元2','钉钉'])
ws['A1'] = 'A1'
ws['A2'] = '你好'+'A2'
# 新行写入多个单元格,默认会在新的一行里写入内容
ws.append(['单元11','单元22','钉钉1'])
# 插入自定义时间对象
import time
ws['B2'] = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime())
# 保存表格
wb.save("sample_demo.xlsx")

　2、创建sheet

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
#创建sheet，如果已经存在多个sheet，默认在最后位置插入
ws1 = wb.create_sheet("sheet1")
#设置sheet的名字，注意'sheet1'为sheet对象的名字
ws1.title = '表1'
#指定位置创建sheet,第1个插入
ws2 = wb.create_sheet('sheet2',0)
ws2.title = '表0'
wb.save('sample_demo.xlsx')

#获取某个sheet对象，两种方式
print(wb.get_sheet_by_name('表1'))
print(wb['表1'] == wb.get_sheet_by_name('表1'))  #True

#获取全部sheet名字
print(wb.sheetnames)
for i in wb:
    print(i.title)

#复制sheet
wb['表1']['A1'] = '中国'
source = wb['表1']
target = wb.copy_worksheet(source)
target.title = '拷贝表格'
wb.save('sample_demo.xlsx')

3、操作单元格

wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.create_sheet('my_sheet1')
# 单元格写入数据，两种方式
ws['A1'] = ''
ws['A2'] = '你好200'
v = ws.cell(3,1,300)
print(ws['A1'].value)
print(ws['A2'].value)
print(v.value)
#单元格输入百分号
ws['a1'] = "12%"
#打印出的是str类型的‘12%’
print(ws['a1'].value)
print(type(ws['a1'].value))

4、批量操作单元格

from openpyxl import Workbook
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.create_sheet('my_sheet')
ws["A1"]=1
ws["A2"]=2
ws["A3"]=3
ws["B1"]=4
ws["B2"]=5
ws["B3"]=6
ws["C1"]=7
ws["C2"]=8
ws["C3"]=9
# 操作单列
print(ws['A'])
for cell in ws['A']:
    print(cell.value)
print('===========')
# 操作多列
for column in ws['A:C']:
    for cell in column:
        print(cell.value)
print('===========')
# 操作多行
print(ws[1:3])
for row in ws[1:3]:
    for cell in row:
        print(cell.value)
print('===========')
print("===指定行列====")
for row in ws.iter_rows(min_row=1, min_col=1, max_col=3, max_row=3):
    for cell in row:
        print(cell.value)
print('===========')
# 操作所有行
print(ws.rows)
for row in ws.rows:
    print(row)
#操作所有列
print(ws.columns)
for col in ws.columns:
    print(col)

5、操作存在的文件

from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
wb = load_workbook("sample_demo.xlsx")
ws = wb.active
ws['a1'] = ''  # ws['a1'].value = '333'效果一样
print(ws['a1'].value)