APUE 3rd

以下是APUE 3rd edition 的preface，从04年的第二版到现在的第三版，APUE内容有所更新。点击下载。

It’s been almost eight years since I first updated Advanced  Programming  in  the  UNIX

Environment, and already so much has changed.

• Before the second edition was published, The Open Group created a 2004 edition of the Single UNIX Specification, folding in the changes from two sets of corrigenda. In 2008, The Open Group created a new version of the Single UNIX Specification,  updating  the  base  definitions,  adding  new  interfaces,  and removing  obsolete  ones.  This  was  called  the  2008  version  of  POSIX.1, which included version 7 of the Base Specification and was published in 2009. In 2010, this was bundled with an updated curses interface and reissued as version 4 of

the Single UNIX Specification.

• Versions 10.5, 10.6, and 10.8 of the Mac OS X operating system, running on Intel processors, have been certified to be UNIX® systems by The Open Group.

• Apple  Computer  discontinued  development  of  Mac  OS  X  for  the  PowerPC platform.  From  Release  10.6  (Snow  Leopard)  onward,  new  operating  system

versions are released for the x86 platform only.

• The Solaris operating system was released in open source form to try to compete with the popularity of the open source model followed by FreeBSD, Linux, and Mac  OS  X. After  Oracle  Corporation  bought  Sun  Microsystems  in  2010,  it discontinued the development of OpenSolaris. Instead, the Solaris community formed  the  Illumos  project  to  continue  open  source  development  based  on OpenSolaris.  For more information, see http://www.illumos.org.

• In 2011, the C standard was updated, but because systems haven’t caught up yet with the changes, we still refer to the 1999 version in this text. Most notably, the platforms used in the second edition have become out-of-date. In this book, the third edition, I cover the following platforms:

1.  FreeBSD  8.0,  a  descendant  of  the  4.4BSD  release  from  the  Computer  Systems Research Group at the University of California at Berkeley, running on a 32-bit Intel Pentium processor.

2.  Linux 3.2.0 (the Ubuntu 12.04 distribution), a free UNIX-like operating system, running on a 64-bit Intel Core i5 processor.

3.  Apple Mac  OS  X,  version  10.6.8 (Darwin  10.8.0) on  a  64-bit  Intel  Core 2 Duo

processor. (Darwin  is  based  on  FreeBSD  and  Mach.) I chose  to  switch  to  an

Intel platform instead of continuing with one based on the PowerPC, because

the  latest  versions  of  Mac  OS  X  are no longer  being  ported  to  the  PowerPC

platform.  The drawback to this choice is that the processors covered are now slanted in favor of Intel. When discussing issues of heterogeneity, it is helpful to have processors with different characteristics, such as byte ordering and integer size.

4.  Solaris 10,  a  derivative  of  System  V  Release  4  from  Sun  Microsystems  (nowOracle), running on a 64-bit UltraSPARC IIi processor.

Changes from the Second Edition

One  of  the  biggest  changes  to  the  Single  UNIX  Specification  in  POSIX.1-2008  is the demotion of the STREAMS-related interfaces to obsolescent status. This is the first step

before these interfaces are removed entirely in a future version of the standard.  Because of this, I have reluctantly removed the STREAMS content from this edition of the book. This is an unfortunate change, because the STREAMS interfaces provided a nice contrast to the socket interfaces, and in many ways were more flexible.  Admittedly, I am not entirely unbiased when it comes to the STREAMS mechanism, but there is no debating the reduced role it is playing in current systems:

• Linux doesn’t include STREAMS in its base system, although packages (LiS and OpenSS7) are available to add this functionality.

• Although Solaris 10 includes STREAMS, Solaris 11 uses a socket implementation that is not built on top of STREAMS.

• Mac OS X doesn’t include support for STREAMS.

• FreeBSD doesn’t include support for STREAMS (and never did).

So with the removal of the STREAMS-related material, an opportunity exists to replace it with new topics, such as POSIX asynchronous I/O. In the second edition, the Linux version covered was based on the 2.4 version of the source.  In this edition, I have updated the version of Linux to 3.2. One of the largestarea of differences between these two versions is the threads subsystem. Between Linux 2.4 and Linux 2.6, the threads implementation was changed to the Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL). NPTL makes threads on Linux behave more like threads on the other systems.

In total, this edition includes more than 70 new interfaces, including interfaces to handle asynchronous I/O, spin locks, barriers, and POSIX semaphores.  Most obsolete interfaces are removed, except for a few ubiquitous ones.

仔细看了一下目录，APUE 3rd 的API很丰富，但是也不是很全面，对于网络编程的接口和信号的接口，还有2.6以来的一些新接口的覆盖还是不全，推荐有时间结合：

The Linux Programming Interface

豆瓣地址：http://book.douban.com/subject/4292217/

下载地址：http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/f/14632131.html

一起看，或者作为APUE的替代都是可以的。