Oracle LSNRCTL------监听器的启动和关闭
对于DBA来说,启动和关闭oracle监听器是很基础的任务,但是Linux系统管理员或者程序员有时也需要在开发数据库中做一些基本的DBA操作,因此了解一些基本的管理操作对他们来说很重要。
本文将讨论用LSNRCTL命令启动、关闭和查看监听器的状态的方法。
怎样启动、关闭和重新启动oracle监听器
在启动、关闭或者重启oracle监听器之前确保使用lsnrctl status命令检查oracle监听器的状态。除了得到监听器的状态之外,你还可以从lsnrctl status命令的输出中得到如下的信息:
- 监听器的启动时间
 - 监听器的运行时间
 - 监听器参数文件listener.ora的位置,通常位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下
 - 监听器日志文件的位置
 
如果oracle监听器没用运行,你将得到如下的信息
- $ lsnrctl status
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:39
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 - TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
 - TNS-00511: No listener
 - Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
 - TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
 - TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
 - TNS-00511: No listener
 - Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory
 
如果oracle监听器正在运行,你将得到如下信息
- $ lsnrctl status
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:02
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - STATUS of the LISTENER
 - ————————
 - Alias LISTENER
 - Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
 - Start Date 29-APR-2009 18:43:13
 - Uptime 6 days 21 hr. 43 min. 49 sec
 - Trace Level off
 - Security ON: Local OS Authentication
 - SNMP OFF
 - Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
 - Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
 - Listening Endpoints Summary…
 - (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
 - Services Summary…
 - Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).
 - Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
 - Service “devdb.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
 - Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
 - Service “devdbXDB.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
 - Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
 - Service “devdb_XPT.thegeekstuff.com” has 1 instance(s).
 - Instance “devdb”, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
 - The command completed successfully
 
2.启动oracle监听器
如果oracle监听器没用运行,你可以用lsnrctl start命令启动oracle监听器,该命令将启动所有的监听器,如果你只想启动特定的监听器,可以再start后面指定监听器的名字,例如:lsnrctl start [listener-name]。
- $ lsnrctl start
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:42
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…
 - TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
 - System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
 - Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
 - Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - STATUS of the LISTENER
 - ————————
 - Alias LISTENER
 - Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production
 - Start Date 04-APR-2009 16:27:42
 - Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
 - Trace Level off
 - Security ON: Local OS Authentication
 - SNMP OFF
 - Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/network/admin/listener.ora
 - Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/devdb/listener/alert/log.xml
 - Listening Endpoints Summary…
 - (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC)))
 - Services Summary…
 - Service “devdb” has 1 instance(s).
 - Instance “devdb”, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service…
 - The command completed successfully
 
3.关闭oracle监听器
如果oracle监听器正在运行,可以使用lsnrctl stop命令关闭oracle监听器,该命令将关闭所有的监听器,如果你只想关闭特定的监听器,可以再stop后面指定监听器的名字,例如:lsnrctl stop [listener-name]
- $ lsnrctl stop
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:27:37
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - The command completed successfully
 
4.重启oracle监听器
用lsnrctl reload重启监听器,此命令可以代替lsnrctl stop和lsnrctl start。重启将会在不需要关闭和启动监听器的情况下读取listener.ora的配置。
- $ lsnrctl reload
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 17:03:31
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.2)(PORT=1521)))
 - The command completed successfully
 
Oracle监听器帮助
1.查看所有的监听器命令
lsnrctl hep命令可以显示所有可用的监听器命令。在oracle11g中其输出如下:
- start - Start the Oracle listener
 - stop - Stop the Oracle listener
 - status - Display the current status of the Oracle listener
 - services - Retrieve the listener services information
 - version - Display the oracle listener version information
 - reload - This will reload the oracle listener SID and parameter files. This is equivalent to lsnrctl stop and lsnrctl start.
 - save_config - This will save the current settings to the listener.ora file and also take a backup of the listener.ora file before overwriting it. If there are no changes, it will display the message “No changes to save for LISTENER”
 - trace - Enable the tracing at the listener level. The available options are ‘trace OFF’, ‘trace USER’, ‘trace ADMIN’ or ‘trace SUPPORT’
 - spawn - Spawns a new with the program with the spawn_alias mentioned in the listener.ora file
 - change_password - Set the new password to the oracle listener (or) change the existing listener password.
 - show - Display log files and other relevant listener information.
 
- $ lsnrctl help
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:12:09
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - The following operations are available
 - An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
 - start stop status
 - services version reload
 - save_config trace spawn
 - change_password quit exit
 - set* show*
 
2.得到指定监听器命令的详细帮助信息
可以使用lsnrctl help得到指定的命令的详细帮助信息。如下所示
- $ lsnrctl help show
 - LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on 04-APR-2009 16:22:28
 - Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
 - The following operations are available after show
 - An asterisk (*) denotes a modifier or extended command:
 - rawmode displaymode
 - rules trc_file
 - trc_directory trc_level
 - log_file log_directory
 - log_status current_listener
 - inbound_connect_timeout startup_waittime
 - snmp_visible save_config_on_stop
 - dynamic_registration
 
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