.NET通过PowerShell操作ExChange为用户开通邮箱教程

转：http://www.cnblogs.com/gongguo/archive/2012/03/12/2392049.html

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要使.NET调用PowerShell组建能够管理Exchange必须在调用的时候加载管理模块，否则和Exchange相关的指令就不被支持。虽然并不是很明白这两种加载模块方式的具体区别，但是由于手动加载Exchange管理模块有两种方式，.NET（或者直接说C#）管理Exchange就有2种方式。第一种方式是将代码编译成COM+组建，注册到COM+应用程序中，以供客户机代码调用,第二种方式不需要注册COM+组建，更大程度得益于“远程管理”，第二种的调用方式五花八门，详情可以参考Exchange小组的技术博客

1.COM+：要求部署在Exchange服务器上（因为有PowerShell Modules），一般选用CAS服务器。另外COM+应用程序在没有使用的情况下会自动关闭，一有请求又开启，所以第一次调用会显得有点慢。

2.远程调用。主要是要基于Kerberos的身份验证，使用SSL加密模式也可以，但是就要配置证书，所以目前我使用的都是Kerberos模式的身份验证。可以在同一个AD上部署，或者在建立了信任关系的其他AD中部署。相比第一种来说灵活（差别不大），也干净一点。但是我尚未测试使用WEB调用的情况，所以有没有其他问题尚未明确。

主要原理是:(这个原理是我猜的,因为我也不太懂ExChange以及COM组件这方面的知识)

直接用C#代码访问ExChange是不行的

微软出了一个PowerShell的命令行工具 能够用命令行来操作ExChange

可以通过把.Net类注册成COM+组件的方式来操作PowerShell

所以我的流程就是

WebService->.NET写的PowerShell操作类注册成的COM+组件->ExChange

环境是:

VS2010 + ExChange2010 + Windows Server 2008 64位版 + IIS7.0

ps:这个COM+组件只能运行在安装ExChange的服务器上

公司的环境用的是ExChange2010, ExChange2010好像只有64位版的 只能安装在64位的系统上

所以下面会说到把COM+组件编译成64位的问题

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1 首先先创建com组件并注册

1）启动Visual Studio 2010

2）选择File ->“新建->”项目...

3）选择Windows

4）选择“类库”

5）在名称框中键入“PowerShellComponent “

6）点击确定。

7）添加下列引用

System.EnterpriseServices

System.DirectoryServices

System.Management.Automation 路径：

32位系统:

C:\ProgramFiles\ReferenceAssemblies\Microsoft\WindowsPowerShell\v1.\System.Management.Automation.dll

64位系统

C:\Program Files (x86)\Reference Assemblies\Microsoft\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\System.Management.Automation.dll

接下来有关程序集的操作

1）在解决方案资源管理器，右键单击PowerShellComponent项目，选择属性，点击签名选项，选中"为程序集签名"，并创建一个新的强名称密钥称为“PowerShellComponent.snk” ， 不用设置密码。如下图

2）还是在项目属性窗口中，选择"应用程序"选项卡，然后点击“程序集信息...”，检查框，选中"使程序集COM可见"。如图

PS:如果运行这个com组件的机器是64位系统(32位的没试过),这里需要再加一步:

把项目的运行平台设置成64位的

还是在项目属性窗口中:

"生成"选项卡->目标平台->64位

    ->   

3）打开AssemblyInfo.cs中，并添加“using System.EnterpriseServices;”,并添加

[assembly: ApplicationActivation(ActivationOption.Server)]  [assembly: ApplicationName("PowerShellComponent")]  [assembly: Description("Simple PowerShell Component Sample")]  [assembly: ApplicationAccessControl(             false,             AccessChecksLevel = AccessChecksLevelOption.Application,             Authentication = AuthenticationOption.None,             ImpersonationLevel = ImpersonationLevelOption.Identify)]

然后添加ManagementCommands类...

1）选择“解决方案资源管理器”查看选项卡。将Class1.cs文件重命名为“ManagementCommands.cs”。

类需要继承System.EnterpriseServices.ServicedComponent,否则不能被编译成COM+组件

2）添加引用如图并using

using System.EnterpriseServices; using System.Security; using System.Security.Principal; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Collections.ObjectModel; using System.Management.Automation; using System.Management.Automation.Host; using System.Management.Automation.Runspaces; using System.DirectoryServices; using Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands; using System.Collections;

3）拷贝下面的方法到类中

  #region 根据登录名判断是否存在邮箱

           public bool IsExistMailBox(string identity)

           {

               try

               {

                  PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                  RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                  runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                  Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                  runspace.Open();

                  Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                  Command command = new Command("Get-Mailbox");

                  command.Parameters.Add("identity", identity);

                  pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                  Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                  runspace.Close();

                  return (result != null && result.Count > );

              }

              catch (System.Exception ex)

              {

                  throw ex;

              }

          }

          #endregion

          #region 创建邮箱账号

          public bool NewMailbox(string name, string accountName, string pwd, string emailDomain, string organizationalUnit, string database)

          {

              string emailAdd = accountName + emailDomain;

              if (this.IsExistMailBox(emailAdd))

              {

                  throw new Exception("已经存在同名的邮箱"); 

              }

              try

              {

                  PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                  RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                  runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                  Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                  runspace.Open();

                  Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                  Command command = new Command("New-Mailbox");

                  char[] passwordChars = pwd.ToCharArray();

                  SecureString password = new SecureString();

                  foreach (char c in passwordChars)

                 {

                     password.AppendChar(c);

                 }

                 command.Parameters.Add("Name", name);//姓名 

                 command.Parameters.Add("UserPrincipalName", emailAdd);//邮箱地址

                 command.Parameters.Add("SamAccountName", accountName);//登录名

                 command.Parameters.Add("Password", password);//密码

                 command.Parameters.Add("OrganizationalUnit", organizationalUnit);//组织单元

                 command.Parameters.Add("Database", database);//数据库 

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return this.IsExistMailBox(emailAdd);

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 删除邮箱账号（控制台和域都删除）

         public bool RemoveMailbox(string identity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Remove-Mailbox");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", identity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Confirm", false);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return !this.IsExistMailBox(identity);

             }

             catch (System.Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 启用邮箱账号

         public bool EnableMailbox(string identity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Enable-Mailbox");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", identity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Confirm", false);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return this.IsExistMailBox(identity);

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 禁用邮箱账号

         public bool DisableMailbox(string identity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Disable-Mailbox");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", identity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Confirm", false);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return !this.IsExistMailBox(identity);

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 判断是否存在通讯组

         public bool IsExistGroup(string identity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Get-DistributionGroup");

                 command.Parameters.Add("identity", identity);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return (result != null && result.Count > );

             }

             catch (System.Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 创建通讯组

         public bool NewGroup(string name)

         {

             if (this.IsExistGroup(name))

             {

                 throw new Exception("已经存在相同的通讯组"); 

             }

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("New-DistributionGroup");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Name", name);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close(); 

                 return this.IsExistGroup(name);

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 删除通讯组

         public bool RemoveGroup(string identity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Remove-DistributionGroup");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", identity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Confirm", false);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return !this.IsExistGroup(identity); 

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             } 

         }

         #endregion

         #region 添加通讯组成员

         public bool AddGroupMember(string groupIdentity, string mailIdentity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Add-DistributionGroupMember");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", groupIdentity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Member", mailIdentity);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return true;

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

         #region 删除通讯组成员

         public bool RemoveGroupMember(string groupIdentity, string mailIdentity)

         {

             try

             {

                 PSSnapInException PSException = null;

                 RunspaceConfiguration runspaceConf = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();

                 runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

                 Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(runspaceConf);

                 runspace.Open();

                 Pipeline pipeline = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                 Command command = new Command("Remove-DistributionGroupMember");

                 command.Parameters.Add("Identity", groupIdentity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Member", mailIdentity);

                 command.Parameters.Add("Confirm", false);

                 pipeline.Commands.Add(command);

                 Collection<PSObject> result = pipeline.Invoke();

                 runspace.Close();

                 return true;

             }

             catch (Exception ex)

             {

                 throw ex;

             }

         }

         #endregion

view code

PS: 这些都是ExChange的命令,暂时只封装了这么多,如果想实现更多的功能,只需要照着上面的例子把实现相应的ExChange命令就行了

在微软的官网上有ExChange的命令文档 http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/aa997174.aspx

https://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/aa998225.aspx

另：还有远程调用方法，其实不一定要通过注册COM+组件的方式来完成任务，PowerShell支持远程管理，使用.NET也可以得益于这个功能。

// <summary>
        /// 邮箱管理员凭证
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static WSManConnectionInfo OpenWSManConnInfo()
        {
            //Lync管理webservice地址  邮箱地址
            //string uri = "http://sss-ex01.dev.com/PowerShell";
            string uri = ConfigUtils.GetLocalParamValue("EmailAddress");
            //命令解析uri
            string shellUri = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/powershell/Microsoft.Exchange";
            //管理账户
            //string userName = @"dev\devadmin";
            string DomainName = ConfigUtils.GetLocalParamValue("DomainName");//域
            string AdminName = ConfigUtils.GetLocalParamValue("AdminName");

            string adminName = AdminName + "\\" + DomainName;

            //管理密码
            //string userPassWord = "admin";
            string adminPassWord = ConfigUtils.GetLocalParamValue("AdminPassword");
            //UPN后缀名
            string SuffixName = ConfigUtils.GetLocalParamValue("UserPrincipalName");

            System.Security.SecureString secPwd = new SecureString();
            char[] adminPwds = adminPassWord.ToCharArray();
            foreach (char c in adminPwds)
            {
                secPwd.AppendChar(c);
            }
            //下面这句屏蔽服务器证书验证，防止页面报“根据验证过程，远程证书无效”的错误
            //ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = delegate(Object obj, X509Certificate certificate, X509Chain chain, SslPolicyErrors errors) { return true; };

            //RunspaceConfiguration config = RunspaceConfiguration.Create();
            PSCredential psc = new PSCredential(adminName, secPwd);
            WSManConnectionInfo wsManConnInfo = new WSManConnectionInfo(new Uri(uri), shellUri, psc);
            wsManConnInfo.AuthenticationMechanism = AuthenticationMechanism.Kerberos;//计算机加入了域
            return wsManConnInfo;

/********

Runspace runspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(wsManConnInfo);
                if ((runspace.RunspaceStateInfo.State == RunspaceState.Closed) || (runspace.RunspaceStateInfo.State == RunspaceState.BeforeOpen))
                {
                    runspace.Open();
                }
                else if (runspace.RunspaceStateInfo.State == RunspaceState.Broken)
                {
                    runspace.Open();
                }

                //PowerShell powerShell = PowerShell.Create();
                //powerShell.Runspace = runspace;
                //PSCommand psCommand = new PSCommand();

                Pipeline pipeLine = runspace.CreatePipeline();

                Command command = new Command("New-Mailbox"); //New-Mailbox 邮箱命令
                char[] passwordChars = userPassWord.ToCharArray();
                SecureString password = new SecureString();
                foreach (char c in passwordChars)
                {
                    password.AppendChar(c);
                }
                command.Parameters.Add("Name", userName);//姓名
                command.Parameters.Add("UserPrincipalName", emailAdd);//邮箱地址
                command.Parameters.Add("SamAccountName", accountName);//登录名
                command.Parameters.Add("Password", password);//密码
                //command.Parameters.Add("OrganizationalUnit", "");//组织单元
                command.Parameters.Add("DisplayName", userName);
                //command.Parameters.Add("Database", "Mailbox Database 1406924081");//数据库
                pipeLine.Commands.Add(command);

                Collection<PSObject> result = pipeLine.Invoke();
                runspace.Close();

                return IsExistMailBox(emailAdd);

*******/

        }

最后运行生成项目,得到PowerShellComponent.dll，COM组件就创建好了。

接下来就是注册这个组件了：

步骤一： 【控制面板】→【管理工具】→【组件服务】

步骤二： 出现窗口后，【组件服务】→【计算机】→【我的电脑】→【COM+ 应用程序】单击右键 →新建→ 应用程序→安装向导下一步→创建空应用程序→输入空应用程序名称:PowerShellComponent,并选择激活类型为服务器应用程序→设置应用程序标示（账号选择下列用户 账号和密码是该服务器登录用户名和密码）→完成。

右键单击创建出来的PowerShellComoponent，选择属性，找到"标志"选项卡，选择 ”下列用户“ 填入计算机的登录用户名和密码，确定

步骤三： 创建好应用程序后 打开PowerShellComponent 出现 【组件】【旧版组件】【角色】 在【组件】上单击右键  →新建→组件

步骤三： 点下一步，出现如下窗口，选择【安装新组件】：

选择前面项目生成的PowerShellComponent.dll文件→【打开】点下一步，选择完成。

步骤四：

为刚刚注册的PowerShellComponent组件添加用户权限

打开PowerShellComponent 下面的【角色】-【CreatorOwner】-【用户】右键  【新建】 - 【用户】

在出来的窗口点[高级]-[位置]-选择[整个目录]-[立即查找]

因为WebServicce是发布在IIS上面的 所以我的IIS需要有权限来操作这个COM组件 所以我添加的是IIS的用户

在搜索出来的结果里面 选择IIS_IUSRS并添加,  如果是用winform来调用这个COM+组件 则应该要添加管理员帐号Administrator

用户添加完了  组件就注册成功了。

把PowerShellComponent.dll拷到测试项目中

测试项目添加对 PowerShellComponent.dll 的引用   就能被调用了

如果你的COM+组件被启用了 在调试过程中如果你需要重新编译你的DLL文件 那么需要先关闭COM+组件  dll才能被重新编译

如果在调用的过程中发生异常,可能是两个方面的原因:

1  如果com+组件在64位的环境下运行 是否有被编译成64位

2 权限问题

还有一个

因为操作的是ExChange2010  所以代码中是

PSSnapInInfo info = runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.E2010", out PSException);

如果你的ExChange是2007的  那么这行代码可能需要被改成

PSSnapInInfo info = runspaceConf.AddPSSnapIn("Microsoft.Exchange.Management.PowerShell.Admin", out PSException);

http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/f/23481273.html

这是我的源代码,赚点积分,勿怪

另外的参考资料：http://www.cnblogs.com/lightluomeng/archive/2013/01/20/2868028.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/lightluomeng/archive/2013/01/20/2868028.html