UWP开发：自动生成迷宫&自动寻路算法（3）

         private static int[,] mazeMap = new int[ + ,  + ];//0<=x<=12 0<=y<=24
         private static Random Rd = new Random();

首先声明mazeMap存储数据，声明了一个15*27的迷宫，其中最外面的一圈是用来做墙的。

         public void GenerateMap() {             //初始化
             for (int i = ; i <=  + ; i++) {
                 for (int j = ; j <=  + ; j++) {
                     if (i ==  || i ==  +  || j ==  || j ==  + ) //初始化迷宫
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                     else
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                 }
             }

这一块是初始化墙和内部的构造。其中我们约定，0是路，1是墙。

接下来贴出之后的算法。

         public void GenerateMap() {
             for (int i = ; i <=  + ; i++) {
                 for (int j = ; j <=  + ; j++) {
                     if (i ==  || i ==  +  || j ==  || j ==  + ) //初始化迷宫
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                     else
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                 }
             }

             Create( * (Rd.Next() % ( / ) + ),  * (Rd.Next() % ( / ) + )); //从随机一个点开始生成迷宫，该点行列都为偶数
             for (int i = ; i <=  + ; i++)                                        //边界处理
             {
                 mazeMap[i, ] = ;
                 mazeMap[i,  + ] = ;
             }

             for (int j = ; j <=  + ; j++) //边界处理
             {
                 mazeMap[, j] = ;
                 mazeMap[ + , j] = ;
             }
             mazeMap[, ] = ;            //给定入口
             mazeMap[ - , ] = ; //给定出口
         }

         public void Create(int x, int y) //随机生成迷宫
  {
             int[,] c = new int[, ] { { ,  }, { ,  }, { , - }, { -,  } }; //四个方向
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
             {
                 int j = Rd.Next() % ;

                 int t = c[i, ];
                 c[i, ] = c[j, ];
                 c[j, ] = t;
                 t = c[i, ];
                 c[i, ] = c[j, ];
                 c[j, ] = t;
             }
             mazeMap[x, y] = ;
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
                 if (mazeMap[x +  * c[i, ], y +  * c[i, ]] == ) {
                     mazeMap[x + c[i, ], y + c[i, ]] = ;

                     Create(x +  * c[i, ], y +  * c[i, ]);
                 }
         }

审视这段代码，如果我们使用一些技巧，代码可读性将会更好，其中的13都是Height，迷宫高度；25都是Width，迷宫宽度，当读到13和25时，可以自动代入Height与Width去理解。

算法的原理很简单，就是递归生成迷宫。

 Create(x +  * c[i, ], y +  * c[i, ]);

这一行就是关键递归代码。

参考文献：http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f22455126edb6f1aff001f13.html

虽说是百度文库的，但是值得一读。

下面贴出完整代码。

 using System;
 using System.Collections;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices.WindowsRuntime;
 using Windows.Devices.Bluetooth.Advertisement;
 using Windows.Foundation;
 using Windows.Foundation.Collections;
 using Windows.Security.Cryptography.Core;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls.Primitives;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Data;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Input;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media;
 using Windows.UI.Xaml.Navigation;

 // The Blank Page item template is documented at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=402352&clcid=0x409

 namespace Maze
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// An empty page that can be used on its own or navigated to within a Frame.
     /// </summary>
     public sealed partial class MainPage : Page
     {
         private static int[,] mazeMap = new int[ + ,  + ];//0<=x<=12 0<=y<=24
         private static Random Rd = new Random();
         public static List<Rect> Rects { get; set; }

         public MainPage() {
             this.InitializeComponent();

             Rects = new List<Rect>();

             GenerateMap();
             for (int x = ; x < ; x++)//25*14
             {
                 var rect = new Rect() { X = x / , Y = x %  };
                 switch (mazeMap[rect.X + , rect.Y + ]) {
                     case :
                         rect.Color = "Blue";
                         break;
                     case :
                         rect.Color = "Gray";
                         break;
                     case :
                         rect.Color = "Red";
                         break;
                     case :
                         rect.Color = "Yellow";
                         break;

                 }
                 Rects.Add(rect);
             }
             GridView.ItemsSource = Rects;

         }

         public class Rect
         {
             public int X { get; set; }
             public int Y { get; set; }//以左上角为1,1
             public string Color { get; set; }
         }

         public void GenerateMap() {
             for (int i = ; i <=  + ; i++) {
                 for (int j = ; j <=  + ; j++) {
                     if (i ==  || i ==  +  || j ==  || j ==  + ) //初始化迷宫
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                     else
                         mazeMap[i, j] = ;
                 }
             }

             Create( * (Rd.Next() % ( / ) + ),  * (Rd.Next() % ( / ) + )); //从随机一个点开始生成迷宫，该点行列都为偶数
             for (int i = ; i <=  + ; i++)                                        //边界处理
             {
                 mazeMap[i, ] = ;
                 mazeMap[i,  + ] = ;
             }

             for (int j = ; j <=  + ; j++) //边界处理
             {
                 mazeMap[, j] = ;
                 mazeMap[ + , j] = ;
             }
             mazeMap[, ] = ;            //给定入口
             mazeMap[ - , ] = ; //给定出口
         }

         public void Create(int x, int y) //随机生成迷宫
  {
             int[,] c = new int[, ] { { ,  }, { ,  }, { , - }, { -,  } }; //四个方向
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
             {
                 int j = Rd.Next() % ;

                 int t = c[i, ];
                 c[i, ] = c[j, ];
                 c[j, ] = t;
                 t = c[i, ];
                 c[i, ] = c[j, ];
                 c[j, ] = t;
             }
             mazeMap[x, y] = ;
             for (int i = ; i < ; i++)
                 if (mazeMap[x +  * c[i, ], y +  * c[i, ]] == ) {
                     mazeMap[x + c[i, ], y + c[i, ]] = ;

                     Create(x +  * c[i, ], y +  * c[i, ]);
                 }
         }
 }