部署堡垒机4——CentOS7 编译安装 Python 3.8.12

1、去python3的官方网站下载源代码

https://www.python.org/downloads/

下载安装Python 3.8.12到/opt/python3

cd /opt
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.12/Python-3.8.12.tar.xz
tar -xvJf Python-3.8.12.tar.xz
yum -y groupinstall "Development tools"
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devellibpcap-devel xz-devel
yum install libffi-devel -y
mkdir /opt/python3
cd Python-3.8.12
./configure --prefix=/opt/python3
#如果特别安装过指定路径的高版本的openssl可以用以下命令操作
#./configure --prefix=/opt/python3 --with-openssl=/opt/openssl --with-openssl-rpath=auto
make
make install

导入到全局变量，使得Python3命令可全局执行

echo PATH="/opt/python3/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

操作完成后，推荐退出ssh，再重新登录。Python变量source有时候不生效

重新登录后，可以在根目录下直接执行python并用tab键补全，可以看到既包括python2.7，也包括python3.8 ；同样的pip，也如此

root@jumpserver-t01:/root#python
python            python2.7         python2-config    python3.8         python3-config
python2           python2.7-config  python3           python3.8-config  python-config
root@jumpserver-t01:/root#pip
pip     pip2    pip2.7  pip3    pip3.8
root@jumpserver-t01:/root#

# 设置pip源，可选

清华

python3 -m pip    install --upgrade pip -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip3 config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

阿里

root@jumpserver-t01:/root#cat ~/.pip/pip.conf
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

# 检查pip源

root@jumpserver-t01:/root#pip3 config list

用pip3安装虚拟环境组件virtualenv

pip3 install virtualenv

为 JumpServer 项目单独创建 python3 虚拟环境。

python3 -m venv /opt/py3
source /opt/py3/bin/activate

每次运行 JumpServer 项目都需要先执行 source /opt/py3/bin/activate 载入此环境。载入后的状态显示如下，会有虚拟环境名称(py3)标注

root@jumpserver-t01:/root#source /opt/py3/bin/activate
(py3) root@jumpserver-t01:/root#

退出环境变量的命令是deactivate

(py3) root@jumpserver-t01:/root#deactivate
root@jumpserver-t01:/root#