python中时间、日期、时间戳的转换

1.简介

在编写代码时，往往涉及时间、日期、时间戳的相互转换。

2.示例

# 引入模块
import time, datetime

2.1 str类型的日期转换为时间戳

 # 字符类型的时间
 tss1 = '2013-10-10 23:40:00'
 # 转为时间数组
 timeArray = time.strptime(tss1, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
 print timeArray
 # timeArray可以调用tm_year等
 print timeArray.tm_year   #
 # 转为时间戳
 timeStamp = int(time.mktime(timeArray))
 print timeStamp  #

 # 结果如下
 time.struct_time(tm_year=2013, tm_mon=10, tm_mday=10, tm_hour=23, tm_min=40, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=3, tm_yday=283, tm_isdst=-1)
 2013
 1381419600

2.2 更改str类型日期的显示格式

 tss2 = "2013-10-10 23:40:00"
 # 转为数组
 timeArray = time.strptime(tss2, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
 # 转为其它显示格式
 otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
 print otherStyleTime  # 2013/10/10 23:40:00

 tss3 = "2013/10/10 23:40:00"
 timeArray = time.strptime(tss3, "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
 otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
 print otherStyleTime  # 2013-10-10 23:40:00

2.3 时间戳转换为指定格式的日期

 # 使用time
 timeStamp = 1381419600
 timeArray = time.localtime(timeStamp)
 otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
 print(otherStyleTime)   # 2013--10--10 23:40:00
 # 使用datetime
 timeStamp = 1381419600
 dateArray = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timeStamp)
 otherStyleTime = dateArray.strftime("%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S")
 print(otherStyleTime)   # 2013--10--10 23:40:00
 # 使用datetime，指定utc时间，相差8小时
 timeStamp = 1381419600
 dateArray = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(timeStamp)
 otherStyleTime = dateArray.strftime("%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S")
 print(otherStyleTime)   # 2013--10--10 15:40:00

2.4 获取当前时间并且用指定格式显示

 # time获取当前时间戳
 now = int(time.time())     #
 timeArray = time.localtime(now)
 print timeArray
 otherStyleTime = time.strftime("%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S", timeArray)
 print otherStyleTime    

 # 结果如下
 time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=11, tm_hour=9, tm_min=51, tm_sec=17, tm_wday=5, tm_yday=223, tm_isdst=0)
 2018--08--11 09:51:17

 # datetime获取当前时间，数组格式
 now = datetime.datetime.now()
 print now
 otherStyleTime = now.strftime("%Y--%m--%d %H:%M:%S")
 print otherStyleTime  

 # 结果如下：
 2018-08-11 09:51:17.362986
 2018--08--11 09:51:17 

！！！