[terry笔记]11gR2_DataGuard搭建_拷贝数据文件

11gR2搭建dataguard环境：

自己做的实验，后续按照rman模式搭建、主备切换、模式调整等实验会陆续发上来。

primary：

OS:oel 6.4

database:11.2.0.4.0

192.168.100.131

hostname=node4

ORACLE_SID=good

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/product/11.2.0

db_unique_name=good

standby：

OS:oel 6.4

database:11.2.0.4.0

192.168.100.132

ORACLE_SID=good

ORACLE_HOME=/u01/product/11.2.0

db_unique_name=bad

两边oracle用户的环境变量：

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

export ORACLE_SID=good

export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

alias s='sqlplus / as sysdba'

1.primary打开force logging和归档:

alter database force logging;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open; 

2.配置primary参数，并添加standby logfile,以用来将来主备切换

alter system set db_unique_name=good scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_config= 'DG_CONFIG=(good,bad)' scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_dest_1= 'LOCATION=/u01/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=good' scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_dest_2= 'SERVICE=bad LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=bad' scope=spfile;

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1 = enable;

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2 = enable;

alter system set fal_server=bad scope=spfile;

alter system set fal_client=good scope=spfile;

alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=spfile;

alter database add standby logfile
group 4 ('/u01/oradata/good/standby04.log')size 50m,
group 5 ('/u01/oradata/good/standby05.log')size 50m,
group 6 ('/u01/oradata/good/standby06.log')size 50m,
group 7 ('/u01/oradata/good/standby07.log')size 50m;

3.重启一次验证以上修改没问题：

shutdown immeidate
startup

4.创建standby controlfile、pfile

alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/control01.ctl';
create pfile from spfile;

5.关闭primary

shutdown immediate

6.配置primary的listener.ora、tnsname.ora，listner要用静态监听,传到standby时注意修改host

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/11.2.0)
          (PROGRAM = extproc)
    )
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = good)
        (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/11.2.0)
      (SID_NAME = good)
  )
)
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/11.2.0/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

GOOD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.131)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = good)
    )
  )

BAD =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.100.132)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = good)
    )
  )

7.copy file to standby 

监听文件：listener.ora、tnsnames.ora --$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

参数文件：initgood.ora  --$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

密码文件：orapwgood  --$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

standby控制文件：control01.ctl  --$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/good

全库备份文件：*.dbf、*.log  --$ORACLE_BASE/oradata/good

日志目录（或直接创建文件夹）：$ORACLE_BASE/admin、$ORACLE_BASE/diag、$ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area

8.修改standby参数文件，蓝色标注的需要重点关注

good.__db_cache_size=222298112
good.__java_pool_size=4194304
good.__large_pool_size=8388608
good.__oracle_base='/u01'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
good.__pga_aggregate_target=192937984
good.__sga_target=360710144
good.__shared_io_pool_size=0
good.__shared_pool_size=113246208
good.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/admin/good/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oradata/good/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='good'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4385144832
*.db_unique_name='bad'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=goodXDB)'
*.fal_client='bad'
*.fal_server='good'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(good,bad)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=bad'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=good lgwr sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=good'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.memory_target=550502400
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

9.启动两边监听

lsnrctl start

此时可以测试两边是否连通
sqlplus sys/xxx@good as sysdba
sqlplus sys/xxx@bad as sysdba
tnsping good
tnsping bad
select * from v$instance;

10.standby启动至mount并应用日志

startup mount;

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

11.primary启动

startup

12.验证

观察primary与standby的/u01/arch,当primary切换时，standby的归档也会增加。

primary:
alter system switch logfile;
SELECT STATUS,DESTINATION, ERROR FROM V$ARCHIVE_DEST;
select max(sequence#) from v$archived_log; --主备结果一致

13.standby启动read only with apply,此时可以查询standby库同时可以从primary恢复（此为11g特性，10g如果read only打开standby库，不可以同时恢复）

alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

alter database open;

alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;

select open_mode from v$database;

dataguard启动与关闭顺序：

启动:先standby后primary

关闭:先primary后standby