nmap学习之相关参数列表

一、TARGET SPECIFICATION:

　　Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc.
　　Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254
　　-iL <inputfilename>: Input from list of hosts/networks
　　-iR <num hosts>: Choose random targets
　　--exclude <host1[,host2][,host3],...>: Exclude hosts/networks
　　--excludefile <exclude_file>: Exclude list from file

二、HOST DISCOVERY:

　　-sL: List Scan - simply list targets to scan
　　-sn: Ping Scan - disable port scan
　　-Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery
　　-PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports
　　-PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes
　　-PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping
　　-n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes]
　　--dns-servers <serv1[,serv2],...>: Specify custom DNS servers
　　--system-dns: Use OS's DNS resolver
　　--traceroute: Trace hop path to each host

三、SCAN TECHNIQUES:

　　-sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans
　　-sU: UDP Scan
　　-sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans
　　--scanflags <flags>: Customize TCP scan flags
　　-sI <zombie host[:probeport]>: Idle scan
　　-sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans
　　-sO: IP protocol scan
　　-b <FTP relay host>: FTP bounce scan

四、PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER:

　　-p <port ranges>: Only scan specified ports
　　Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9
　　--exclude-ports <port ranges>: Exclude the specified ports from scanning
　　-F: Fast mode - Scan fewer ports than the default scan
　　-r: Scan ports consecutively - don't randomize
　　--top-ports <number>: Scan <number> most common ports
　　--port-ratio <ratio>: Scan ports more common than <ratio>

五、SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION:

　　-sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info
　　--version-intensity <level>: Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes)
　　--version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2)
　　--version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9)
　　--version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging)

六、SCRIPT SCAN:

　　-sC: equivalent to --script=default
　　--script=<Lua scripts>: <Lua scripts> is a comma separated list of
　　　　directories, script-files or script-categories
　　--script-args=<n1=v1,[n2=v2,...]>: provide arguments to scripts
　　--script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file
　　--script-trace: Show all data sent and received
　　--script-updatedb: Update the script database.
　　--script-help=<Lua scripts>: Show help about scripts.
　　　　<Lua scripts> is a comma-separated list of script-files or
　　　　script-categories.

七、OS DETECTION:

　　-O: Enable OS detection
　　--osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets
　　--osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressively

八、TIMING AND PERFORMANCE:

　　Options which take <time> are in seconds, or append 'ms' (milliseconds),
　　　　's' (seconds), 'm' (minutes), or 'h' (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m).
　　-T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
　　--min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup <size>: Parallel host scan group sizes
　　--min-parallelism/max-parallelism <numprobes>: Probe parallelization
　　--min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout <time>: Specifies
　　　　probe round trip time.
　　--max-retries <tries>: Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions.
　　--host-timeout <time>: Give up on target after this long
　　--scan-delay/--max-scan-delay <time>: Adjust delay between probes
　　--min-rate <number>: Send packets no slower than <number> per second
　　--max-rate <number>: Send packets no faster than <number> per second

九、FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING:

　　-f; --mtu <val>: fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
　　-D <decoy1,decoy2[,ME],...>: Cloak a scan with decoys
　　-S <IP_Address>: Spoof source address
　　-e <iface>: Use specified interface
　　-g/--source-port <portnum>: Use given port number
　　--proxies <url1,[url2],...>: Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies
　　--data <hex string>: Append a custom payload to sent packets
　　--data-string <string>: Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets
　　--data-length <num>: Append random data to sent packets
　　--ip-options <options>: Send packets with specified ip options
　　--ttl <val>: Set IP time-to-live field
　　--spoof-mac <mac address/prefix/vendor name>: Spoof your MAC address
　　--badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksum

十、OUTPUT:

　　-oN/-oX/-oS/-oG <file>: Output scan in normal, XML, s|<rIpt kIddi3,
　　and Grepable format, respectively, to the given filename.
　　-oA <basename>: Output in the three major formats at once
　　-v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
　　-d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect)
　　--reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state
　　--open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports
　　--packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received
　　--iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging)
　　--append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files
　　--resume <filename>: Resume an aborted scan
　　--stylesheet <path/URL>: XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML
　　--webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML
　　--no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML output

十一、MISC:

　　-6: Enable IPv6 scanning
　　-A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute
　　--datadir <dirname>: Specify custom Nmap data file location
　　--send-eth/--send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets
　　--privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged
　　--unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges
　　-V: Print version number
　　-h: Print this help summary page.

十二、EXAMPLES:

　　nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org
　　nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8
　　nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80
　　SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES