Oracle 11.2.0.4.0 Dataguard部署和日常维护(2)-Datauard部署篇

1. primary库设置dataguard相关参数

  1.1. 强制primay库在任何状态下必须记录日志

SYS@userdata>select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

FORCE_LOG
---------
NO

SYS@userdata>alter database force logging;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

FORCE_LOG
---------
YES

  1.2. 设置primay库在归档模式

SYS@userdata>shutdown immediate;
SYS@userdata>startup mount;
SYS@userdata>alter database archivelog;
SYS@userdata>alter database open;
SYS@userdata>archive log list;
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence     2
Next log sequence to archive   4
Current log sequence           4

  1.3. 设置primary和standby库的tnsnames

$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

userdata1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ec2t-userdata-)(PORT = ))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = userdata1)
    )
  )

userdata2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = ec2t-userdata-)(PORT = ))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = userdata2)
    )
  )

  1.4. 根据spfile创建pfile文件

SYS@userdata>create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora' from spfile;

File created.

  1.5. 更新pfile文件,添加dataguard相关参数

$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/arch
$ cat /home/oracle/pfile.ora
userdata.__db_cache_size=
userdata.__java_pool_size=
userdata.__large_pool_size=
userdata.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
userdata.__pga_aggregate_target=
userdata.__sga_target=
userdata.__shared_io_pool_size=
userdata.__shared_pool_size=
userdata.__streams_pool_size=
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/userdata/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='userdata'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=userdataXDB)'
*.java_jit_enabled=FALSE
*.memory_target=
*.open_cursors=
*.processes=
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.db_unique_name='userdata1'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(userdata1,userdata2)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=userdata2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=userdata2'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.fal_client='userdata1'
*.fal_server='userdata2'

  1.6. 导入新的参数文件,使dataguard配置生效

SYS@userdata>shutdown immediate;
SYS@userdata>create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';
SYS@userdata>startup;

同时修改.bash_profile的ORACLE_UNQNAME的值

2. standby库设置dataguard相关参数

  2.1. 在primary库生成pfile,传到standby库

SYS@userdata>create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora.bak' from spfile;
$ scp /home/oracle/pfile.ora.bak oracle@ec2t-userdata-02:/home/oracle/

  2.2. 修改standby库的dataguard相关参数

$ cat /home/oracle/pfile.ora.bak
userdata.__db_cache_size=
userdata.__java_pool_size=
userdata.__large_pool_size=
userdata.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
userdata.__pga_aggregate_target=
userdata.__sga_target=
userdata.__shared_io_pool_size=
userdata.__shared_pool_size=
userdata.__streams_pool_size=
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/userdata/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='userdata'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=
*.db_unique_name='userdata2'
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=userdataXDB)'
*.fal_client='userdata2'
*.fal_server='userdata1'
*.java_jit_enabled=FALSE
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(userdata1,userdata2)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=userdata2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=userdata2'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'
*.memory_target=
*.open_cursors=
*.processes=
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/userdata/adump
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/userdata
$ mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch

同时修改.bash_profile的ORACLE_UNQNAME的值

  2.3. 设置primary和standby库的tnsnames(从主库复制即可)

$ scp oracle@ec2t-userdata-:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/

  2.4. 设置standby库的远程登录验证(从主库复制即可)

$ scp oracle@ec2t-userdata-:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwuserdata $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/

3. 对primary库做RMAN备份,并将备份传至standby库

$ mkdir /home/oracle/dataset
$ rman target /
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> run {
allocate channel ch1 device type disk;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup database format '/home/oracle/dataset/data_%U.bak';
backup archivelog all format '/home/oracle/dataset/arch_%U.bak';
backup current controlfile for standby format '/home/oracle/dataset/ctl_%U.bak';
release channel ch1;
}
allocated channel: ch1
channel ch1: SID=45 device type=DISK

sql statement: alter system archive log current

Starting backup at 2017-06-23 04:24:02
channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/system01.dbf
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/users01.dbf
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:24:03
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:25:28
piece handle=/home/oracle/dataset/data_01s7g3b3_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170623T042402 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:25
Finished backup at 2017-06-23 04:25:28

Starting backup at 2017-06-23 04:25:29
current log archived
channel ch1: starting archived log backup set
channel ch1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=4 RECID=1 STAMP=947322924
input archived log thread=1 sequence=5 RECID=2 STAMP=947322932
input archived log thread=1 sequence=6 RECID=3 STAMP=947391842
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=4 STAMP=947391929
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:25:30
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:25:37
piece handle=/home/oracle/dataset/arch_02s7g3dq_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170623T042529 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
Finished backup at 2017-06-23 04:25:37

Starting backup at 2017-06-23 04:25:37
channel ch1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ch1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:25:39
channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 2017-06-23 04:25:40
piece handle=/home/oracle/dataset/ctl_03s7g3e2_1_1.bak tag=TAG20170623T042537 comment=NONE
channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2017-06-23 04:25:40

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2017-06-23 04:25:40
piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/USERDATA1/autobackup/2017_06_23/o1_mf_s_947391940_dnsyonvd_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 2017-06-23 04:25:43

released channel: ch1

$ scp -r /home/oracle/dataset oracle@ec2t-userdata-02:/home/oracle/

4. 还原standby库

  4.1. 还原参数文件

SYS@userdata>create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora.bak';
SYS@userdata>startup nomount;

  4.2. 还原控制文件

$ rman target /
RMAN> restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/dataset/ctl_03s7g3e2_1_1.bak';
RMAN> alter database mount;

  4.3. 还原数据文件

RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> recover database;

5. 创建standby联机日志

  5.1. 在primary库创建

SYS@userdata>SELECT GROUP#, BYTES/1024/1024 as MB FROM V$LOG;

    GROUP#       MB
---------- ----------
    　　 1      100
    　　 2      100
    　　 3      100

SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile;

    GROUP# MEMBER
---------- --------------------------------------------------
     　　1　　 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo01.log
     　　2 　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo02.log
     　　3 　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo03.log

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo01.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo02.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo03.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo04.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 as MB from v$standby_log;

    GROUP#       MB
---------- ----------
     　　4      100
     　　5      100
     　　6      100
     　　7      100
SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,MEMBER,TYPE from v$logfile;

    GROUP# 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　       MEMBER                  TYPE
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------
     　　1        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo01.log         　　　　 ONLINE
     　　2 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo02.log          　　　　ONLINE
     　　3 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo03.log          　　　　ONLINE
     　　4 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo01.log      　　　　 STANDBY
     　　5 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo02.log      　　　　 STANDBY
     　　6 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo03.log              STANDBY
     　　7 　　　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo04.log              STANDBY

7 rows selected.

  5.2. 在standby库创建

SYS@userdata>SELECT GROUP#, BYTES/1024/1024 as MB FROM V$LOG;

    GROUP#       MB
---------- ----------
     1      100
     3      100
     2      100

SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,MEMBER from v$logfile;

    GROUP# MEMBER
---------- --------------------------------------------------

     1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo01.log
     2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo02.log
     3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo03.log
SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo01.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo02.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo03.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>alter database add standby logfile ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo04.log') size 100M;

Database altered.

SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,BYTES/1024/1024 as MB from v$standby_log;

    GROUP#       MB
---------- ----------
     4      100
     5      100
     6      100
     7      100

SYS@userdata>select GROUP#,MEMBER,TYPE from v$logfile;

    GROUP# MEMBER                          TYPE
---------- -------------------------------------------------- ---------------------
     1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo01.log          ONLINE
     2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo02.log          ONLINE
     3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/redo03.log          ONLINE
     4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo01.log      STANDBY
     5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo02.log      STANDBY
     6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo03.log      STANDBY
     7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/userdata/stredo04.log      STANDBY

7 rows selected.

6. 启动standby监听

$ lsnrctl start

7. 开启stanby库恢复进程

SYS@userdata>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session using current logfile;

8.primary库归档,查看dataguard数据同步是否成功

SYS@userdata>select name,archived,applied,sequence# from v$archived_log;

NAME                           ARCHIVED  APPLIED              SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- --------- --------------------------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_4_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   4
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_5_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   5
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_6_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   6
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_7_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   7
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_8_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   8
userdata2                                        YES         YES                  8

6 rows selected.

SYS@userdata>alter system archive log current;

System altered.

SYS@userdata>alter system archive log current;

System altered.

SYS@userdata>select name,archived,applied,sequence# from v$archived_log;

NAME                           ARCHIVED  APPLIED              SEQUENCE#
-------------------------------------------------- --------- --------------------------- ----------
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_4_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   4
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_5_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   5
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_6_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   6
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_7_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   7
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_8_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   8
userdata2                       　　　　　　　　　　YES         YES                  8
userdata2                       　　　　　　　　　　YES         YES                  9
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_9_947274260.dbf           YES         NO                   9
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_10_947274260.dbf        　YES         NO                  10
userdata2                       　　　　　　　　　　YES         YES                 10
userdata2                       　　　　　　　　　　YES         NO                  11
/u01/app/oracle/arch/1_11_947274260.dbf        　YES         NO                  11

12 rows selected.