oracle 10g 数据库字符集更改

1.更改数据库字符集为GBK

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; 
STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE; 
ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;
ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16; 更改国际字符集

ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK; 更改本地字符集

SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;

STARTUP ;

 

2.如果错误信息，请对照一下信息

如果提示：

    ORA-12717: Cannot issue ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET when NCLOB, NCHAR
or NVARCHAR2 data exists

则更改使用以下语句:

    ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE AL16UTF16;

 

如果提示：

    ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

则更改使用以下语句:

    ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;

如果提示：

    ORA-01109: database not open

则更改使用以下语句:

    ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

 

如果提示：

    ORA-12719: operation requires database is in RESTRICTED mode

则更改使用以下语句:

    ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;

 

如果提示：

    ORA-12721: operation cannot execute when other sessions are active

则更改使用以下语句:

    SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE; 
    STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE;

如果还是提示同样的错误，则：

select sid,serial#,username,machine from v$session;查看有哪些SESSION，然后

alter system kill session 'sid'serial#' immediate;

alter system kill session '158,7' immediate;