使用Python实现多线程、多进程、异步IO的socket通信

多线程实现socket通信服务器端代码

import socket
import threading

class MyServer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化socket
        self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        # 设置服务器IP地址
        host = '192.168.152.1'
        # 设置服务器端口号
        port = 4321
        # 绑定IP地址和端口
        self.server.bind((host, port))
        # 设置最大监听数
        self.server.listen(5)
        # 设置一个字典，用来保存每一个客户端的连接和身份信息
        self.socket_mapping = {}
        # 设置接收的最大字节数
        self.maxSize = 1024

    def run(self):
        while True:
            socket, addr = self.server.accept()
            # 发送信息，提示客户端已成功连接
            socket.send('success！'.encode('utf-8'))
            # 将客户端socket等信息存入字典
            self.socket_mapping[socket] = addr
            # 创建线程，负责获取键盘输入并发送给客户端
            threading.Thread(target=self.send_to_client, args=(socket,)).start()
            # 创建线程，负责接收客户端信息并转发给其他客户端
            threading.Thread(target=self.recv_from_client, args=(socket,)).start()

    def send_to_client(self, socket):
        """
        获取键盘输入并发送给客户端
        :param socket:
        :return:
        """
        while True:
            info = input()
            if info == "quit":
                socket.close()
            for socket in self.socket_mapping.keys():
                socket.send(info.encode("utf-8"))

    def recv_from_client(self, socket):
        """
        接收客户端信息并转发给其他客户端
        :param socket:
        :return:
        """
        while True:
            recv_info = socket.recv(self.maxSize).decode('utf-8')
            print('client{} say: '.format(self.socket_mapping[socket]), recv_info)
            for i_socket in self.socket_mapping.keys():
                if i_socket != socket:
                    i_socket.send(recv_info.encode("utf-8"))

my_server = MyServer()
my_server.run()

多进程实现socket通信服务器端代码

存在的问题：在与客户端连通后，需要服务器先发送两条消息，之后才能正常通信。

import os
import socket
import sys
from multiprocessing import Process, Manager

class MyServer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化socket
        self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        # 设置服务器IP地址
        host = '192.168.152.1'
        # 设置服务器端口号
        port = 4321
        # 绑定IP地址和端口
        self.server.bind((host, port))
        # 设置最大监听数
        self.server.listen(5)
        # 设置一个字典，用来保存每一个客户端的连接和身份信息
        self.socket_mapping = Manager().dict()
        # 设置接收的最大字节数
        self.maxSize = 1024
        # 进程锁
        self.share_lock = Manager().Lock()

    def run(self):
        fn = sys.stdin.fileno()
        while True:
            socket, addr = self.server.accept()
            # 发送信息，提示客户端已成功连接
            socket.send('success！'.encode('utf-8'))
            # 将客户端socket等信息存入字典
            self.modify_mapping(self.socket_mapping, addr, socket, self.share_lock)
            # 创建进程，负责获取键盘输入并发送给客户端
            Process(target=self.send_to_client, args=(addr, fn)).start()
            # 创建进程，负责接收客户端信息并转发给其他客户端
            Process(target=self.recv_from_client, args=(addr,)).start()

    def send_to_client(self, addr, fn):
        """
        获取键盘输入并发送给客户端
        :param addr:
        :return:
        """
        sys.stdin = os.fdopen(fn)
        while True:
            info = sys.stdin.readline()
            if info == "quit":
                self.socket_mapping[addr].close()
            for socket in self.socket_mapping.values():
                socket.send(info.encode("utf-8"))

    def recv_from_client(self, addr):
        """
        接收客户端信息并转发给其他客户端
        :param addr:
        :return:
        """
        while True:
            recv_info = self.socket_mapping.get(addr).recv(self.maxSize).decode('utf-8')
            print('client{} say: '.format(addr), recv_info)
            for i_addr in self.socket_mapping.keys():
                if i_addr != addr:
                    self.socket_mapping.get(i_addr).send(recv_info.encode("utf-8"))

    @staticmethod
    def modify_mapping(share_var, share_key, share_value, share_lock):
        # 获取锁
        share_lock.acquire()
        # 修改数据
        share_var[share_key] = share_value
        # 释放锁
        share_lock.release()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    my_server = MyServer()
    my_server.run()

异步IO实现socket通信服务器端代码

存在的问题：通信时需要相互发送几次消息后，各自才会收到之前的消息并打印。

import socket
import asyncio
import select

class MyServer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化socket
        self.server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        # 设置服务器IP地址
        host = '192.168.152.1'
        # 设置服务器端口号
        port = 4321
        # 绑定IP地址和端口
        self.server.bind((host, port))
        # 设置最大监听数
        self.server.listen(5)
        # 设置一个字典，用来保存每一个客户端的连接和身份信息
        self.socket_mapping = {self.server: None}  # 这里存入self.server是为了充当select.select参数
        # 设置接收的最大字节数
        self.maxSize = 1024
        # 进入事件循环
        self.loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

    def run(self):
        while True:
            # select监听请求对象
            rret, _, _ = select.select(self.socket_mapping.keys(), [], [])
            for r_socket in rret:
                if r_socket is self.server:
                    socket, addr = r_socket.accept()
                    # 发送信息，提示客户端已成功连接
                    socket.send('success！'.encode('utf-8'))
                    # 将客户端socket等信息存入字典
                    self.socket_mapping[socket] = addr
                else:
                    task = [self.send_to_client(r_socket), self.recv_from_client(r_socket)]
                    self.loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*task))

    async def send_to_client(self, socket):
        """
        获取键盘输入并发送给客户端
        :param socket:
        :return:
        """
        info = input()
        if info == "quit":
            socket.close()
        for socket in self.socket_mapping.keys():
            if socket != self.server:
                socket.send(info.encode("utf-8"))

    async def recv_from_client(self, socket):
        """
        接收客户端信息并转发给其他客户端
        :param socket:
        :return:
        """
        recv_info = socket.recv(self.maxSize).decode('utf-8')
        print('client{} say: '.format(self.socket_mapping[socket]), recv_info)
        for i_socket in self.socket_mapping.keys():
            if i_socket != socket and i_socket != self.server:
                i_socket.send(recv_info.encode("utf-8"))

my_server = MyServer()
my_server.run()

客户端代码（使用多线程）

import socket
import threading

class MyClient(object):
    def __init__(self):
        # 初始化socket
        self.client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        # 设置服务器IP地址
        self.host = '192.168.152.1'
        # 设置服务器端口号
        self.port = 4321
        # 设置接收的最大字节数
        self.max_size = 1024

    def run(self):
        # 与服务器建立连接
        self.client.connect((self.host, self.port))
        # 创建线程，负责获取键盘输入并发送给服务器
        threading.Thread(target=self.sned_to_server).start()
        # 创建线程，接收服务器信息
        threading.Thread(target=self.recv_from_server).start()

    def sned_to_server(self):
        """
        获取键盘输入并发送给服务器
        """
        while True:
            send_msg = input()
            self.client.send(send_msg.encode('utf-8'))
            if send_msg == 'quit':
                break
        self.client.close()

    def recv_from_server(self):
        """
        接收服务器信息
        """
        while True:
            recv_info = self.client.recv(self.max_size).decode('utf-8')
            print('server{} say: '.format((self.host, self.port)), recv_info)

my_client = MyClient()
my_client.run()