Given a binary tree, determine if it is a valid binary search tree (BST).

Assume a BST is defined as follows:

  • The left subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys less than the node's key.
  • The right subtree of a node contains only nodes with keys greater than the node's key.
  • Both the left and right subtrees must also be binary search trees.

解题思路1:

1、中序遍历二叉树,并将遍历结果装进数组。

2、检查数组是否由低到高依次排列。

注意:如果两个结点值一样,也判定为false;

代码:

 /**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
bool isValidBST(TreeNode* root) {
vector<int> nums;
stack<TreeNode*> nodes;
TreeNode* curNode = root; while (curNode || !nodes.empty()) {
while (curNode) {
nodes.push(curNode);
curNode = curNode->left;
} curNode = nodes.top();
nodes.pop();
nums.push_back(curNode->val);
curNode = curNode->right;
} for (int i = ; i < nums.size(); ++i) {
if (nums[i] <= nums[i-])
return false;
} return true;
}
};

解题思路2:

判断一个二叉树是不是二叉搜索树,除了判断是否满足 “左侧子树所有结点 < 当前结点 < 右侧子树所有结点”的方式外;

还可以判断是否满足:

1、子树的最左结点(最小结点),大于子树的“左父亲”;

2、子树中,每个结点大于自己的左儿子;

(“左父亲”:结点是自己的右子树的左父亲)

使用中序遍历的方式,判断一个子树是否满足二叉查找树:

0、遍历之前记录子树的“左父亲”的值;

1、判断左子树是否满足二叉查找树;

2、如果此结点没有左孩子,则判断此结点值,是否大于整个子树的“左父亲”(如果树没有“左父亲”,即没有父亲或者是父亲的左子树,则跳过此步);

3、如果此结点有左孩子,则判断此结点值,是否大于自己的左孩子;

4、将这个点作为“左父亲”,检查此结点的右子树是否是二叉查找树;

代码实现:

新建一个left指针,用于保存子树的“左父亲”或者结点左儿子;

如果当前结点是整个子树的最左结点,则left保存的是“左父亲”,结点需要>“左父亲”;

如果当前结点有左孩子,则left保存的是“左孩子”,结点需要>“左孩子”;

代码:

(注意left必须是地址形式在函数内可改,否则从左子树判定返回时,不能记录当前结点左儿子的数据)

 /**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* struct TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode *left;
* TreeNode *right;
* TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
* };
*/
class Solution {
public:
bool isValidBST(TreeNode* root) {
TreeNode* left = NULL;
return validate(root, left);
} bool validate(TreeNode* node, TreeNode* &left) {
if (node == NULL)
return true;
if (validate(node->left, left) == false)
return false;
if (left != NULL && left->val >= node->val)
return false;
left = node;
return validate(node->right, left);
}
};

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