elasticsearch数据过期删除处理

一、概述

使用elasticsearch收集日志进行处理，时间久了，很老的数据就没用了或者用途不是很大，这个时候就要对过期数据进行清理.这里介绍两种方式清理这种过期的数据。

1、curator

关于版本：

安装：

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/curator/current/installation.html

我使用的是ubuntu系统，所以参考的是https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/curator/current/apt-repository.html

wget -qO - https://packages.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | sudo apt-key add -

vim  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/curator.list
deb [arch=amd64] https://packages.elastic.co/curator/5/debian stable main

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install elasticsearch-curator

我使用的是elasticsearch-6.5.1，所以安装的是curator5.

安装完成后会生成两个命令：curator、curator_cli,这里我们只先用到curator。

需要创建配置文件：有两个文件一个是config、一个是action

mkdir  {/etc/curator,/data/curator}

config：

# cat config_file.yml
client:
  hosts:
    - 127.0.0.1
  port:
  url_prefix:
  use_ssl: False
  certficate:
  client_cert:
  client_key:
  ssl_no_validate: False
  http_auth:
  timeout:
  master_only: true
logging:
  loglevel: INFO
  logfile: "/data/curator/action.log"
  logformat: default

action:

# cat action_file.yml

---
actions:
  :
    action: delete_indices
    description: >-
      Delete indices older than  days (based on index name), for logstash-
      prefixed indices. Ignore the error if the filter does not result in an
      actionable list of indices (ignore_empty_list) and exit cleanly.
    options:
      ignore_empty_list: True
      timeout_override:
      continue_if_exception: False
      disable_action: False
    filters:
    - filtertype: pattern
      kind: regex
      value: '^apm-6.5.1-transaction-|^apm-6.5.1-span-'
      exclude:
    - filtertype: age
      source: name
      direction: older
      timestring: '%Y.%m.%d'
      unit: days
      unit_count:
      exclude:

  :
    action: delete_indices
    description: >-
      Delete indices older than  days (based on index name), for logstash-
      prefixed indices. Ignore the error if the filter does not result in an
      actionable list of indices (ignore_empty_list) and exit cleanly.
    options:
      ignore_empty_list: True
      timeout_override:
      continue_if_exception: False
      disable_action: False
    filters:
    - filtertype: pattern
      kind: prefix
      value: loadbalance-api-
      exclude:
    - filtertype: age
      source: name
      direction: older
      timestring: '%Y-%m-%d'
      unit: days
      unit_count:
      exclude:

---
actions:
  :
    action: delete_indices
    description: >-
      Delete indices older than  days (based on index name), for logstash-
      prefixed indices. Ignore the error if the filter does not result in an
      actionable list of indices (ignore_empty_list) and exit cleanly.
    options:
      ignore_empty_list: True
      timeout_override:
      continue_if_exception: False
      disable_action: False
    filters:
    - filtertype: pattern
      kind: regex
      value: 'fluentd-k8s-(2019.02.11|2019.02.12)$'
      exclude: true
    - filtertype: pattern
      kind: prefix
      value: fluentd-k8s-
      exclude:
    - filtertype: age
      source: name
      direction: older
      timestring: '%Y.%m.%d'
      unit: days
      unit_count:
      exclude:

可以设置多个action，每个都以不同的数字分割，使用不同的清理策略，具体可以参考https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/client/curator/5.6/actions.html

注意自己的index的格式，比如我这里的时间格式有两种：

注意匹配，否则那个action就返回空列表，从而不会删除。

这个历史数据重要的会先落地到hdfs，然后在删除。这个日期根据自己服务器的磁盘和日志的重要性自己规划。重要的比如双11的数据不想删除，想留下来可以写到exclude里面，

或者做一个snapshot备份。接下来设置一个定时任务去删除就好了。

crontab -e
*  *  */ * *  curator --config /etc/curator/config_file.yml  /etc/curator/action_file.yml

2、使用脚本删除

# cat es-dele-indices.sh
#!/bin/bash
#delete elasticsearch indices
searchIndex=fluentd-k8s
elastic_url=127.0.0.1
elastic_port=

date2stamp(){
  date --utc --date "$1" +%s
}

dateDiff(){
  case $ in
    -s)  sec=;     shift;;
    -m)  sec=;    shift;;
    -h)  sec=;  shift;;
    -d)  sec=; shift;;
     *)  sec=; shift;;
  esac
  dte1=$(date2stamp $)
  dte2=$(date2stamp $)
  diffSec=$((dte2-dte1))
  if ((diffSec < )); then abs=-; else abs=; fi
  echo $((diffSec/sec*abs))
}

for index in $(curl -s "${elastic_url}:${elastic_port}/_cat/indices?v" | grep -E " ${searchIndex}-20[0-9][0-9]\.[0-1][0-9]\.[0-3][0-9]" | awk '{     print $3 }');do
  date=$(echo ${index: -}|sed 's/\./-/g')
  cond=$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
  diff=$(dateDiff -d $date $cond)
  echo -n "${index} (${diff})"
  if [ $diff -gt  ]; then
    #echo "/ DELETE"
    curl -XDELETE "${elastic_url}:${elastic_port}/${index}?pretty"
  else
    echo ""
  fi
done