SpringCloud + Seata1.5.0（使用docker安装配置Seata；数据存储mysql、配置中心与注册中心nacos）

1、seata介绍

Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC、SAGA 和 XA 事务模式，为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。

四种模式对比（默认使用AT模式）

特性　　　　 XA 　　　　　　　　AT　　　　 　　TCC　　　　 　　　　　SAGA
一致性　　　 强一致　　　　　 弱一致　　　　　　 弱一致　　　　　　　     最终一致
隔离性 　　　完全隔离 　　　　基于全局锁隔离　　 基于资源预留隔离 　　　无隔离
代码侵入 　　无 　　　　　　　　无 　　　　　　　有　　　　　　　　 　　要编写三个接口 有，要编写状态机和补偿业务
性能 　　　　差 　　　　　　　　好 　　　　　　　非常好　　　　　　　　 非常好

试用场景

XA：对一致性、隔离性有高要求的业务

AT：基于关系型数据库的大多数分布式事务场景都可以

TCC：对性能要求较高的事务。有非关系型数据库要参与的事务。

SAGA：业务流程长、业务流程多参与者包含其它公司或遗留系统服务，无法提供 TCC 模式要求的三个接口

2、seata术语

TC (Transaction Coordinator) - 事务协调者

维护全局和分支事务的状态，驱动全局事务提交或回滚。

TM (Transaction Manager) - 事务管理器

定义全局事务的范围：开始全局事务、提交或回滚全局事务。

RM (Resource Manager) - 资源管理器

管理分支事务处理的资源，与TC交谈以注册分支事务和报告分支事务的状态，并驱动分支事务提交或回滚

3、docker部署seata-1.5.0

seata版本 1.4启动配置文件与1.5. 不一样，1.4使用到了file.conf和registry.conf，而1.5.0以后的版本只用到了application.yml 一个配置文件，本案例使用1.5.0

3.1：拉取docker镜像

docker pull seataio/seata-server:1.5.0

3.2：在mysql数据库中创建seate所需要的表

-- the table to store GlobalSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `global_table`
(
    `xid`                       VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`            BIGINT,
    `status`                    TINYINT      NOT NULL,
    `application_id`            VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_service_group` VARCHAR(32),
    `transaction_name`          VARCHAR(128),
    `timeout`                   INT,
    `begin_time`                BIGINT,
    `application_data`          VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`                DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`              DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`xid`),
    KEY `idx_gmt_modified_status` (`gmt_modified`, `status`),
    KEY `idx_transaction_id` (`transaction_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store BranchSession data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `branch_table`
(
    `branch_id`         BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `xid`               VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `transaction_id`    BIGINT,
    `resource_group_id` VARCHAR(32),
    `resource_id`       VARCHAR(256),
    `branch_type`       VARCHAR(8),
    `status`            TINYINT,
    `client_id`         VARCHAR(64),
    `application_data`  VARCHAR(2000),
    `gmt_create`        DATETIME(6),
    `gmt_modified`      DATETIME(6),
    PRIMARY KEY (`branch_id`),
    KEY `idx_xid` (`xid`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

-- the table to store lock data
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `lock_table`
(
    `row_key`        VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
    `xid`            VARCHAR(128),
    `transaction_id` BIGINT,
    `branch_id`      BIGINT       NOT NULL,
    `resource_id`    VARCHAR(256),
    `table_name`     VARCHAR(32),
    `pk`             VARCHAR(36),
    `gmt_create`     DATETIME,
    `gmt_modified`   DATETIME,
    PRIMARY KEY (`row_key`),
    KEY `idx_branch_id` (`branch_id`)
) ENGINE = InnoDB
  DEFAULT CHARSET = utf8;

3.3：创建配置文件，启动seata获取配置文件

docker run -d  --name  seata-server -p 8091:8091 seataio/seata-server:1.5.0

3.4：将容器内的配置文件拷贝到宿主机目录（创建宿主机目录：mkdir /home/seata）

docker cp seata-server:/seata-server/resources /home/seata

3.5:修改/home/seata/seata-server/resources/application.yaml文件，配置nacos注册中心与配置中心，配置mysql为store存储

server:
  port: 7091

spring:
  application:
    name: seata-server

logging:
  config: classpath:logback-spring.xml
  file:
    path: ${user.home}/logs/seata
  extend:
    logstash-appender:
      destination: 127.0.0.1:4560
    kafka-appender:
      bootstrap-servers: 127.0.0.1:9092
      topic: logback_to_logstash

console:
  user:
    username: seata
    password: seata

seata:
  config:
    # support: nacos, consul, apollo, zk, etcd3
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: 192.168.168.210:8848
      namespace:
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      ##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute
      # access-key: ""
      # secret-key: ""
      data-id: seataServer.propertie
  registry:
    # support: nacos, eureka, redis, zk, consul, etcd3, sofa
    type: nacos
    preferred-networks: 30.240.*
    nacos:
      application: seata-server
      server-addr: 192.168.168.210:8848
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      namespace:
      cluster: default
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      ##if use MSE Nacos with auth, mutex with username/password attribute
      # access-key: ""
      # secret-key: ""
  store:
    # support: file 、 db 、 redis
    mode: db
    db:
      datasource: druid
      db-type: mysql
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
      url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.168.194:3306/seata?rewriteBatchedStatements=true
      user: root
      password: root
      min-conn: 5
      max-conn: 100
      global-table: global_table
      branch-table: branch_table
      lock-table: lock_table
      distributed-lock-table: distributed_lock
      query-limit: 100
      max-wait: 5000
#  server:
#    service-port: 8091 #If not configured, the default is '${server.port} + 1000'
  security:
    secretKey: SeataSecretKey0c382ef121d778043159209298fd40bf3850a017
    tokenValidityInMilliseconds: 1800000
    ignore:
      urls: /,/**/*.css,/**/*.js,/**/*.html,/**/*.map,/**/*.svg,/**/*.png,/**/*.ico,/console-fe/public/**,/api/v1/auth/login

3.6：删除之前容器（docker rm -f seata-server）重新使用docker启动Seata

docker run -d  --name  seata-server -p 8091:8091  -e SEATA_IP=192.168.168.200  -v /home/seata:/seata-server seataio/seata-server:1.5.0

3.7：查看启动log，docker logs -f seata-server

3.8：nacos注册中心查看服务列表seata-server是否注册成功

4、SpringCloud 整合Seata项目

4.1：项目架构

4.1：引入pom.xml依赖

        <!--seata-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
                    <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
        <!--seata支持YML配置-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>${seata.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.seata</groupId>
            <artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
            <version>${seata.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--nacos-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--feign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

4.2、seata-account-samples yaml 与其他两个服务配置基本差不多（seata的配置中心与注册中心必须和seata-server保持一致）

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  application:
    name: seata-account-samples
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        #nacos服务地址
        server-addr: 192.168.168.210:8848
        #nacos命名空间ID 30d9ed4b-2d03-46e3-a37d-5fd3796aaa8f
        namespace: ""
    alibaba:
      seata:
        #事务群组，要和下方vgroup-mapping保持一致（可以每个应用独立取名，也可以使用相同的名字），要与服务端nacos-config.txt中service.vgroup_mapping中存在,并且要保证多个群组情况下后缀名要保持一致-tx_group
        tx-service-group: ${spring.application.name}-tx_group

  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/seata_account?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
    username: root
    password: root

seata:
  application-id: ${spring.application.name}
  #数据源代理模式使用AT模式(可以不用配置，seata默认使用AT模式)
  data-source-proxy-mode: AT
  #事务群组（可以每个应用独立取名，也可以使用相同的名字），要与服务端nacos-config.txt中service.vgroup_mapping中存在,并且要保证多个群组情况下后缀名要保持一致-tx_group
  service:
    vgroup-mapping:
      seata-account-samples-tx_group: default

  registry:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      #seata分组名称
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      #nacos命名空间ID
      namespace: ""
      #seata服务名
      application: seata-server

  config:
    type: nacos
    nacos:
      server-addr: ${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}
      username: nacos
      password: nacos
      #seata分组名称
      group: SEATA_GROUP
      #nacos命名空间ID
      namespace: ""

mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  configuration:
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

4.3：seata-account-samples扣减余额业务业务，此处模拟异常发生，全局事务回滚

@Service
public class AccountServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<AccountMapper, Account> implements AccountService{

    @Autowired
    private AccountMapper accountMapper;

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AccountServiceImpl.class);
    @Override
    public void decrease(Long userId, BigDecimal money) {
        System.out.println("seata-account-samples中扣减账户余额开始");
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-account-samples中扣减账户余额开始-------<");
        //模拟超时异常，全局事务回滚
        try {
            // 这段代码的主要作用就是  给你时间去看数据库的变化
            Thread.sleep(20*1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // 这段代码就是模拟  发生异常
        System.out.println(1/0);
        accountMapper.decrease(userId,money);
        System.out.println("seata-account-samples中扣减账户余额结束");
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-account-samples中扣减账户余额结束-------<");
    }

4.4：seata-storage-samples 扣减库存业务

@Service
public class StorageServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<StorageMapper, Storage> implements StorageService {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(StorageServiceImpl.class);

    @Autowired
    private StorageMapper storageMapper;

    @Override
    public void decrease(Long productId, Integer count) {
        System.out.println("seata-storage-samples中扣减库存开始");
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-storage-samples中扣减库存开始-------<");
        storageMapper.decrease(productId, count);
        System.out.println("seata-storage-samples中扣减库存结束");
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-storage-samples中扣减库存结束-------<");
    }

}

4.5：seata-order-samples rpc远程调用扣减库存与扣减金额

@Repository
@FeignClient(value = "seata-account-samples")
public interface AccountFeignClient {

    // 扣减账户余额
    @PostMapping("/account/decrease/{userId}/{money}")
    CommonResult decrease(@PathVariable("userId") Long userId, @PathVariable("money") BigDecimal money);

}

@Repository
@FeignClient(value = "seata-storage-samples")
public interface StorageFeignClient {

    /**
     * @param productId 产品id
     * @return com.seata.order.config.CommonResult
     * @throws
     * @param: count    数量*/
    @PostMapping("/storage/decrease/{productId}/{count}")
    CommonResult decrease(@PathVariable("productId") Long productId, @PathVariable("count") Integer count);
}

订单业务（业务方法上加上@GlobalTransactional注解，开启分布式事务）

@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<OrderMapper, Order> implements OrderService {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderServiceImpl.class);

    @Autowired
    private AccountFeignClient accountFeignClient;

    @Autowired
    private StorageFeignClient storageFeignClient;

    @Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;

    /**
     * 创建订单->调用库存服务扣减库存->调用账户服务扣减账户余额->修改订单状态
     */
    @Override
    //开启分布式事务
    @GlobalTransactional
    public void create(Order order) {
        LOGGER.info("------->下单开始");
        //本应用创建订单
        orderMapper.insertOrder(order);

        //远程调用库存服务扣减库存
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中扣减库存开始-------<");
        storageFeignClient.decrease(order.getProductId(), order.getCount());
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中扣减库存结束-------<");
        //远程调用账户服务扣减余额
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中扣减余额开始-------<");
        LOGGER.info("扣减金额：{}",order.getMoney());
        accountFeignClient.decrease(order.getUserId(), order.getMoney());
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中扣减余额结束-------<");

        //修改订单状态为已完成
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中修改订单状态开始-------<");
        orderMapper.update(order.getUserId(), 0);
        LOGGER.info("------->seata-order-samples中修改订单状态结束-------<");

        LOGGER.info("------->下单结束");
    }

}

4.6：业务表

SET NAMES utf8mb4;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for account
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `account`;
CREATE TABLE `account`  (
  `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
  `user_id` bigint(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
  `total` decimal(10, 0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总额度',
  `used` decimal(10, 0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用余额',
  `residue` decimal(10, 0) NULL DEFAULT 0 COMMENT '剩余可用额度',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of account
-- ----------------------------
INSERT INTO `account` VALUES (1, 1, 1000, 0, 1000);

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for undo_log
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `undo_log`;
CREATE TABLE `undo_log`  (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `branch_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
  `xid` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `context` varchar(128) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `rollback_info` longblob NOT NULL,
  `log_status` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `log_created` datetime(0) NOT NULL,
  `log_modified` datetime(0) NOT NULL,
  `ext` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
  UNIQUE INDEX `ux_undo_log`(`xid`, `branch_id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for order
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `order`;
CREATE TABLE `order`  (
  `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `user_id` bigint(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户id',
  `product_id` bigint(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
  `count` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `money` decimal(11, 0) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '金额',
  `status` int(1) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '订单状态：0：创建中；1：已完结',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 16 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for storage
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `storage`;
CREATE TABLE `storage`  (
  `id` bigint(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `product_id` bigint(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '产品id',
  `total` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '总库存',
  `used` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '已用库存',
  `residue` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '剩余库存',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 2 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

4.7：启动服务

观察seata日志 docker logs -f seata-server

查看服务是否已注册到nacos,已注册成功

4.8：调用创建订单接口：http://localhost:8083/order/create
查看Seata日志

查看控制台输出

数据库动态变化可自行查看，全局事务回滚后，所有的undo_log日志将会被删除