Python/Django 下载Excel2003

一、安装

　　目前支持Excel2003的第三方库多少还有几个，本文使用的是xlwt，安装方式命令行：pip install xlwt

二、使用

　　首先、引入该库，例如：from xlwt import *

　　其次、

　　　　创建Excel文件，如：workbook = Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8')

　　　　创建Excel sheet，如：worksheet = workbook.add_sheet("Summary")，即sheet名称为Summary

　　　　常用方式：

　　　　　　设置列宽：worksheet.col(0).width = 10000，即设置第一列宽度为10000，Excel文件的行列索引均从0开始

　　　　　　写数据：worksheet.write(row, column, domain_title[column], style.head)， 写入第row+1行，column+1列的单元格数据 domain_title[column]，设置的格式style.head

　　　　　　此处格式的定义如：　

head = easyxf("""
        font:
            name Arial,
            colour_index white,
            bold on,
            height 0xA0;
        align:
            wrap off,
            vert center,
            horiz center;
        pattern:
            pattern solid,
            fore-colour 0x19;
        borders:
            left THIN,
            right THIN,
            top THIN,
            bottom THIN;
        """)
body = easyxf("""
        font:
            name Arial,
            bold off,
            height 0XA0;
        align:
            wrap on,
            vert center,
            horiz left;
        borders:
            left THIN,
            right THIN,
            top THIN,
            bottom THIN;
        """)

　　　　　　以上为一些设置的格式，使用xlwt的类EasyXF创建。

　　　　获取某个sheet， 如：worksheet = workbook.get_sheet("Summary")，则可获取sheet 名称为Summary的sheet

第三、保存输出

　　输出到Response流：

　　 out = BytesIO()
    workbook.save(out)
    out.seek(0)
    response = HttpResponse(out.getvalue(), content_type = 'application/vnd.ms-excel')
    dt = datetime.datetime.now()
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename={} {}.xls'.format(urlquote(domain_name), dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
    print("end downloading...")
    return response

　　以上，值得一提的是，如果你的Excel文件的名称含有中文，请使用urlquote包装一下，这样下载下来的Excel文件中文名才能正常显示，上面也是因为文件名含有中文才使用的这个函数的；引入的方式：from django.utils.http import urlquote

　　至此、下载完成。

贴下代码：

# coding: UTF-8

from io import BytesIO

import pandas
from django.http import HttpResponse, StreamingHttpResponse
from django.utils import timezone as datetime
from django.utils.http import urlquote
from xlwt import *

from automation import style
from automation.ecarxzip import ZipFile
from automation.tasks import *
from web.settings import DOWNLOAD_URL

def download_excel(request, task_id, domain_name = '全部'):
    print("start downloading xls...", task_id)

    domains = [{'domain_name': domain_name}]
    ai_task = AITask.objects.get(id = task_id)
    if '全部' == domain_name:
        if 1 == ai_task.type:
            domains = Classification.objects.values('domain_name').distinct().filter(type = 1)
        elif 2 == ai_task.type:
            domains = Classification.objects.values('domain_name').distinct().filter(type = 2)
        else:
            pass

    summaries = []
    summary_title = ["Domain", "Pass", "Fail"]
    domain_title = ['Domain', 'One level', 'Two level', 'Semantic', 'Priority', 'Intent group', 'Intent', 'Result',
                    'Handle time', 'Response time', 'Server Domain', 'Detail']

    workbook = Workbook(encoding = 'utf-8')
    worksheet = workbook.add_sheet("Summary")
    for column in range(len(summary_title)):
        worksheet.write(0, column, summary_title[column], style.head)

    for domain in domains:
        dmain_name = domain["domain_name"]
        reports = ai_task.report.filter(semantic__classification__domain_name__exact = dmain_name)
        if len(reports):
            row = pass_no = fail_no = 0
            worksheet = workbook.add_sheet(dmain_name)
            worksheet.col(3).width = worksheet.col(5).width = worksheet.col(6).width = 7000
            worksheet.col(11).width = 10000
            for column in range(len(domain_title)):
                worksheet.write(row, column, domain_title[column], style.head)

            for report in reports:
                row = row + 1
                semantic = report.semantic
                classification = semantic.classification
                worksheet.write(row, 0, classification.domain_name, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 1, classification.first_classification, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 2, classification.second_classification, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 3, semantic.name, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 4, classification.semantic_property, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 5, classification.intent_group, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 6, classification.intent, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 7, report.result, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 8, report.in_handle_time, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 9, report.ex_handle_time, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 10, report.server_domain, style.body)
                worksheet.write(row, 11, report.description[:32767], style.large_text)

                if "pass" == report.result:
                    pass_no = pass_no + 1
                elif "fail" == report.result:
                    fail_no = fail_no + 1
            summaries.append((dmain_name, pass_no, fail_no))

    row = 0
    worksheet = workbook.get_sheet("Summary")
    for dmain_name, pass_no, fail_no in summaries:
        row = row + 1
        worksheet.write(row, 0, dmain_name, style.body)
        worksheet.write(row, 1, pass_no, style.body)
        worksheet.write(row, 2, fail_no, style.body)

    out = BytesIO()
    workbook.save(out)
    out.seek(0)
    response = HttpResponse(out.getvalue(), content_type = 'application/vnd.ms-excel')
    dt = datetime.datetime.now()
    response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment;filename={} {}.xls'.format(urlquote(domain_name), dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'))
    print("end downloading...")
    return response