吴裕雄--天生自然python编程：实例(1)

str = "www.runoob.com"
print(str.upper())          # 把所有字符中的小写字母转换成大写字母
print(str.lower())          # 把所有字符中的大写字母转换成小写字母
print(str.capitalize())     # 把第一个字母转化为大写字母，其余小写
print(str.title())          # 把每个单词的第一个字母转化为大写，其余小写 

import calendar
monthRange = calendar.monthrange(2016,9)
print(monthRange)

# 引入 datetime 模块
import datetime

def getYesterday():
    today=datetime.date.today()
    oneday=datetime.timedelta(days=1)
    yesterday=today-oneday
    return yesterday

# 输出
print(getYesterday())

li = ["a", "b", "mpilgrim", "z", "example"]
print(li)
print(li[1])
print(li[-1])
print(li[1:3])
print(li[1:-1])
print(li[0:3])
li.append("new")
print(li)
li.insert(2, "new")
print(li)
li.extend(["two", "elements"])
print(li)
print(li.index("example"))
li.remove("z")
print(li)
print(li.pop())

li = ['a', 'b', 'mpilgrim']
print(li)
li = li + ['example', 'new']
print(li)
li += ['two']
print(li)
li = [1, 2] * 3
print(li)

params = {"server":"mpilgrim", "database":"master", "uid":"sa", "pwd":"secret"}
print(params)
aa = ["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in params.items()]
print(aa)
bb = ";".join(["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in params.items()])
print(bb)
li = ['server=mpilgrim', 'uid=sa', 'database=master', 'pwd=secret']
print(li)
s = ";".join(li)
print(s)
print(s.split(";"))
print(s.split(";", 1))

li = [1, 9, 8, 4]
print(li)
aa = [elem*2 for elem in li]
print(aa)
params = {"server":"mpilgrim", "database":"master", "uid":"sa", "pwd":"secret"}
print(params.keys())
print(params.values())
print(params.items())
bb = [k for k, v in params.items()]
print(bb)
cc = [v for k, v in params.items()]
print(cc)
dd = ["%s=%s" % (k, v) for k, v in params.items()]
print(dd)
li = ["a", "mpilgrim", "foo", "b", "c", "b", "d", "d"]
print(li)
ee = [elem for elem in li if len(elem) > 1]
print(ee)
ff = [elem for elem in li if elem != "b"]
print(ff)
gg = [elem for elem in li if li.count(elem) == 1]
print(gg)

people={}
for x in range(1,31):
    people[x]=1
# print(people)
check=0
i=1
j=0
while i<=31:
    if i == 31:
        i=1
    elif j == 15:
        break
    else:
        if people[i] == 0:
            i+=1
            continue
        else:
            check+=1
            if check == 9:
                people[i]=0
                check = 0
                print("{}号下船了".format(i))
                j+=1
            else:
                i+=1
                continue

import time

print('按下回车开始计时，按下 Ctrl + C 停止计时。')
while True:
    try:
        input() # 如果是 python 2.x 版本请使用 raw_input()
        starttime = time.time()
        print('开始')
        while True:
            print('计时: ', round(time.time() - starttime, 0), '秒', end="\r")
            time.sleep(1)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print('结束')
        endtime = time.time()
        print('总共的时间为:', round(endtime - starttime, 2),'secs')
        break

def sumOfSeries(n):
    sum = 0
    for i in range(1, n+1):
        sum +=i*i*i

    return sum

# 调用函数
n = 5
print(sumOfSeries(n))

# 定义函数，arr 为数组，n 为数组长度，可作为备用参数，这里没有用到
def _sum(arr,n):

    # 使用内置的 sum 函数计算
    return(sum(arr))

# 调用函数
arr=[]
# 数组元素
arr = [12, 3, 4, 15]

# 计算数组元素的长度
n = len(arr)

ans = _sum(arr,n)

# 输出结果
print ('数组元素之和为',ans)

def leftRotate(arr, d, n):
    for i in range(d):
        leftRotatebyOne(arr, n)
def leftRotatebyOne(arr, n):
    temp = arr[0]
    for i in range(n-1):
        arr[i] = arr[i+1]
    arr[n-1] = temp

def printArray(arr,size):
    for i in range(size):
        print ("%d"% arr[i],end=" ")

arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
leftRotate(arr, 2, 7)
printArray(arr, 7)

def swapList(newList):
    size = len(newList)
    temp = newList[0]
    newList[0] = newList[size - 1]
    newList[size - 1] = temp
    return newList

newList = [1, 2, 3]

print(swapList(newList))

def swapPositions(list, pos1, pos2):
    list[pos1], list[pos2] = list[pos2], list[pos1]
    return list

List = [23, 65, 19, 90]
pos1, pos2  = 1, 3

print(swapPositions(List, pos1-1, pos2-1))

def Reverse(lst):
    return [ele for ele in reversed(lst)]

lst = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
print(Reverse(lst))

def Reverse(lst):
    lst.reverse()
    return lst

lst = [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
print(Reverse(lst))

test_list = [ 1, 6, 3, 5, 3, 4 ]

print("查看 4 是否在列表中 ( 使用循环 ) : ")

for i in test_list:
    if(i == 4) :
        print ("存在")

print("查看 4 是否在列表中 ( 使用 in 关键字 ) : ")

if (4 in test_list):
    print ("存在")

from bisect import bisect_left  

# 初始化列表
test_list_set = [ 1, 6, 3, 5, 3, 4 ]
test_list_bisect = [ 1, 6, 3, 5, 3, 4 ]

print("查看 4 是否在列表中 ( 使用 set() + in) : ")

test_list_set = set(test_list_set)
if 4 in test_list_set :
    print ("存在")

print("查看 4 是否在列表中 ( 使用 sort() + bisect_left() ) : ")

test_list_bisect.sort()
if bisect_left(test_list_bisect, 4):
    print ("存在")

RUNOOB = [6, 0, 4, 1]
print('清空前:', RUNOOB)  

RUNOOB.clear()
print('清空后:', RUNOOB) 

def clone_runoob(li1):
    li_copy = li1[:]
    return li_copy

li1 = [4, 8, 2, 10, 15, 18]
li2 = clone_runoob(li1)
print("原始列表:", li1)
print("复制后列表:", li2)

def clone_runoob(li1):
    li_copy = []
    li_copy.extend(li1)
    return li_copy

li1 = [4, 8, 2, 10, 15, 18]
li2 = clone_runoob(li1)
print("原始列表:", li1)
print("复制后列表:", li2)

def countX(lst, x):
    count = 0
    for ele in lst:
        if (ele == x):
            count = count + 1
    return count

lst = [8, 6, 8, 10, 8, 20, 10, 8, 8]
x = 8
print(countX(lst, x))

def countX(lst, x):
    return lst.count(x)

lst = [8, 6, 8, 10, 8, 20, 10, 8, 8]
x = 8
print(countX(lst, x))

total = 0

list1 = [11, 5, 17, 18, 23]  

for ele in range(0, len(list1)):
    total = total + list1[ele]

print("列表元素之和为: ", total)

total = 0
ele = 0

list1 = [11, 5, 17, 18, 23]  

while(ele < len(list1)):
    total = total + list1[ele]
    ele += 1

print("列表元素之和为: ", total)

list1 = [11, 5, 17, 18, 23]

def sumOfList(list, size):
   if (size == 0):
     return 0
   else:
     return list[size - 1] + sumOfList(list, size - 1)

total = sumOfList(list1, len(list1))

print("列表元素之和为: ", total)

def multiplyList(myList) :
    result = 1
    for x in myList:
         result = result * x
    return result  

list1 = [1, 2, 3]
list2 = [3, 2, 4]
print(multiplyList(list1))
print(multiplyList(list2))