ballerina 学习二十 http/https

提供http && https server && client 访问功能

client endpoint

说白了就是http client

参考代码

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;endpoint http:Client clientEndpoint {

    url: "https://postman-echo.com"

};function main(string... args) { http:Request req = new;

    var response = clientEndpoint->get("/get?test=123"); match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            log:printInfo("GET request:");

            var msg = resp.getJsonPayload();

            match msg {

                json jsonPayload => {

                    log:printInfo(jsonPayload.toString());

                }

                error err => {

                    log:printError(err.message, err = err);

                }

            }

        }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); }

    }

    req.setPayload("POST: Hello World"); response = clientEndpoint->post("/post", request = req);

    match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            log:printInfo("\nPOST request:");

            var msg = resp.getJsonPayload();

            match msg {

                json jsonPayload => {

                    log:printInfo(jsonPayload.toString());

                }

                error err => {

                    log:printError(err.message, err = err);

                }

            }

        }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); } }

    json jsonMsg = { method: "PUT", payload: "Hello World" };

    req.setJsonPayload(jsonMsg); response = clientEndpoint->put("/put", request = req);

    match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            log:printInfo("\nPUT request:");

            var msg = resp.getJsonPayload();

            match msg {

                json jsonPayload => {

                    log:printInfo(jsonPayload.toString());

                }

                error err => {

                    log:printError(err.message, err = err);

                }

            }

        }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); }

    }

    xml xmlMsg = xml `<request>

                        <method>PATCH</method>

                        <payload>Hello World!</payload>

                      </request>`;

    req.setXmlPayload(xmlMsg); response = clientEndpoint->patch("/patch", request = req);

    match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            log:printInfo("\nPATCH request:");

            var msg = resp.getJsonPayload();

            match msg {

                json jsonPayload => {

                    log:printInfo(jsonPayload.toString());

                }

                error err => {

                    log:printError(err.message, err = err);

                }

            }

        }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); }

    } req.setPayload("DELETE: Hello World");

    response = clientEndpoint->delete("/delete", request = req);

    match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            log:printInfo("\nDELETE request:");

            var msg = resp.getJsonPayload();

            match msg {

                json jsonPayload => {

                    log:printInfo(jsonPayload.toString());

                }

                error err => {

                    log:printError(err.message, err = err);

                }

            }

        }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); }

    } req.setPayload("CUSTOM: Hello World");

    response = clientEndpoint->execute("COPY", "/get", req); req = new;

    req.addHeader("Sample-Name", "http-client-connector");

    response = clientEndpoint->get("/get", request = req);

    match response {

        http:Response resp => {

            string contentType = resp.getHeader("Content-Type");

            log:printInfo("\nContent-Type: " + contentType); int statusCode = resp.statusCode;

            log:printInfo("Status code: " + statusCode); }

        error err => { log:printError(err.message, err = err); }

    }

}

输出结果

2018-06-01 21:03:32,032 INFO [] - GET request:

2018-06-01 21:03:32,059 INFO [] - {"args":{"test":"123"},"headers":{"host":"postman-echo.com","user-agent":"ballerina/0.970.1","x-forwarded-port":"443","x-forwarded-proto":"https"},"url":"https://postman-echo.com/get?test=123"}

2018-06-01 21:03:32,633 INFO [] -

POST request:

2018-06-01 21:03:32,636 INFO [] - {"args":{},"data":"POST: Hello World","files":{},"form":{},"headers":{"host":"postman-echo.com","content-length":"17","content-type":"text/plain","user-agent":"ballerina/0.970.1","x-forwarded-port":"443","x-forwarded-proto":"https"},"json":null,"url":"https://postman-echo.com/post"}

2018-06-01 21:03:33,349 INFO [] -

PUT request:

2018-06-01 21:03:33,351 INFO [] - {"args":{},"data":{"method":"PUT","payload":"Hello World"},"files":{},"form":{},"headers":{"host":"postman-echo.com","content-length":"40","content-type":"application/json","user-agent":"ballerina/0.970.1","x-forwarded-port":"443","x-forwarded-proto":"https"},"json":{"method":"PUT","payload":"Hello World"},"url":"https://postman-echo.com/put"}

2018-06-01 21:03:33,861 INFO [] -

PATCH request:

2018-06-01 21:03:33,863 INFO [] - {"args":{},"data":"<request>\n <method>PATCH<\/method>\n <payload>Hello World!<\/payload>\n <\/request>","files":{},"form":{},"headers":{"host":"postman-echo.com","content-length":"145","content-type":"application/xml","user-agent":"ballerina/0.970.1","x-forwarded-port":"443","x-forwarded-proto":"https"},"json":null,"url":"https://postman-echo.com/patch"}

2018-06-01 21:03:34,373 INFO [] -

DELETE request:

2018-06-01 21:03:34,375 INFO [] - {"args":{},"data":"DELETE: Hello World","files":{},"form":{},"headers":{"host":"postman-echo.com","content-length":"19","content-type":"text/plain","user-agent":"ballerina/0.970.1","x-forwarded-port":"443","x-forwarded-proto":"https"},"json":null,"url":"https://postman-echo.com/delete"}

2018-06-01 21:03:35,193 INFO [] -

Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8

2018-06-01 21:03:35,193 INFO [] - Status code: 200

http client redirect

redirect 是服务器端的相应，一般http 客户端不会进行处理，ballerina 有可选的配置参数,同时可以设置最大次数（防止死循环）

参考代码

import ballerina/io;

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;

import ballerina/mime;endpoint http:Client clientEP {

    url: "http://localhost:9090",

    followRedirects: { enabled: true, maxCount: 5 }

};

function main(string... args) {

    var returnResult = clientEP->get("/redirect1");

    match returnResult {

        error connectionErr => log:printError("Error in connection",

            err = connectionErr);

        http:Response resp => {

            match resp.getTextPayload() {

                error e => log:printError("Error in payload", err = e);

                string payload => io:println("Response received : " + payload);

            }

        }

    }

}

@http:ServiceConfig {

    basePath:"/redirect1"

}

service<http:Service> redirect1 bind {port:9090} { @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods:["GET"],

        path:"/"

    }

    redirect1 (endpoint client, http:Request req) {

        http:Response res = new;

        _ = client -> redirect(res, http:REDIRECT_TEMPORARY_REDIRECT_307,

            ["http://localhost:9093/redirect2"]);

    }

}@http:ServiceConfig {

    basePath:"/redirect2"

}

service<http:Service> redirect2 bind {port:9093} { @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods:["GET"],

        path:"/"

    }

    redirect2 (endpoint client, http:Request req) {

        http:Response res = new;

        res. setPayload("Hello World!");

        _ = client -> respond( res) but { error e => log:printError("Error in

        responding", err = e) };

    }

}

## http server base path && params

参考代码

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;

import ballerina/mime;

@http:ServiceConfig { basePath: "/foo" }

service<http:Service> echo bind { port: 9090 } {

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["POST"],

        path: "/bar"

    }

    echo(endpoint caller, http:Request req) {

        var result = req.getJsonPayload();

        http:Response res = new;

        match result {

            error err => {

                res.statusCode = 500;

                res.setPayload(err.message);

            }

            json value => {

                res.setJsonPayload(value);

            }

        }

        caller->respond(res) but {

            error e => log:printError("Error in responding", err = e)

        };

    }

}

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;@http:ServiceConfig

service<http:Service> sample bind { port: 9090 } { @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["GET"],

        path: "/path/{foo}"

    }

    params(endpoint caller, http:Request req, string foo) {

        var params = req.getQueryParams();

        var bar = <string>params.bar;

        map pathMParams = req.getMatrixParams("/sample/path");

        var a = <string>pathMParams.a;

        var b = <string>pathMParams.b;

        string pathMatrixStr = string `a={{a}}, b={{b}}`;

        map fooMParams = req.getMatrixParams("/sample/path/" + foo);

        var x = <string>fooMParams.x;

        var y = <string>fooMParams.y;

        string fooMatrixStr = string `x={{x}}, y={{y}}`;

        json matrixJson = { "path": pathMatrixStr, "foo": fooMatrixStr };

        json responseJson = { "pathParam": foo, "queryParam": bar, "matrix": matrixJson };

        http:Response res = new;

        res.setJsonPayload(responseJson);

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError("Error when responding", err = e) };

    }

}

https server

参考代码

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;

endpoint http:Listener helloWorldEP {

    port: 9095,

    secureSocket: {

        keyStore: {

            path: "${ballerina.home}/bre/security/ballerinaKeystore.p12",

            password: "ballerina"

        }

    }

};

@http:ServiceConfig {

    basePath: "/hello"

}

service helloWorld bind helloWorldEP {

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["GET"],

        path: "/"

    }

 sayHello(endpoint caller, http:Request req) {

        http:Response res = new;

        res.setPayload("Hello World!");

        caller->respond(res) but {

                    error e => log:printError("Error in responding ", err = e) };

    }

}

cors

一般进行跨域处理

参考代码

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/log;

@http:ServiceConfig {

    cors: {

        allowOrigins: ["http://www.m3.com", "http://www.hello.com"],

        allowCredentials: false,

        allowHeaders: ["CORELATION_ID"],

        exposeHeaders: ["X-CUSTOM-HEADER"],

        maxAge: 84900

    }

}

service<http:Service> crossOriginService bind { port: 9092 } { string respErr = "Failed to respond to the caller";

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["GET"],

        path: "/company",

        cors: {

            allowOrigins: ["http://www.bbc.com"],

            allowCredentials: true,

            allowHeaders: ["X-Content-Type-Options", "X-PINGOTHER"]

        }

    }

    companyInfo(endpoint caller, http:Request req) {

        http:Response res = new;

        json responseJson = { "type": "middleware" };

        res.setJsonPayload(responseJson);

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError(respErr, err = e) };

    }

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["POST"],

        path: "/lang"

    }

    langInfo(endpoint caller, http:Request req) {

        http:Response res = new;

        json responseJson = { "lang": "Ballerina" };

        res.setJsonPayload(responseJson);

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError(respErr, err = e) };

    }

}

数据绑定

http body 序列化

参考代码

import ballerina/http;

import ballerina/io;

import ballerina/log;type Student {

    string Name;

    int Grade;

    map Marks;

};

@http:ServiceConfig

service<http:Service> hello bind { port: 9090 } { string respErr = "Failed to respond to the caller";

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["POST"],

        body: "orderDetails"

    }

    bindJson(endpoint caller, http:Request req, json orderDetails) {

        json details = orderDetails.Details; http:Response res = new;

        res.setPayload(details);

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError(respErr, err = e) };

    }

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["POST"],

        body: "store",

        consumes: ["application/xml"]

    }

    bindXML(endpoint caller, http:Request req, xml store) {

        xml city = store.selectDescendants("{http://www.test.com}city"); http:Response res = new;

        res.setPayload(city);

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError(respErr, err = e) };

    }

    @http:ResourceConfig {

        methods: ["POST"],

        body: "student",

        consumes: ["application/json"]

    }

    bindStruct(endpoint caller, http:Request req, Student student) {

        string name = student.Name; int grade = student.Grade; http:Response res = new;

        res.setPayload({ Name: name, Grade: grade });

        caller->respond(res) but { error e => log:printError(respErr, err = e) };

    }

}

参考资料

https://ballerina.io/learn/by-example/http-client-endpoint.html
https://ballerina.io/learn/by-example/https-listener.html
https://ballerina.io/learn/by-example/http-cors.html
https://ballerina.io/learn/by-example/http-data-binding.html

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ballerina 学习二十 http/https

client endpoint

http client redirect

https server

cors

数据绑定

参考资料

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