C语言库函数大全及应用实例十一

原文:C语言库函数大全及应用实例十一

                                        [编程资料]C语言库函数大全及应用实例十一

---

函数名: setbkcolor
功 能: 用调色板设置当前背景颜色
用 法: void far setbkcolor(int color);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
/* select a driver and mode that supports */
/* multiple background colors. */
int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode;
int bkcol, maxcolor, x, y;
char msg[80];

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

/* maximum color index supported */
maxcolor = getmaxcolor();

/* for centering text messages */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;

/* loop through the available colors */
for (bkcol=0; bkcol<=maxcolor; bkcol++)
{
/* clear the screen */
cleardevice();

/* select a new background color */
setbkcolor(bkcol);

/* output a messsage */
if (bkcol == WHITE)
setcolor(EGA_BLUE);
sprintf(msg, "Background color: %d", bkcol);
outtextxy(x, y, msg);
getch();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setblock
功 能: 修改先前已分配的DOS存储段大小
用 法: int setblock(int seg, int newsize);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
unsigned int size, segp;
int stat;

size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */
stat = allocmem(size, &segp);
if (stat == -1)
printf("Allocated memory at segment: %X\n", segp);
else
{
printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %d\n",
stat);
exit(1);
}

stat = setblock(segp, size * 2);
if (stat == -1)
printf("Expanded memory block at segment: %X\n", segp);
else
printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %d\n",
stat);

freemem(segp);

return 0;
}

函数名: setbuf
功 能: 把缓冲区与流相联
用 法: void setbuf(FILE *steam, char *buf);
程序例:

＃i nclude

/* BUFSIZ is defined in stdio.h */
char outbuf[BUFSIZ];

int main(void)
{
/* attach a buffer to the standard output stream */
setbuf(stdout, outbuf);

/* put some characters into the buffer */
puts("This is a test of buffered output.\n\n");
puts("This output will go into outbuf\n");
puts("and won't appear until the buffer\n");
puts("fills up or we flush the stream.\n");

/* flush the output buffer */
fflush(stdout);

return 0;
}

函数名: setcbrk
功 能: 设置Control-break
用 法: int setcbrk(int value);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
int break_flag;

printf("Enter 0 to turn control break off\n");
printf("Enter 1 to turn control break on\n");

break_flag = getch() - 0;

setcbrk(break_flag);

if (getcbrk())
printf("Cntrl-brk flag is on\n");
else
printf("Cntrl-brk flag is off\n");
return 0;
}

函数名: setcolor
功 能: 设置当前画线颜色
用 法: void far setcolor(int color);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
/* select a driver and mode that supports */
/* multiple drawing colors. */
int gdriver = EGA, gmode = EGAHI, errorcode;
int color, maxcolor, x, y;
char msg[80];

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

/* maximum color index supported */
maxcolor = getmaxcolor();

/* for centering text messages */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;

/* loop through the available colors */
for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++)
{
/* clear the screen */
cleardevice();

/* select a new background color */
setcolor(color);

/* output a messsage */
sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color);
outtextxy(x, y, msg);
getch();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setdate
功 能: 设置DOS日期
用 法: void setdate(struct date *dateblk);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
struct date reset;
struct date save_date;

getdate(&save_date);
printf("Original date:\n");
system("date");

reset.da_year = 2001;
reset.da_day = 1;
reset.da_mon = 1;
setdate(&reset);

printf("Date after setting:\n");
system("date");

setdate(&save_date);
printf("Back to original date:\n");
system("date");

return 0;
}

函数名: setdisk
功 能: 设置当前磁盘驱动器
用 法: int setdisk(int drive);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
int save, disk, disks;

/* save original drive */
save = getdisk();

/* print number of logic drives */
disks = setdisk(save);
printf("%d logical drives on the system\n\n", disks);

/* print the drive letters available */
printf("Available drives:\n");
for (disk = 0;disk < 26;++disk)
{
setdisk(disk);
if (disk == getdisk())
printf("%c: drive is available\n", disk + 'a');
}
setdisk(save);

return 0;
}

函数名: setdta
功 能: 设置磁盘传输区地址
用 法: void setdta(char far *dta);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
char line[80], far *save_dta;
char buffer[256] = "SETDTA test!";
struct fcb blk;
int result;

/* get new file name from user */
printf("Enter a file name to create:");
gets(line);

/* parse the new file name to the dta */
parsfnm(line, &blk, 1);
printf("%d %s\n", blk.fcb_drive, blk.fcb_name);

/* request DOS services to create file */
if (bdosptr(0x16, &blk, 0) == -1)
{
perror("Error creating file");
exit(1);
}

/* save old dta and set new dta */
save_dta = getdta();
setdta(buffer);

/* write new records */
blk.fcb_recsize = 256;
blk.fcb_random = 0L;
result = randbwr(&blk, 1);
printf("result = %d\n", result);

if (!result)
printf("Write OK\n");
else
{
perror("Disk error");
exit(1);
}

/* request DOS services to close the file */
if (bdosptr(0x10, &blk, 0) == -1)
{
perror("Error closing file");
exit(1);
}

/* reset the old dta */
setdta(save_dta);
return 0;
}

函数名: setfillpattern
功 能: 选择用户定义的填充模式
用 法: void far setfillpattern(char far *upattern, int color);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int maxx, maxy;

/* a user defined fill pattern */
char pattern[8] = {0x00, 0x70, 0x20, 0x27, 0x24, 0x24, 0x07, 0x00};

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

maxx = getmaxx();
maxy = getmaxy();
setcolor(getmaxcolor());

/* select a user defined fill pattern */
setfillpattern(pattern, getmaxcolor());

/* fill the screen with the pattern */
bar(0, 0, maxx, maxy);

/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setfillstyle
功 能: 设置填充模式和颜色
用 法: void far setfillstyle(int pattern, int color);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

/* the names of the fill styles supported */
char *fname[] = { "EMPTY_FILL",
"SOLID_FILL",
"LINE_FILL",
"LTSLASH_FILL",
"SLASH_FILL",
"BKSLASH_FILL",
"LTBKSLASH_FILL",
"HATCH_FILL",
"XHATCH_FILL",
"INTERLEAVE_FILL",
"WIDE_DOT_FILL",
"CLOSE_DOT_FILL",
"USER_FILL"
};

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int style, midx, midy;
char stylestr[40];

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;

for (style = EMPTY_FILL; style < USER_FILL; style++)
{
/* select the fill style */
setfillstyle(style, getmaxcolor());

/* convert style into a string */
strcpy(stylestr, fname[style]);

/* fill a bar */
bar3d(0, 0, midx-10, midy, 0, 0);

/* output a message */
outtextxy(midx, midy, stylestr);

/* wait for a key */
getch();
cleardevice();
}

/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setftime
功 能: 设置文件日期和时间
用 法: int setftime(int handle, struct ftime *ftimep);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
struct ftime filet;
FILE *fp;

if ((fp = fopen("TEST.$$$", "w")) == NULL)
{
perror("Error:");
exit(1);
}

fprintf(fp, "testing...\n");

/* load ftime structure with new time and date */
filet.ft_tsec = 1;
filet.ft_min = 1;
filet.ft_hour = 1;
filet.ft_day = 1;
filet.ft_month = 1;
filet.ft_year = 21;

/* show current directory for time and date */
system("dir TEST.$$$");

/* change the time and date stamp*/
setftime(fileno(fp), &filet);

/* close and remove the temporary file */
fclose(fp);

system("dir TEST.$$$");

unlink("TEST.$$$");
return 0;
}

函数名: setgraphbufsize
功 能: 改变内部图形缓冲区的大小
用 法: unsigned far setgraphbufsize(unsigned bufsize);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

#define BUFSIZE 1000 /* internal graphics buffer size */

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int x, y, oldsize;
char msg[80];

/* set the size of the internal graphics buffer */
/* before making a call to initgraph. */
oldsize = setgraphbufsize(BUFSIZE);

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;

/* output some messages */
sprintf(msg, "Graphics buffer size: %d", BUFSIZE);
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, msg);
sprintf(msg, "Old graphics buffer size: %d", oldsize);
outtextxy(x, y+textheight("W"), msg);

/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setgraphmode
功 能: 将系统设置成图形模式且清屏
用 法: void far setgraphmode(int mode);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude ＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int x, y;

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

x = getmaxx() / 2;
y = getmaxy() / 2;

/* output a message */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "Press any key to exit graphics:");
getch();

/* restore system to text mode */
restorecrtmode();
printf("We're now in text mode.\n");
printf("Press any key to return to graphics mode:");
getch();

/* return to graphics mode */
setgraphmode(getgraphmode());

/* output a message */
settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
outtextxy(x, y, "We're back in graphics mode.");
outtextxy(x, y+textheight("W"), "Press any key to halt:");

/* clean up */
getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setjmp
功 能: 非局部转移
用 法: int setjmp(jmp_buf env);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

void subroutine(void);

jmp_buf jumper;

int main(void)
{
int value;

value = setjmp(jumper);
if (value != 0)
{
printf("Longjmp with value %d\n", value);
exit(value);
}
printf("About to call subroutine ... \n");
subroutine();
return 0;
}

void subroutine(void)
{
longjmp(jumper,1);
}

函数名: setlinestyle
功 能: 设置当前画线宽度和类型
用 法: void far setlinestyle(int linestype, unsigned upattern);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

/* the names of the line styles supported */
char *lname[] = {
"SOLID_LINE",
"DOTTED_LINE",
"CENTER_LINE",
"DASHED_LINE",
"USERBIT_LINE"
};

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;

int style, midx, midy, userpat;
char stylestr[40];

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

midx = getmaxx() / 2;
midy = getmaxy() / 2;

/* a user defined line pattern */
/* binary: "0000000000000001" */
userpat = 1;

for (style=SOLID_LINE; style<=USERBIT_LINE; style++)
{
/* select the line style */
setlinestyle(style, userpat, 1);

/* convert style into a string */
strcpy(stylestr, lname[style]);

/* draw a line */
line(0, 0, midx-10, midy);

/* draw a rectangle */
rectangle(0, 0, getmaxx(), getmaxy());

/* output a message */
outtextxy(midx, midy, stylestr);

/* wait for a key */
getch();
cleardevice();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}

函数名: setmem
功 能: 存值到存储区
用 法: void setmem(void *addr, int len, char value);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
char *dest;

dest = calloc(21, sizeof(char));
setmem(dest, 20, 'c');
printf("%s\n", dest);

return 0;
}

函数名: setmode
功 能: 设置打开文件方式
用 法: int setmode(int handle, unsigned mode);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
int result;

result = setmode(fileno(stdprn), O_TEXT);
if (result == -1)
perror("Mode not available\n");
else
printf("Mode successfully switched\n");
return 0;
}

函数名: setpalette
功 能: 改变调色板的颜色
用 法: void far setpalette(int index, int actural_color);
程序例:

＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude
＃i nclude

int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
int color, maxcolor, ht;
int y = 10;
char msg[80];

/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
{
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
printf("Press any key to halt:");
getch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
}

maxcolor = getmaxcolor();
ht = 2 * textheight("W");

/* display the default colors */
for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++)
{
setcolor(color);
sprintf(msg, "Color: %d", color);
outtextxy(1, y, msg);
y += ht;
}

/* wait for a key */
getch();

/* black out the colors one by one */
for (color=1; color<=maxcolor; color++)
{
setpalette(color, BLACK);
getch();
}

/* clean up */
closegraph();
return 0;
}