ubuntu上安装vsftp-使用java进行匿名链接

检查环境：

1. 检查是否装过了ftp服务器

如果没有提示内容折，本机没有安装。

root@hadoops:~# rpm -qa|grep vsftpd
root@hadoops:~# rpm -qa|grep anonftp

2.全新安装：apt-get install vsftpd

重新安装:apt-get --reinstall install vsftpd

卸载并清除配置文件：apt-get -purge remove vsftpd

3. 我们可以通过pgrep vsftpd 来查看vsftpd服务器是否运行起来；

  root@hadoops:~# pgrep vsftpd

     4248

4. 编辑配置文件/etc/vsftpd.conf. 打开配置文件后可以看到许多以“#”开始的行，这些行都是注释行，大多是帮助信息，可以仔细阅读。

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone?  vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=YES
#
# Run standalone with IPv6?
# Like the listen parameter, except vsftpd will listen on an IPv6 socket
# instead of an IPv4 one. This parameter and the listen parameter are mutually
# exclusive.
#listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default)
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=000
anon_umask=000
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=YES
file_open_mode=0755
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in  your  local  time  zone.  The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories.  See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty.  Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
# This option specifies the location of the RSA key to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
local_root=/home/ftp
anon_root=/home/ftp

说明上传文件的权限问题，其中添加

local_umask=000
anon_umask=000

这里有个权限的计算方法，目录的初始权限是 777 ，文件的初始权限是 666

计算方法为：用初始的权限 - 权限umask的权限 = 新建目录或文件的权限

新建目录的权限就是777-022=755

新建文件的权根就是666-022=644

下面就是我上传文件的权限为755

 

5.这里添加local_root=/home/ftp 指定ftp登录的根目录

使用如下命令关闭ftp服务：
    root@hadoops:~# killall vsftpd    //或是 pkill vsftpd

root@hadoops:~# pgrep vsftpd   //查看vsftpd服务器是否已经关闭

重新启动ftp服务

root@hadoops:~$ sudo service vsftpd restart

查看ftp服务是否启动

root@hadoops:~# ps -e | grep ftp

6.更改/home/ftp的权限

更改/home/ftp/upload的权限

7.java编程连接ftp服务器

package com.csr.linux.util;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import com.csr.configSite.ConfigAll;

import sun.net.TelnetInputStream;
import sun.net.TelnetOutputStream;
import sun.net.ftp.FtpClient;

/**
 * ftp上传，下载
 * @author why 2009-07-30
 *
 */
public class FtpUtil {

	private String ip = ConfigAll.ftpIp;

	private String username = ConfigAll.ftpUsername;

	private String password = ConfigAll.ftpPassword;

	private int port = -1;

	private String path = "";

	FtpClient ftpClient = null;

	OutputStream os = null;

	FileInputStream is = null;

	public FtpUtil(){
		ftpClient = new FtpClient();
		try {
			if(this.port != -1){
					ftpClient.openServer(this.ip,this.port);
			}else{
				ftpClient.openServer(this.ip);
			}
			ftpClient.login(this.username, this.password);
			if (this.path.length() != 0){
				ftpClient.cd(this.path);// path是ftp服务下主目录的子目录			
			}

			ftpClient.binary();// 用2进制上传、下载
			System.out.println("已登录到\"" + ftpClient.pwd() + "\"目录");
			ftpClient.sendServer("quote PASV");
//			return true;
		}catch (IOException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
//			return false;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 连接ftp服务器
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
//	public boolean connectServer(){
//		ftpClient = new FtpClient();
//		try {
//			if(this.port != -1){
//					ftpClient.openServer(this.ip,this.port);
//			}else{
//				ftpClient.openServer(this.ip);
//			}
//			ftpClient.login(this.username, this.password);
//			if (this.path.length() != 0){
//				ftpClient.cd(this.path);// path是ftp服务下主目录的子目录			
//			}
//
//			ftpClient.binary();// 用2进制上传、下载
//			System.out.println("已登录到\"" + ftpClient.pwd() + "\"目录");
//			ftpClient.sendServer("quote PASV");
//			return true;
//		}catch (IOException e){
//			e.printStackTrace();
//			return false;
//		}
//	}
	
	/**
	 * 断开与ftp服务器连接
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public boolean closeServer(){
		try{
			if (is != null) {
				is.close();
			}
			if (os != null) {
				os.close();
			}
			if (ftpClient != null) {
				ftpClient.closeServer();
			}
			System.out.println("已从服务器断开");
			return true;
		}catch(IOException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 检查文件夹在当前目录下是否存在
	 * @param dir
	 * @return
	 */
	 private boolean isDirExist(String dir){
		 String pwd = "";
		 try {
			 pwd = ftpClient.pwd();
			 ftpClient.cd(dir);
			 ftpClient.cd(pwd);
		 }catch(Exception e){
			 return false;
		 }
		 return true; 
	 }
	
	/**
	 * 在当前目录下创建文件夹
	 * @param dir
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	 private boolean createDir(String dir){
		 try{
			ftpClient.ascii();
			StringTokenizer s = new StringTokenizer(dir, "/"); //sign
			s.countTokens();
			String pathName = ftpClient.pwd();
			while(s.hasMoreElements()){
				pathName = pathName + "/" + (String) s.nextElement();
				try {
					ftpClient.sendServer("MKD " + pathName + "\r\n");
				} catch (Exception e) {
					e = null;
					return false;
				}
				ftpClient.readServerResponse();
			}
			ftpClient.binary();
			return true;
		}catch (IOException e1){
			e1.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	 }
	 
	 /**
	  * ftp上传
	  * 如果服务器段已存在名为filename的文件夹，该文件夹中与要上传的文件夹中同名的文件将被替换
	  * 
	  * @param filename 要上传的文件（或文件夹）名
	  * @return
	  * @throws Exception
	  */
	public boolean upload(String filename){
		String newname = "";
		if(filename.indexOf("/") > -1){
			newname = filename.substring(filename.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
		}else{
			newname = filename;
		}
		return upload(filename, newname);
	}
	 
	 /**
	  * ftp上传
	  * 如果服务器段已存在名为newName的文件夹，该文件夹中与要上传的文件夹中同名的文件将被替换
	  * 
	  * @param fileName 要上传的文件（或文件夹）名
	  * @param newName 服务器段要生成的文件（或文件夹）名
	  * @return
	  */
	 public boolean upload(String fileName, String newName){
		 try{
			 String savefilename = new String(fileName.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "GBK"); 
			 File file_in = new File(savefilename);//打开本地待长传的文件
			 if(!file_in.exists()){
				 throw new Exception("此文件或文件夹[" + file_in.getName() + "]有误或不存在!");
			 }
			 if(file_in.isDirectory()){
				 upload(file_in.getPath(),newName,ftpClient.pwd());
			 }else{
				 uploadFile(file_in.getPath(),newName);
			 }
			 
			 if(is != null){
				 is.close();
			 }
			 if(os != null){
				 os.close();
			 }
			 return true;
		 }catch(Exception e){ 
		  		e.printStackTrace(); 
		  		System.err.println("Exception e in Ftp upload(): " + e.toString()); 
		  		return false;
		 }finally{
			 try{
				 if(is != null){
					 is.close();
				 }
				 if(os != null){ 
					 os.close(); 
				 }
			 }catch(IOException e){
				 e.printStackTrace();
		  	} 
		 }
	 }
	 
	 /**
	  * 真正用于上传的方法
	  * @param fileName
	  * @param newName
	  * @param path
	  * @throws Exception
	  */
	 private void upload(String fileName, String newName,String path) throws Exception{
			 String savefilename = new String(fileName.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "GBK"); 
			 File file_in = new File(savefilename);//打开本地待长传的文件
			 if(!file_in.exists()){
				 throw new Exception("此文件或文件夹[" + file_in.getName() + "]有误或不存在!");
			 }
			 if(file_in.isDirectory()){
				 if(!isDirExist(newName)){
					 createDir(newName);
				 }
				 ftpClient.cd(newName);
				 File sourceFile[] = file_in.listFiles();
				 for(int i = 0; i < sourceFile.length; i++){
				     if(!sourceFile[i].exists()){
				    	 continue;
				     }
				     if(sourceFile[i].isDirectory()){
				    	 this.upload(sourceFile[i].getPath(),sourceFile[i].getName(),path+"/"+newName);
				     }else{
				    	 this.uploadFile(sourceFile[i].getPath(),sourceFile[i].getName());
				      }
				    }
			 }else{
				 uploadFile(file_in.getPath(),newName);
			 }
			 ftpClient.cd(path);
	 }

	/**
	 *  upload 上传文件
	 * 
	 * @param filename 要上传的文件名
	 * @param newname 上传后的新文件名
	 * @return -1 文件不存在 >=0 成功上传，返回文件的大小
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public long uploadFile(String filename, String newname) throws Exception{
		long result = 0;
		TelnetOutputStream os = null;
		FileInputStream is = null;
		try {
			java.io.File file_in = new java.io.File(filename);
			if(!file_in.exists())
				return -1;
			os = ftpClient.put(newname);
			result = file_in.length();
			is = new FileInputStream(file_in);
			byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
			int c;
			while((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1){
				os.write(bytes, 0, c);
			}
		}finally{
			if(is != null){
				is.close();
			}
			if(os != null){
				os.close();
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 从ftp下载文件到本地
	 * 
	 * @param filename 服务器上的文件名
	 * @param newfilename 本地生成的文件名
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public long downloadFile(String filename, String newfilename){
		long result = 0;
		TelnetInputStream is = null;
		FileOutputStream os = null;
		try{
			is = ftpClient.get(filename);
			java.io.File outfile = new java.io.File(newfilename);
			os = new FileOutputStream(outfile);
			byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
			int c;
			while ((c = is.read(bytes)) != -1) {
				os.write(bytes, 0, c);
				result = result + c;
			}
		}catch (IOException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				if(is != null){
						is.close();
				}
				if(os != null){
					os.close();
				}
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	/**
	 * 取得相对于当前连接目录的某个目录下所有文件列表
	 * 
	 * @param path
	 * @return
	 */
	public List getFileList(String path){
		List list = new ArrayList();
		DataInputStream dis;
		try {
			dis = new DataInputStream(ftpClient.nameList(this.path + path));
			String filename = "";
			while((filename = dis.readLine()) != null){
				list.add(filename);
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return list;
	}

	

	public static void main(String[] args){
		FtpUtil ftp = new FtpUtil();
//		ftp.connectServer();
		boolean result = ftp.upload("D:/2.xml", "/upload/2.xml");
		System.out.println(result?"上传成功！":"上传失败！");
		List list = ftp.getFileList("/upload");
		for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
			String name = list.get(i).toString();
			System.out.println(name);
		}
		ftp.closeServer();
		/**
	    FTP远程命令列表
		USER    PORT    RETR    ALLO    DELE    SITE    XMKD    CDUP    FEAT
		PASS    PASV    STOR    REST    CWD     STAT    RMD     XCUP    OPTS
		ACCT    TYPE    APPE    RNFR    XCWD    HELP    XRMD    STOU    AUTH
		REIN    STRU    SMNT    RNTO    LIST    NOOP    PWD     SIZE    PBSZ
		QUIT    MODE    SYST    ABOR    NLST    MKD     XPWD    MDTM    PROT
	    在服务器上执行命令,如果用sendServer来执行远程命令(不能执行本地FTP命令)的话，所有FTP命令都要加上\r\n
	    ftpclient.sendServer("XMKD /test/bb\r\n"); //执行服务器上的FTP命令
	    ftpclient.readServerResponse一定要在sendServer后调用
	    nameList("/test")获取指目录下的文件列表
	    XMKD建立目录，当目录存在的情况下再次创建目录时报错
	    XRMD删除目录
	    DELE删除文件
		 */
	}

}

运行结果如下：

来自为知笔记(Wiz)