Self-Host Web API 学习笔记

ASP.NET Web API 不需要 IIS，直接使用控制台程序可以实现。

一、创建一个新的控制台程序，项目名为 HostApi

二、设置目标框架为.NET Framework 4

三、NuGet添加引用  Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.SelfHost

四、添加一个 Product Model类

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace HostApi
{
    public class Product
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Category { get; set; }
        public decimal Price { get; set; }
    }
}

五、添加一个名为ProductsController的公共类。从System.Web.Http.ApiController派生此类.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace HostApi
{
    public class ProductsController : ApiController
    {
        Product[] products = new Product[]
        {
            new Product { Id = , Name = "Tomato Soup", Category = "Groceries", Price =  },
            new Product { Id = , Name = "Yo-yo", Category = "Toys", Price = 3.75M },
            new Product { Id = , Name = "Hammer", Category = "Hardware", Price = 16.99M }
        };

        public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
        {
            return products;
        }

        public Product GetProductById(int id)
        {
            var product = products.FirstOrDefault((p) => p.Id == id);
            if (product == null)
            {
                throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.NotFound);
            }
            return product;
        }

        public IEnumerable<Product> GetProductsByCategory(string category)
        {
            return products.Where(p => string.Equals(p.Category, category,
                    StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
        }
    }
}

六、 托管 Web API

打开 Program.cs 文件，并添加以下使用语句:

using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Http.SelfHost;    

七、修改Main方法

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Http.SelfHost;    

namespace HostApi
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var config = new HttpSelfHostConfiguration("http://localhost:1234");

            config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
                "API Default", "api/{controller}/{id}",
                new { id = RouteParameter.Optional });

            using (HttpSelfHostServer server = new HttpSelfHostServer(config))
            {
                server.OpenAsync().Wait();
                Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to quit.");
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }
}

直接F5运行，然后打开浏览器访问：

获取所有数据  http://localhost:1234/api/products

获取内码为1的数据  http://localhost:1234/api/products/1

查询category=的数据  http://localhost:1234/api/products?category=Groceries

返回：

参考 http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/older-versions/self-host-a-web-api