mysql-The-server-quit-without-updating-PID-file

mysql 编译后执行 /etc/init.d/mysqld start 启动失败 提示："The server quit without updating PID file"

排查思路： 寻找配置文件 --》寻找错误日志 --》 根据日志排查错误

 grep -i log /etc/my.cnf
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

找到日志目录：/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

  [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
--31T01::.095643Z  [Note] --secure-file-priv is set to NULL. Operations related to importing and exporting data are disabled
--31T01::.095673Z  [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.) starting as process  ...
--31T01::.101854Z  [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
--31T01::.101889Z  [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
--31T01::.101894Z  [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
--31T01::.101898Z  [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __sync_synchronize() is used for memory barrier
--31T01::.101901Z  [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.
--31T01::.101905Z  [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
--31T01::.102226Z  [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools:
--31T01::.102358Z  [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
--31T01::.114227Z  [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = , chunk size = 128M
--31T01::.125607Z  [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
--31T01::.130780Z  [Note] InnoDB: If the mysqld execution user is authorized, page cleaner thread priority can be changed. See the man page of setpriority().
--31T01::.143294Z  [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
--31T01::.157636Z  [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
--31T01::.157698Z  [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to  MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
--31T01::.373856Z  [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now  MB.
--31T01::.375220Z  [Note] InnoDB:  redo rollback segment(s) found.  redo rollback segment(s) are active.
--31T01::.375236Z  [Note] InnoDB:  non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
--31T01::.377128Z  [Note] InnoDB: 5.7. started; log sequence number
--31T01::.377614Z  [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_buffer_pool
--31T01::.377957Z  [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist
--31T01::.378127Z  [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.
--31T01::.378944Z  [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
--31T01::.379048Z  [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the following SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and private key
--31T01::.379266Z  [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at   ::
--31T01::.379458Z  [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port:
--31T01::.379507Z  [Note] IPv6 is available.
--31T01::.379518Z  [Note]   - '::' resolves to '::';
--31T01::.379544Z  [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
--31T01::.387876Z  [Warning] Failed to open optimizer cost constant tables

--31T01::.388087Z  [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table 'mysql.user' doesn't exist
--31T01::.388146Z  [ERROR] Aborting

--31T01::.388181Z  [Note] Binlog end
--31T01::.388229Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ngram'
--31T01::.388237Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'
--31T01::.388241Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'
--31T01::.388243Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'
--31T01::.388246Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
--31T01::.388257Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
--31T01::.388261Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL'
--31T01::.388264Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'
--31T01::.388267Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'
--31T01::.388269Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'
--31T01::.388282Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'
--31T01::.388284Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'
--31T01::.388286Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'
--31T01::.388289Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'
--31T01::.388291Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'
--31T01::.388293Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'
--31T01::.388295Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'
--31T01::.388298Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'
--31T01::.388300Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'
--31T01::.388302Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'
--31T01::.388304Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'
--31T01::.388307Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'
--31T01::.388309Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'
--31T01::.388311Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO'
--31T01::.388313Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'
--31T01::.388316Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'
--31T01::.388318Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'
--31T01::.388320Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'
--31T01::.388322Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'
--31T01::.388325Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'
--31T01::.388327Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'
--31T01::.388329Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'
--31T01::.388332Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'
--31T01::.388334Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'
--31T01::.388336Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'
--31T01::.388338Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'
--31T01::.388341Z  [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB'
--31T01::.388441Z  [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
--31T01::.388685Z  [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
--31T01::.489041Z  [Note] InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to /usr/local/mysql/data/ib_buffer_pool

根据日志提示判断问题所在：

重新初始化db：进入安装目录  /usr/local/mysql/

./bin/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql   --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data   

提示找不到mysql 命令可先链接

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  /usr/bin/

 /usr/local/mysql/