背水一战 Windows 10 (88) - 文件系统: 操作文件夹和文件

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背水一战 Windows 10 (88) - 文件系统: 操作文件夹和文件

作者：webabcd

介绍
背水一战 Windows 10 之 文件系统

• 创建文件夹，重命名文件夹，删除文件夹，在指定的文件夹中创建文件
• 创建文件，复制文件，移动文件，重命名文件，删除文件
• 打开文件，获取指定的本地 uri 的文件，通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 或远程 uri 创建文件或替换文件

示例
1、演示如何创建文件夹，重命名文件夹，删除文件夹，在指定的文件夹中创建文件
FileSystem/FolderOperation.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="Windows10.FileSystem.FolderOperation"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:Windows10.FileSystem"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateFolder" Content="创建文件夹" Click="btnCreateFolder_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnRenameFolder" Content="重命名文件夹" Click="btnRenameFolder_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnDeleteFolder" Content="删除文件夹" Click="btnDeleteFolder_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateFile" Content="在指定的文件夹中创建文件" Click="btnCreateFile_Click" Margin="5" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

FileSystem/FolderOperation.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何创建文件夹，重命名文件夹，删除文件夹，在指定的文件夹中创建文件
 *
 * StorageFolder - 文件夹操作类
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CreateFileAsync(string desiredName);
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CreateFileAsync(string desiredName, CreationCollisionOption options);
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFolder> CreateFolderAsync(string desiredName);
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFolder> CreateFolderAsync(string desiredName, CreationCollisionOption options);
 *     public IAsyncAction RenameAsync(string desiredName);
 *     public IAsyncAction RenameAsync(string desiredName, NameCollisionOption option);
 *     public IAsyncAction DeleteAsync();
 *     public IAsyncAction DeleteAsync(StorageDeleteOption option);
 *
 * CreationCollisionOption
 *     GenerateUniqueName - 存在则在名称后自动追加编号
 *     ReplaceExisting - 存在则替换
 *     FailIfExists - 存在则抛出异常
 *     OpenIfExists - 存在则返回现有项
 *
 * NameCollisionOption
 *     GenerateUniqueName - 存在则在名称后自动追加编号
 *     ReplaceExisting - 存在则替换
 *     FailIfExists - 存在则抛出异常
 *
 * StorageDeleteOption
 *     Default - 默认行为
 *     PermanentDelete - 永久删除（不会移至回收站）
 *
 *
 * 注：以上接口不再一一说明，看看下面的示例代码就基本都明白了
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace Windows10.FileSystem
{
    public sealed partial class FolderOperation : Page
    {
        private StorageFolder _myFolder = null;

        public FolderOperation()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 创建文件夹
        private async void btnCreateFolder_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StorageFolder picturesFolder = await KnownFolders.GetFolderForUserAsync(null, KnownFolderId.PicturesLibrary);
            _myFolder = await picturesFolder.CreateFolderAsync("MyFolder", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

            // 创建文件夹时也可以按照下面这种方式创建多级文件夹
            // _myFolder = await picturesFolder.CreateFolderAsync(@"MyFolder\sub\subsub", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

            lblMsg.Text = "创建了文件夹";
        }

        // 重命名文件夹
        private async void btnRenameFolder_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                await _myFolder.RenameAsync("MyFolder_Rename", NameCollisionOption.FailIfExists);
                lblMsg.Text = "重命名了文件夹";
            }
        }

        // 删除文件夹
        private async void btnDeleteFolder_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                await _myFolder.DeleteAsync(StorageDeleteOption.Default);
                lblMsg.Text = "删除了文件夹";

                _myFolder = null;
            }
        }

        // 在指定的文件夹中创建文件
        private async void btnCreateFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.CreateFileAsync("MyFile", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

                // 创建文件时也可以按照下面这种方式指定子目录（目录不存在的话会自动创建）
                // StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"folder1\folder2\MyFile", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

                lblMsg.Text = "在指定的文件夹中创建了文件";
            }
        }
    }
}

2、演示如何创建文件，复制文件，移动文件，重命名文件，删除文件
FileSystem/FileOperation.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="Windows10.FileSystem.FileOperation"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:Windows10.FileSystem"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">

            <TextBlock Name="lblMsg" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateFolder" Content="创建文件夹" Click="btnCreateFolder_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnCreateFile" Content="在指定的文件夹中创建文件" Click="btnCreateFile_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnCopyFile" Content="复制文件" Click="btnCopyFile_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnMoveFile" Content="移动文件" Click="btnMoveFile_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnRenameFile" Content="重命名文件" Click="btnRenameFile_Click" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnDeleteFile" Content="删除文件" Click="btnDeleteFile_Click" Margin="5" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

FileSystem/FileOperation.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何创建文件，复制文件，移动文件，重命名文件，删除文件
 *
 * StorageFile - 文件操作类
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CopyAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder);
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CopyAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder, string desiredNewName);
 *     public IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CopyAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder, string desiredNewName, NameCollisionOption option);
 *     public IAsyncAction CopyAndReplaceAsync(IStorageFile fileToReplace);
 *     public IAsyncAction MoveAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder);
 *     public IAsyncAction MoveAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder, string desiredNewName);
 *     public IAsyncAction MoveAsync(IStorageFolder destinationFolder, string desiredNewName, NameCollisionOption option);
 *     public IAsyncAction MoveAndReplaceAsync(IStorageFile fileToReplace);
 *     public IAsyncAction RenameAsync(string desiredName);
 *     public IAsyncAction RenameAsync(string desiredName, NameCollisionOption option);
 *     public IAsyncAction DeleteAsync();
 *     public IAsyncAction DeleteAsync(StorageDeleteOption option);
 *
 * CreationCollisionOption
 *     GenerateUniqueName - 存在则在名称后自动追加编号
 *     ReplaceExisting - 存在则替换
 *     FailIfExists - 存在则抛出异常
 *     OpenIfExists - 存在则返回现有项
 *
 * NameCollisionOption
 *     GenerateUniqueName - 存在则在名称后自动追加编号
 *     ReplaceExisting - 存在则替换
 *     FailIfExists - 存在则抛出异常
 *
 * StorageDeleteOption
 *     Default - 默认行为
 *     PermanentDelete - 永久删除（不会移至回收站）
 *
 *
 * 注：以上接口不再一一说明，看看下面的示例代码就基本都明白了
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;

namespace Windows10.FileSystem
{
    public sealed partial class FileOperation : Page
    {
        private StorageFolder _myFolder = null;

        public FileOperation()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        // 创建文件夹
        private async void btnCreateFolder_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StorageFolder picturesFolder = await KnownFolders.GetFolderForUserAsync(null, KnownFolderId.PicturesLibrary);
            _myFolder = await picturesFolder.CreateFolderAsync("MyFolder", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

            // 创建文件夹时也可以按照下面这种方式创建多级文件夹
            // _myFolder = await picturesFolder.CreateFolderAsync(@"MyFolder\sub\subsub", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

            lblMsg.Text = "创建了文件夹";
        }

        // 在指定的文件夹中创建文件
        private async void btnCreateFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.CreateFileAsync("MyFile", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

                // 创建文件时也可以按照下面这种方式指定子目录（目录不存在的话会自动创建）
                // StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"folder1\folder2\MyFile", CreationCollisionOption.OpenIfExists);

                lblMsg.Text = "在指定的文件夹中创建了文件";
            }
        }

        // 复制文件
        private async void btnCopyFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.GetFileAsync("MyFile");
                    StorageFile myFile_copy = await myFile.CopyAsync(_myFolder, "MyFile_Copy", NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
                    lblMsg.Text = "复制了文件";
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                }
            }
        }

        // 移动文件
        private async void btnMoveFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.GetFileAsync("MyFile");
                    await myFile.MoveAsync(_myFolder, "MyFile_Move", NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
                    lblMsg.Text = "移动了文件";
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                }
            }
        }

        // 重命名文件
        private async void btnRenameFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.GetFileAsync("MyFile_Move");
                    await myFile.RenameAsync("MyFile_Rename", NameCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);
                    lblMsg.Text = "重命名了文件";
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                }
            }
        }

        // 删除文件
        private async void btnDeleteFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_myFolder != null)
            {
                try
                {
                    StorageFile myFile = await _myFolder.GetFileAsync("MyFile_Rename");
                    await myFile.DeleteAsync(StorageDeleteOption.Default);
                    lblMsg.Text = "删除了文件";
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    lblMsg.Text = ex.ToString();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

3、演示如何打开文件，获取指定的本地 uri 的文件，通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 或远程 uri 创建文件或替换文件
FileSystem/FileOperation2.xaml

<Page
    x:Class="Windows10.FileSystem.FileOperation2"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:local="using:Windows10.FileSystem"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    mc:Ignorable="d">

    <Grid Background="Transparent">
        <StackPanel Margin="10 0 10 10">

            <Image Name="image1" Width="50" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
            <Image Name="image2" Width="50" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
            <Image Name="image3" Width="50" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
            <Image Name="image4" Width="50" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />
            <Image Name="image5" Width="50" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="5" />

            <Button Name="btnGetFile" Content="获取指定的本地 uri 的文件" Click="btnGetFile_Click" Margin="5" />
            <Button Name="btnCreateFile1" Content="通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 创建文件" Click="btnCreateFile1_Click" Margin="5" />
            <Button Name="btnCreateFile2" Content="通过远程 uri 创建文件" Click="btnCreateFile2_Click" Margin="5" />
            <Button Name="btnReplaceFile1" Content="通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 替换文件" Click="btnReplaceFile1_Click" Margin="5" />
            <Button Name="btnReplaceFile2" Content="通过远程 uri 替换文件" Click="btnReplaceFile2_Click" Margin="5" />

        </StackPanel>
    </Grid>
</Page>

FileSystem/FileOperation2.xaml.cs

/*
 * 演示如何打开文件，获取指定的本地 uri 的文件，通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 或远程 uri 创建文件或替换文件
 *
 * StorageFile - 文件操作类
 *     public IAsyncOperation<IRandomAccessStream> OpenAsync(FileAccessMode accessMode) - 打开文件，可以指定是只读方式还是读写方式，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
 *     public IAsyncOperation<IRandomAccessStreamWithContentType> OpenReadAsync() - 以只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStreamWithContentType 流
 *     public IAsyncOperation<IInputStream> OpenSequentialReadAsync() - 以只读方式打开文件，返回 IInputStream 流
 *
 *     public static IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(Uri uri);
 *     public static IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CreateStreamedFileAsync(string displayNameWithExtension, StreamedFileDataRequestedHandler dataRequested, IRandomAccessStreamReference thumbnail);
 *     public static IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> ReplaceWithStreamedFileAsync(IStorageFile fileToReplace, StreamedFileDataRequestedHandler dataRequested, IRandomAccessStreamReference thumbnail);
 *     public static IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> CreateStreamedFileFromUriAsync(string displayNameWithExtension, Uri uri, IRandomAccessStreamReference thumbnail);
 *     public static IAsyncOperation<StorageFile> ReplaceWithStreamedFileFromUriAsync(IStorageFile fileToReplace, Uri uri, IRandomAccessStreamReference thumbnail);
 *
 *
 * 注：以上接口不再一一说明，看看下面的示例代码就基本都明白了
 */

using System;
using Windows.Storage;
using Windows.Storage.Streams;
using Windows.UI.Xaml;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Controls;
using Windows.UI.Xaml.Media.Imaging;

namespace Windows10.FileSystem
{
    public sealed partial class FileOperation2 : Page
    {
        public FileOperation2()
        {
            this.InitializeComponent();
        }

        private async void btnGetFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 获取指定的本地 uri 的文件
            StorageFile storageFile = await StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///Assets/hololens.jpg"));
            // 只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
            IRandomAccessStream stream = await storageFile.OpenReadAsync();

            BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(stream);
            image1.Source = bitmapImage;
        }

        private async void btnCreateFile1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            // 通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 创建文件
            StorageFile storageFile = await StorageFile.CreateStreamedFileAsync("GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync.jpg", StreamHandler, null);
            // 只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
            IRandomAccessStream stream = await storageFile.OpenReadAsync();

            BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(stream);
            image2.Source = bitmapImage;
        }

        private async void btnCreateFile2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Uri uri = new Uri("http://images.cnblogs.com/mvpteam.gif", UriKind.Absolute);
            // 通过远程 uri 创建文件
            StorageFile storageFile = await StorageFile.CreateStreamedFileFromUriAsync("CreateStreamedFileFromUriAsync.gif", uri, null);
            // 只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
            IRandomAccessStream stream = await storageFile.OpenReadAsync();

            BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(stream);
            image3.Source = bitmapImage;
        }

        private async void btnReplaceFile1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StorageFolder picturesFolder = await KnownFolders.GetFolderForUserAsync(null, KnownFolderId.PicturesLibrary);
            // 需要被替换的文件
            StorageFile storageFile = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"webabcdTest\GetFolderForUserAsync.jpg", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);

            // 通过 StreamedFileDataRequest 替换指定的文件，然后通过返回的 newFile 对象操作替换后的文件
            StorageFile newFile = await StorageFile.ReplaceWithStreamedFileAsync(storageFile, StreamHandler, null);
            // 只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
            IRandomAccessStream stream = await newFile.OpenReadAsync();

            BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(stream);
            image4.Source = bitmapImage;
        }

        private async void btnReplaceFile2_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            StorageFolder picturesFolder = await KnownFolders.GetFolderForUserAsync(null, KnownFolderId.PicturesLibrary);
            // 需要被替换的文件
            StorageFile storageFile = await ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder.CreateFileAsync(@"webabcdTest\CreateStreamedFileFromUriAsync.jpg", CreationCollisionOption.ReplaceExisting);

            Uri uri = new Uri("http://images.cnblogs.com/mvpteam.gif", UriKind.Absolute);
            // 通过远程 uri 替换指定的文件，然后通过返回的 newFile 对象操作替换后的文件
            StorageFile newFile = await StorageFile.ReplaceWithStreamedFileFromUriAsync(storageFile, uri, null);
            // 只读方式打开文件，返回 IRandomAccessStream 流
            IRandomAccessStream stream = await newFile.OpenReadAsync();

            BitmapImage bitmapImage = new BitmapImage();
            bitmapImage.SetSource(stream);
            image5.Source = bitmapImage;
        }

        // 一个 StreamedFileDataRequestedHandler
        private async void StreamHandler(StreamedFileDataRequest stream)
        {
            StorageFile storageFile = await StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(new Uri("ms-appx:///assets/hololens.jpg"));
            IInputStream inputStream = await storageFile.OpenSequentialReadAsync();
            await RandomAccessStream.CopyAndCloseAsync(inputStream, stream);
        }
    }
}

OK
[源码下载]