Python -- Gui编程 -- Tkinter的使用 -- 菜单与画布

1.菜单

tkMenu.py

 import tkinter

 root = tkinter.Tk()

 menu = tkinter.Menu(root)
 submenu = tkinter.Menu(menu, tearoff=0)
 submenu.add_command(label='Open')
 submenu.add_command(label='Save')
 submenu.add_command(label='Close')
 menu.add_cascade(label='File', menu=submenu)

 submenu = tkinter.Menu(menu, tearoff=0)
 submenu.add_command(label='Copy')
 submenu.add_command(label='Paste')
 submenu.add_separator()
 submenu.add_command(label='Cut')
 menu.add_cascade(label='Edit', menu=submenu)

 submenu = tkinter.Menu(menu, tearoff=0)
 submenu.add_command(label='About')
 menu.add_cascade(label='Help', menu=submenu)

 root.config(menu=menu)
 root.mainloop()

2.画布

tkCanvas.py

 import tkinter

 root = tkinter.Tk()

 canvas = tkinter.Canvas(root, width=600, height=480, bg='white')
 img = tkinter.PhotoImage(file = 'smile.gif')
 canvas.create_image(300, 50, image=img)
 canvas.create_text(300, 75, text='Use Canvas', fill='blue')
 canvas.create_text(302, 77, text='Use Canvas', fill='gray')
 canvas.create_polygon(290, 114, 316, 114, 330, 130, 310, 146, 284, 146, 270, 130)
 canvas.create_oval(280, 120, 320, 140, fill='white')
 canvas.create_line(250, 130, 350, 130)
 canvas.create_line(300, 100, 300, 160)
 canvas.create_rectangle(90, 190, 510, 410, width=5)
 canvas.create_arc(100, 200, 500, 400, start=0, extent=240, fill='pink')
 canvas.create_arc(103, 203, 500, 400, start=241, extent=118, fill='red')
 canvas.pack()

 root.mainloop()

3.简单几何画板的实现

tkDraw.py

 import tkinter

 class MyButton:
     def __init__(self, root, canvas, label, type):
         self.root = root
         self.canvas = canvas
         self.label = label
         if type == 0:
             button = tkinter.Button(root, text='Draw Line', command=self.DrawLine)
         elif type == 1:
             button = tkinter.Button(root, text='Draw Arc', command=self.DrawArc)
         elif type == 2:
             button = tkinter.Button(root, text='Draw Rec', command=self.DrawRec)
         else:
             button = tkinter.Button(root, text='Draw Oval', command=self.DrawOval)
         button.pack(side = 'left')
     def DrawLine(self):
         self.label.text.set('Draw Line')
         self.canvas.SetStatus(0)
     def DrawArc(self):
         self.label.text.set('Draw Arc')
         self.canvas.SetStatus(1)
     def DrawRec(self):
         self.label.text.set('Draw Rectangle')
         self.canvas.SetStatus(2)
     def DrawOval(self):
         self.label.text.set('Draw Oval')
         self.canvas.SetStatus(3)

 class MyCanvas:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.status = 0
         self.draw = 0
         self.root = root
         self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(root, bg='white', width=600, height=480)
         self.canvas.pack()
         self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self.Draw)
         self.canvas.bind('<Button-2>', self.Exit)
         self.canvas.bind('<Button-3>', self.Del)
         self.canvas.bind_all('<Delete>', self.Del)
         self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-d>', self.Del)
         self.canvas.bind_all('<KeyPress-e>', self.Exit)
     def Draw(self, event):
         if self.draw == 0:
             self.x = event.x
             self.y = event.y
             self.draw = 1
         else:
             if self.status == 0:
                 self.canvas.create_line(self.x, self.y, event.x, event.y)
                 self.draw = 0
             elif self.status == 1:
                 self.canvas.create_arc(self.x, self.y, event.x, event.y)
                 self.draw = 0
             elif self.status == 2:
                 self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.x, self.y, event.x, event.y)
                 self.draw = 0
             else:
                 self.canvas.create_oval(self.x, self.y, event.x, event.y)
                 self.draw = 0
     def Del(self, event):
         items = self.canvas.find_all()
         for item in items:
             self.canvas.delete(item)
     def Exit(self, event):
         self.root.quit()
     def SetStatus(self, status):
         self.status = status

 class MyLabel:
     def __init__(self, root):
         self.root = root
         self.canvas = canvas
         self.text = tkinter.StringVar()
         self.text.set('Draw Line')
         self.label = tkinter.Label(root, textvariable=self.text, fg='red', width=50)
         self.label.pack(side='left')

 root = tkinter.Tk()
 canvas = MyCanvas(root)
 label = MyLabel(root)
 MyButton(root, canvas, label, 0)
 MyButton(root, canvas, label, 1)
 MyButton(root, canvas, label, 2)
 MyButton(root, canvas, label, 3)
 root.mainloop()