mysql -- mysql基于ssl的主从复制

mysql基于ssl的主从复制
由于mysql在复制过程中是明文的，所以就大大降低了安全性，因此需要借助于ssl加密来增加其复制的安全性。

主服务器
node1:172.16.200.1
从服务器
node2:172.16.200.2

在配置ssl前我们先看下一下ssl的状态信息如下图所示

输出DISABLE表示ssl还未开启，只需在/etc/my.cnf文件中加入ssl即可

#vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
ssl
#service mysqld restart //重启使配置文件生效

配置主从服务的ssl功能
node1(master)
1、配置CA服务器（这里在node1上配置）
# vim /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
dir = /etc/pki/CA

# cd /etc/pki/CA/
# mkdir certs newcerts crl
# touch index.txt
# echo 01 > serial

# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 1024)
# openssl req -x509 -new -key private/cakey.pem -out cacert.pem -days 365

2、为主服务器node1准备私钥并颁发证书
创建存放证书的目录
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/ssl
# cd /usr/local/mysql/ssl

创建所需要的证书
# (umask 077;openssl genrsa 1024 > node1.key)
# openssl req -new -key node1.key -out node1.csr
# openssl ca -in node1.csr -out node1.crt -days 365
#cp /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem /usr/local/mysql/ssl
#chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ssl

3、为slave上的mysql准备私钥及申请证书
创建存放证书的目录
# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/ssl
# cd /usr/local/mysql/ssl

创建所需要的证书
# (umask 077;openssl genrsa 1024 > node2.key)
# openssl req -new -key node2.key -out node2.csr
#scp ./node2.csr node1：/root

在node1（主服务器）上为 node2(从服务器)签发证书
#openssl ca -in node2.csr -out node2.crt
#cd /usr/local/mysql/ssl
#scp node2.crt /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem nodes2:/usr/local/mysql/ssl
到此为止证书已经准备完成，请确保node1和node2上有如下文件，并且属主和属组为mysql

在Master即node1上
[root@mynode1 ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql/ssl
total 104
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1103 Aug 9 20:51 cacert.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 3047 Aug 9 20:40 node1.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 639 Aug 9 20:35 node1.csr
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 887 Aug 9 20:34 node1.key

在Slave即node2上
[root@mynode1 ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql/ssl
total 104
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1103 Aug 9 20:51 cacert.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 3047 Aug 9 20:40 node2.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 639 Aug 9 20:35 node2.csr
-rw------- 1 mysql mysql 887 Aug 9 20:34 node2.key

4、修改配置文件
# vim /etc/my.cnf
服务器node1:
[mysqld]
skip-slave-start=1 //设置重启服务不自动开启线程，需要手动开启

ssl //指定ssl,CA信息
ssl-ca=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node1.crt
ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node1.key

log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=mysql-relay //开启中继日志
auto-increment-increment = 2 //每次ID加2
auto-increment-offset = 1 //设置起始自动增长
server-id = 10

服务器node2:
skip-slave-start=1
ssl
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=mysql-relay
server-id = 20

5、重启后生效并查看有关ssl的信信息，在node1上进行操作
# service mysqld restart
mysql> show variables like '%ssl%';

6、在node1上创建具有复制权限的用户并授权给从服务器
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO repluser@'172.16.200.%' IDENTIFIED BY '1234' REQUIRE SSL;
mysql> flush privileges;

7、查看自己的master状态信息并记录
服务器node1
mysql>show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.00005 | 107 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec

8、配置slave,在配置之前需要说明一下，如果已经启动slave,并配置过slave信息的，需要先停止slave并删除配置的slave。
在node2上配置slave：
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST = '172.16.200.1' ,
-> MASTER_USER = 'repluser' ,
-> MASTER_PASSWORD = '1234' ,
-> MASTER_LOG_FILE = 'mysql-bin.00005' ,
-> MASTER_LOG_POS = 107 ,
-> MASTER_SSL = 1 ,
-> MASTER_SSL_CA = '/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem' ,
-> MASTER_SSL_CERT = '/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.crt' ,
-> MASTER_SSL_KEY = '/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.key';

9、配置完成后，启动slave并查看信息如下
mysql>start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.200.1
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_file: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
Relay_Log_file: relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_file: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 608
Relay_Log_Space: 403
Until_condition: None
Until_Log_file:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
Master_SSL_cA_file: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem
Master_SSL_cA_Path:
Master_SSL_cert: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.crt
Master_SSL_cipher:
Master_SSL_Key: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.key
Seconds_Behind_Master: 2132
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1

到此为止基于ssl的mysql主从复制已经配置成功。

10、测试ssl是否生效
在从服务器Slave即node2上：
使用repluser用户登录mysql
#mysql --ssl-ca=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/cacert.pem \
--ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.crt \
--ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/node2.key -urepluser -h172.16.200.1 -p1234
mysql> \s
--------------
mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.77, for redhat-linux-gnu (i386) using readline 5.1

connection id: 3
current database:
current user: repluser@172.16.200.1
SSL: cipher in use is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.5.19-log MySQL community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
connection: 172.16.200.1 via TcP/IP
Server characterset: latin1
Db characterset: latin1
client characterset: latin1
conn. characterset: latin1
TcP port: 3306
Uptime: 8 min 18 sec

Threads: 3 Questions: 20 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 33 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 26 Queries per second avg

输出信息：
SSL: cipher in use is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA

参考文章： http://blog.51cto.com/sxhxt/960352

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分类: 数据库

标签: mysql数据库

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