使用sz/rz基于串口传输文件

关键词：lrzsz、minicom、ZMODEM、MD5sum等。

在环境受限的嵌入式系统上，往往只有串口可以使用。

此时如果需要传输文件，需要借助rz/sz工具，可以使用的传输协议有ZMODEM、YMODEM、XMODEM，一般首选的是ZMODEM。

这里记录minicom下使用rz/sz进行文件传输的操作。

首先说明一下rz和sz的文件传输方向，这些命令都是在调试板上执行的，调试板通过串口和PC相连。

rz表示调试版发起从PC接收文件，sz表示调试版发送向PC传送文件。

1. 使能sz/rz工具

通过buildroot打开Target packages->Networking applications->lrzsz，也即打开了BR2_PACKAGE_LRZSZ。

2. minicom下使用sz/rz工具

2.1 minicom下sz发送文件

首先看一下sz的使用，最简单的就是“sz filename”，传送的文件默认在启动minicom的路径。

如果想指定路径可以通过“sz -f full_path_name”实现，这种方法会在目标板上同样地址保存文件。这样做需要谨慎。

在文件传输结束后，调试版和PC两边通过md5sum验证一下传输数据有效性。

更多使用方法：

sz version 0.12.
Usage: sz [options] file ...
   or: sz [options] -{c|i} COMMAND
Send file(s) with ZMODEM/YMODEM/XMODEM protocol
    (X) = option applies to XMODEM only
    (Y) = option applies to YMODEM only
    (Z) = option applies to ZMODEM only
  -+, --append                append to existing destination file (Z)
  -, --twostop               use  stop bits
  -, --try-4k                go up to 4K blocksize
      --start-4k              start with 4K blocksize (doesn't try 8)
  -, --try-8k                go up to 8K blocksize
      --start-8k              start with 8K blocksize
  -a, --ascii                 ASCII transfer (change CR/LF to LF)
  -b, --binary                binary transfer
  -B, --bufsize N             buffer N bytes (N==auto: buffer whole file)
  -c, --command COMMAND       execute remote command COMMAND (Z)
  -C, --command-tries N       try N times to execute a command (Z)
  -d, --dot-to-slash          change '.' to '/' in pathnames (Y/Z)
      --delay-startup N       sleep N seconds before doing anything
  -e, --escape                escape all control characters (Z)
  -E, --rename                force receiver to rename files it already has
  -f, --full-path             send full pathname (Y/Z)
  -i, --immediate-command CMD send remote CMD, return immediately (Z)
  -h, --help                  print this usage message
  -k, --1k                    send  byte packets (X)
  -L, --packetlen N           limit subpacket length to N bytes (Z)
  -l, --framelen N            limit frame length to N bytes (l>=L) (Z)
  -m, --min-bps N             stop transmission if BPS below N
  -M, --min-bps-time N          for at least N seconds (default: )
  -n, --newer                 send file if source newer (Z)
  -N, --newer-or-longer       send file if source newer or longer (Z)
  -o, ---bit-crc            use  bit CRC instead of  bit CRC (Z)
  -O, --disable-timeouts      disable timeout code, wait forever
  -p, --protect               protect existing destination file (Z)
  -r, --resume                resume interrupted file transfer (Z)
  -R, --restricted            restricted, more secure mode
  -q, --quiet                 quiet (no progress reports)
  -s, --stop-at {HH:MM|+N}    stop transmission at HH:MM or in N seconds
      --tcp                   build a TCP connection to transmit files
      --tcp-server            open socket, wait for connection
  -u, --unlink                unlink file after transmission
  -U, --unrestrict            turn off restricted mode (if allowed to)
  -v, --verbose               be verbose, provide debugging information
  -w, --windowsize N          Window is N bytes (Z)
  -X, --xmodem                use XMODEM protocol
  -y, --overwrite             overwrite existing files
  -Y, --overwrite-or-skip     overwrite existing files, else skip
      --ymodem                use YMODEM protocol
  -Z, --zmodem                use ZMODEM protocol

2.2 minicom下rz接收文件

通过rz接收文件，首先需要输入tz：

然后输入Ctrl+A，紧接着按下Z，在按下S(Send files)。

选择zmodem，进入文件选择界面。

上下键或者PageUp/PageDown移动，空格选择文件。

同样使用md5sum进行验证。

rz version 0.12.
Usage: rz [options] [filename.if.xmodem]
Receive files with ZMODEM/YMODEM/XMODEM protocol
    (X) = option applies to XMODEM only
    (Y) = option applies to YMODEM only
    (Z) = option applies to ZMODEM only
  -+, --append                append to existing files
  -a, --ascii                 ASCII transfer (change CR/LF to LF)
  -b, --binary                binary transfer
  -B, --bufsize N             buffer N bytes (N==auto: buffer whole file)
  -c, --with-crc              Use  bit CRC (X)
  -C, --allow-remote-commands allow execution of remote commands (Z)
  -D, --null                  write all received data to /dev/null
      --delay-startup N       sleep N seconds before doing anything
  -e, --escape                Escape control characters (Z)
  -E, --rename                rename any files already existing
      --errors N              generate CRC error every N bytes (debugging)
  -h, --help                  Help, print this usage message
  -m, --min-bps N             stop transmission if BPS below N
  -M, --min-bps-time N          for at least N seconds (default: )
  -O, --disable-timeouts      disable timeout code, wait forever for data
      --o-sync                open output file(s) in synchronous write mode
  -p, --protect               protect existing files
  -q, --quiet                 quiet, no progress reports
  -r, --resume                try to resume interrupted file transfer (Z)
  -R, --restricted            restricted, more secure mode
  -s, --stop-at {HH:MM|+N}    stop transmission at HH:MM or in N seconds
  -S, --timesync              request remote time (twice: set local time)
      --syslog[=off]          turn syslog on or off, if possible
  -t, --timeout N             set timeout to N tenths of a second
  -u, --keep-uppercase        keep upper case filenames
  -U, --unrestrict            disable restricted mode (if allowed to)
  -v, --verbose               be verbose, provide debugging information
  -w, --windowsize N          Window is N bytes (Z)
  -X  --xmodem                use XMODEM protocol
  -y, --overwrite             Yes, clobber existing file if any
      --ymodem                use YMODEM protocol
  -Z, --zmodem                use ZMODEM protocol