MySQL 二进制文件恢复
先不说话 先来一段代码块
mysql> show variables like 'autocommit';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| autocommit | ON |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> set autocommit=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like 'autocommit';
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| autocommit | OFF |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 120 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) #第二个
mysql> create database luna;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 214 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use luna;
Database changed
mysql> create table t1(id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 311 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> insert into t1 values(1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 311 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.33 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 499 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) #update
mysql> update t1 set id=11 where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 857 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 1051 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) #delete
mysql> delete from t1 where id=2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 1051 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 1239 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) #drop
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 11 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update t1 set id=44 where id=4;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> drop database luna;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 1633 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) #工具查看
mysql> show binlog events in 'mysql-bin.000034'; #在命令行查看 [root@db01-sa mysql]# mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -vvv /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000034 /*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=1*/;
/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;
/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;
DELIMITER /*!*/;
# at 4
#180627 17:49:07 server id 6 end_log_pos 120 CRC32 0x75f5723b Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.6.38-log created 180627 17:49:07 at startup
# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.
ROLLBACK/*!*/;
# at 120
#180627 18:21:12 server id 6 end_log_pos 214 CRC32 0x0a1b14fc Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530094872/*!*/;
SET @@session.pseudo_thread_id=2/*!*/;
SET @@session.foreign_key_checks=1, @@session.sql_auto_is_null=0, @@session.unique_checks=1, @@session.autocommit=1/*!*/;
SET @@session.sql_mode=1075838976/*!*/;
SET @@session.auto_increment_increment=1, @@session.auto_increment_offset=1/*!*/;
/*!\C utf8 *//*!*/;
SET @@session.character_set_client=33,@@session.collation_connection=33,@@session.collation_server=33/*!*/;
SET @@session.lc_time_names=0/*!*/;
SET @@session.collation_database=DEFAULT/*!*/;
create database luna
/*!*/;
# at 214
#180627 18:22:16 server id 6 end_log_pos 311 CRC32 0x9fe876dc Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
use `luna`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1530094936/*!*/;
create table t1(id int)
/*!*/;
# at 311
#180627 18:23:02 server id 6 end_log_pos 383 CRC32 0xa66c8e7d Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530094982/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 383
#180627 18:23:02 server id 6 end_log_pos 428 CRC32 0xf0097518 Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 428
#180627 18:23:02 server id 6 end_log_pos 468 CRC32 0x2b1aa647 Write_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `luna`.`t1`
### SET
### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 468
#180627 18:23:28 server id 6 end_log_pos 499 CRC32 0x62719421 Xid = 37
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 499
#180627 18:25:06 server id 6 end_log_pos 571 CRC32 0x84c9efe6 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095106/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 571
#180627 18:25:06 server id 6 end_log_pos 616 CRC32 0x74d151e2 Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 616
#180627 18:25:06 server id 6 end_log_pos 656 CRC32 0xd10d7120 Write_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `luna`.`t1`
### SET
### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 656
#180627 18:27:16 server id 6 end_log_pos 701 CRC32 0x7895e39d Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 701
#180627 18:27:16 server id 6 end_log_pos 741 CRC32 0x5acc32fe Write_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `luna`.`t1`
### SET
### @1=3 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 741
#180627 18:27:30 server id 6 end_log_pos 786 CRC32 0xb4ed9f5a Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 786
#180627 18:27:30 server id 6 end_log_pos 826 CRC32 0x819e8db3 Write_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### INSERT INTO `luna`.`t1`
### SET
### @1=4 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 826
#180627 18:27:58 server id 6 end_log_pos 857 CRC32 0x452e1f31 Xid = 41
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 857
#180627 18:29:56 server id 6 end_log_pos 929 CRC32 0x5e68dff7 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095396/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 929
#180627 18:29:56 server id 6 end_log_pos 974 CRC32 0xf4e4e2bf Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 974
#180627 18:29:56 server id 6 end_log_pos 1020 CRC32 0x2d809738 Update_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### UPDATE `luna`.`t1`
### WHERE
### @1=1 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
### SET
### @1=11 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 1020
#180627 18:30:25 server id 6 end_log_pos 1051 CRC32 0x08029580 Xid = 52
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1051
#180627 18:31:25 server id 6 end_log_pos 1123 CRC32 0xcf1b6980 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095485/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1123
#180627 18:31:25 server id 6 end_log_pos 1168 CRC32 0x7729069b Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 1168
#180627 18:31:25 server id 6 end_log_pos 1208 CRC32 0x04cb5496 Delete_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### DELETE FROM `luna`.`t1`
### WHERE
### @1=2 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 1208
#180627 18:31:36 server id 6 end_log_pos 1239 CRC32 0x27093f44 Xid = 56
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1239
#180627 18:33:45 server id 6 end_log_pos 1311 CRC32 0x8be80fc2 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095625/*!*/;
BEGIN
/*!*/;
# at 1311
#180627 18:33:45 server id 6 end_log_pos 1356 CRC32 0x77578bf1 Table_map: `luna`.`t1` mapped to number 70
# at 1356
#180627 18:33:45 server id 6 end_log_pos 1402 CRC32 0x9c7bf8df Update_rows: table id 70 flags: STMT_END_F
### UPDATE `luna`.`t1`
### WHERE
### @1=4 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
### SET
### @1=44 /* INT meta=0 nullable=1 is_null=0 */
# at 1402
#180627 18:34:17 server id 6 end_log_pos 1433 CRC32 0x354e0150 Xid = 60
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 1433
#180627 18:34:17 server id 6 end_log_pos 1548 CRC32 0x52b3dc50 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095657/*!*/;
DROP TABLE `t1` /* generated by server */
/*!*/;
# at 1548
#180627 18:34:26 server id 6 end_log_pos 1633 CRC32 0x2e40af97 Query thread_id=2 exec_time=0 error_code=0
SET TIMESTAMP=1530095666/*!*/;
drop database luna
/*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
ROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/; #截取
[root@db01-sa mysql]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=120 --stop-position=857 /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000034 >/tmp/luna2.sql
WARNING: The range of printed events ends with a row event or a table map event that does not have the STMT_END_F flag
set. This might be because the last statement was not fully written to the log, or because you are using a
--stop-position or --stop-datetime that refers to an event in the middle of a statement. The event(s) from
the partial statement have not been written to output. 警告:打印事件的范围以行或表映射事件结束,没有设置了STMT_END_F标志。这可能是因为过去的声明没有完全写入日志,或者因为您使
用的是——停止位置,stop-datetime指一个事件在一份声明中。部分语句中的事件尚未写入输出。 #产生以上报错就是因为截取的时候 一定要注意begin begin是一个语句的开始 一定要从begin之前开始截断
之前的语句mysqlbinlog --start-position=120 --stop-position=974 /data/mysql/mysql-bin.000034 >/tmp/luna.sql 当中的974要改成857 mysql> set sql_log_bin=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> source /tmp/luna.sql;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Charset changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Database changed
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.36 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show database;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'database' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| binlog |
| luna |
| mysql |
| nod01 |
| oldboy |
| performance_schema |
| test |
| world |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use luna
Database changed
mysql>
mysql>
mysql> show table;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '' at line 1
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_luna |
+----------------+
| t1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t1;
+------+
| id |
+------+
| 1 |
| 2 |
| 3 |
| 4 |
+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000034 | 1633 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL binlog的补充
2、Mysqlbinlog解析工具
| 参数 | 描述 |
| -d | 指定库的binlog |
| -r | 相当于重定向到指定文件 |
| --start-position--stop-position | 按照指定位置精确解析binlog日志(精确),如不接--stop-positiion则一直到binlog日志结尾 |
| --start-datetime--stop-datetime | 按照指定时间解析binlog日志(模糊,不准确),如不接--stop-datetime则一直到binlog日志结尾 |
4、MySQL企业binlog模式的选择
- 互联网公司使用MySQL的功能较少(不用存储过程、触发器、函数),选择默认的Statement level
- 用到MySQL的特殊功能(存储过程、触发器、函数)则选择Mixed模式
- 用到MySQL的特殊功能(存储过程、触发器、函数),又希望数据最大化一直则选择Row模式
mysql>show global variables like "binlog%";
+-----------------------------------------+-----------+| Variable_name | Value |+-----------------------------------------+-----------+| binlog_cache_size | 1048576 || binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF || binlog_format | STATEMENT | #系统默认为STATEMENT模式| binlog_stmt_cache_size | 32768 |+-----------------------------------------+-----------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>set global binlog_format='ROW'; #vim my.cnf
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