rviz学习笔记（一）——Markers: Sending Basic Shapes (C++) 发送基础形状

一、创建一个包——进行marker练习

1、创建ROS工作空间和包

mkdir -p ~/catkin_ws/src       #创建工作空间目录

#创建ROS数据包
catkin_create_pkg using_markers roscpp visualization_msgs   

#打开包根目录，进行编译
cd ~/catkin_ws
catkin_make

2、编写cpp文件，向rviz发送数据

vim ~/catkin_ws/src/using_marker/src/using_markers.cpp

　　贴入代码，代码中已经附加相关注释

#include <ros/ros.h>
#include <visualization_msgs/Marker.h>           //可视化

int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
  //初始化ROS，幷且创建一个ROS::Publisher 在话题visualization_marker上面
  ros::init(argc, argv, "basic_shapes");
  ros::NodeHandle n;
  ros::Rate r();
  ros::Publisher marker_pub = n.advertise<visualization_msgs::Marker>("visualization_marker", );

  // Set our initial shape type to be a cube
  // 初始化形状为立方体
  uint32_t shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;

  while (ros::ok())
  {
    //实例化一个Marker
    visualization_msgs::Marker marker;

    // Set the frame ID and timestamp.  See the TF tutorials for information on these.
    // 设置frame ID 和 时间戳
    marker.header.frame_id = "/my_frame";
    marker.header.stamp = ros::Time::now();

    // Set the namespace and id for this marker.  This serves to create a unique ID
    // Any marker sent with the same namespace and id will overwrite the old one
    // 为这个marker设置一个独一无二的ID，一个marker接收到相同ns和id就会用新的信息代替旧的
    marker.ns = "basic_shapes";
    marker.id = ;

    // Set the marker type.  Initially this is CUBE, and cycles between that and SPHERE, ARROW, and CYLINDER
    // 设置marker类型，初始化是立方体。将进行循环
    marker.type = shape;

    // Set the marker action.  Options are ADD, DELETE, and new in ROS Indigo: 3 (DELETEALL)
    marker.action = visualization_msgs::Marker::ADD;

    // Set the pose of the marker.  This is a full 6DOF pose relative to the frame/time specified in the header
    // 设置marker的位置
    marker.pose.position.x = ;
    marker.pose.position.y = ;
    marker.pose.position.z = ;
    marker.pose.orientation.x = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.y = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.z = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.w = 1.0;

    // Set the scale of the marker -- 1x1x1 here means 1m on a side
    // 设置marker的大小
    marker.scale.x = 1.0;
    marker.scale.y = 1.0;
    marker.scale.z = 1.0;

    // Set the color -- be sure to set alpha to something non-zero!
    // 设置marker的颜色
    marker.color.r = 0.0f;
    marker.color.g = 1.0f;
    marker.color.b = 0.0f;
    marker.color.a = 1.0;

    //取消自动删除
    marker.lifetime = ros::Duration();

    // Publish the marker
    // 必须有订阅者才会发布消息
    while (marker_pub.getNumSubscribers() < )
    {
      if (!ros::ok())
      {
        return ;
      }
      ROS_WARN_ONCE("Please create a subscriber to the marker");
      sleep();
    }
    marker_pub.publish(marker);

    // Cycle between different shapes
    // 连续改变形状
    switch (shape)
    {
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::SPHERE;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::SPHERE:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::ARROW;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::ARROW:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CYLINDER;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::CYLINDER:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;
      break;
    }

    r.sleep();
  }
}

　　在CMakeList.txt文件中加入

add_executable(basic_shapes src/basic_shapes.cpp)
target_link_libraries(basic_shapes ${catkin_LIBRARIES})

3、进行rviz设置

（1）打开roscore

（2）运行编写的发布器

rosrun using_marker basic_shapes

（3）重置rviz，运行rviz

rosmake rviz
rosrun rviz rviz

（4）在rviz中进行设置

4、rviz最终效果显示：4个图形进行连续的变换

一、创建一个包——进行marker练习

1、创建ROS工作空间和包

mkdir -p ~/catkin_ws/src       #创建工作空间目录

#创建ROS数据包
catkin_create_pkg using_markers roscpp visualization_msgs   

#打开包根目录，进行编译
cd ~/catkin_ws
catkin_make

2、编写cpp文件，向rviz发送数据

vim ~/catkin_ws/src/using_marker/src/using_markers.cpp

　　贴入代码，代码中已经附加相关注释

#include <ros/ros.h>
#include <visualization_msgs/Marker.h>           //可视化

int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
  //初始化ROS，幷且创建一个ROS::Publisher 在话题visualization_marker上面
  ros::init(argc, argv, "basic_shapes");
  ros::NodeHandle n;
  ros::Rate r(1);
  ros::Publisher marker_pub = n.advertise<visualization_msgs::Marker>("visualization_marker", 1);

  // Set our initial shape type to be a cube
  // 初始化形状为立方体
  uint32_t shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;

  while (ros::ok())
  {
    //实例化一个Marker
    visualization_msgs::Marker marker;

    // Set the frame ID and timestamp.  See the TF tutorials for information on these.
    // 设置frame ID 和 时间戳
    marker.header.frame_id = "/my_frame";
    marker.header.stamp = ros::Time::now();

    // Set the namespace and id for this marker.  This serves to create a unique ID
    // Any marker sent with the same namespace and id will overwrite the old one
    // 为这个marker设置一个独一无二的ID，一个marker接收到相同ns和id就会用新的信息代替旧的
    marker.ns = "basic_shapes";
    marker.id = 0;

    // Set the marker type.  Initially this is CUBE, and cycles between that and SPHERE, ARROW, and CYLINDER
    // 设置marker类型，初始化是立方体。将进行循环
    marker.type = shape;

    // Set the marker action.  Options are ADD, DELETE, and new in ROS Indigo: 3 (DELETEALL)
    marker.action = visualization_msgs::Marker::ADD;

    // Set the pose of the marker.  This is a full 6DOF pose relative to the frame/time specified in the header
    // 设置marker的位置
    marker.pose.position.x = 0;
    marker.pose.position.y = 0;
    marker.pose.position.z = 0;
    marker.pose.orientation.x = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.y = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.z = 0.0;
    marker.pose.orientation.w = 1.0;

    // Set the scale of the marker -- 1x1x1 here means 1m on a side
    // 设置marker的大小
    marker.scale.x = 1.0;
    marker.scale.y = 1.0;
    marker.scale.z = 1.0;

    // Set the color -- be sure to set alpha to something non-zero!
    // 设置marker的颜色
    marker.color.r = 0.0f;
    marker.color.g = 1.0f;
    marker.color.b = 0.0f;
    marker.color.a = 1.0;

    //取消自动删除
    marker.lifetime = ros::Duration();

    // Publish the marker
    // 必须有订阅者才会发布消息
    while (marker_pub.getNumSubscribers() < 1)
    {
      if (!ros::ok())
      {
        return 0;
      }
      ROS_WARN_ONCE("Please create a subscriber to the marker");
      sleep(1);
    }
    marker_pub.publish(marker);

    // Cycle between different shapes
    // 连续改变形状
    switch (shape)
    {
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::SPHERE;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::SPHERE:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::ARROW;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::ARROW:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CYLINDER;
      break;
    case visualization_msgs::Marker::CYLINDER:
      shape = visualization_msgs::Marker::CUBE;
      break;
    }

    r.sleep();
  }
}

　　在CMakeList.txt文件中加入

add_executable(basic_shapes src/basic_shapes.cpp)
target_link_libraries(basic_shapes ${catkin_LIBRARIES})

3、进行rviz设置

（1）打开roscore

（2）运行编写的发布器

rosrun using_marker basic_shapes

（3）重置rviz，运行rviz

rosmake rviz
rosrun rviz rviz

（4）在rviz中进行设置

4、rviz最终效果显示：4个图形进行连续的变换