【SHELL】Linux下安装Oracle Client

一、新建Oracle脚本存储目录并上传文件

[root@A04-Test-172]# mkdir  -p /tmp/instance_oracle                    #新建存储目录

[root@A04-Test-172 install_oracle]# ll
total 4452872
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8752 Apr 26 08:24 client_install.rsp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3880 Apr 26 09:16 install_oracle_2.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 706187979 Apr 25 14:54 linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 803 Apr 25 14:52 repo_1.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 118 Apr 23 13:51 rhel.repo
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3853516800 Apr 25 14:29 rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso
[root@A04-Test-172 install_oracle]#

二、安装脚本说明

执行脚本时需依照脚本后的尾号顺序进行执行！

1. repo_1.sh

说明：该脚本用来挂载ISO镜像，为Oracle安装依赖包做准备！

[root@A04-Test- install_oracle]# more repo_1.sh
#!/bin/bash

#The script is used to replace repo file

#.create mount directory                          #判断/yum目录是否存在，如果不存在，则新建
if [ -d "/yum" ];then
    echo "Warning: The /yum directory is exitst!"
else
    mkdir /yum
fi

#.mount iso                                       #判断/yum目录下是否已挂载文件，如果未挂载，则进行挂载
mountnum=`ls -lrt /yum|wc -l`
if [ $mountnum -gt  ];then
    echo "Warning:The directory is mounted!"
else
    mount -o loop /tmp/install_oracle/rhel-server-6.5-x86_64-dvd.iso  /yum
fi

#.modify repofile                                #判断/etc/yum.repos.d目录下是否有扩展名为.repo的文件，如果有则进行重命名。重命名格式：原名称.当前日期
CurrentDate=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
repofile=`find /etc/yum.repos.d  -name "*.repo"|wc -l`
if [ $repofile ==  ];then
     echo "Warning: The repo file is no exsits! Now starting copy repo file to destination directory!"
else
     for i in `find /etc/yum.repos.d  -name "*.repo"`
     do
        mv $i $i.$CurrentDate
     done
fi
cp /tmp/install_oracle/rhel.repo /etc/yum.repos.d         #复制/tmp/instance_oracle目录下的文件到/etc/yum.repos.d目录
echo "The directory mount over!"

[root@A04-Test- install_oracle]# more rhel.repo
[rhel-source]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Source
baseurl=file:///yum
enabled=
gpgcheck=

2. install_oracle_2.sh

说明：该脚本主要完成Oracle Client的安装工作，主要包括新建oracle用户、新建Oracle安装目录，修改环境变量，安装Oracle Client.

Oracle安装时的一些选项通过文件client_install.rsp来配置，该文件默认在Oracle解压后的response目录下。

[root@A04-Test- install_oracle]# more install_oracle_2.sh
#!/bin/bash

echo "#####################1.add ip and hostname to /etc/hosts###########"
ip=`ifconfig|grep "inet addr"|grep "Bcast"|awk -F: '{print$2 }'|awk '{print$1}'`
hostname1=`hostname`
checkhosts=`cat /etc/hosts|grep $ip|wc -l`
if [ $checkhosts -eq  ];then
   echo "$ip $hostname1">>/etc/hosts
else
   echo "Warning: the hostname added to the /etc/hosts!"
fi

echo "#####################2.create user and  group######################"

group1=`cat /etc/group|grep oinstall|wc -l`
group2=`cat /etc/group|grep dba|wc -l`
user1=`cat /etc/passwd|grep oracle|wc -l`

if [ $group1 -eq  ];then
    /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
else
    echo "Warning:The oinstall group is exists!"
fi

if [ $group2 -eq  ];then
    /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
else
    echo "Warning:The dba  group is exists!"
fi

if [ $user1 -eq  ];then
    /usr/sbin/useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
    echo "a4oracle"|passwd --stdin oracle
else
    echo "Warning:The user oracle  is exists!"
fi

echo "The user and group created finish!"

echo "######################4.create directory##############################"

if [ ! -d "/u01/app/oracle" ];then
   mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
   chmod -R  /u01/app/oracle
else
   echo "Warning: /u01/app/oracle is exists!"
fi

if [ ! -d "/u01/app/oraInventory" ];then
   mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
   chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
else
   echo "Warning: /u01/app/oraInventory is exists!"
fi

cp /etc/skel/.bashrc  /home/oracle
cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout /home/oracle
cp /etc/skel/.bash_profile /home/oracle

echo "The Oracle install directory created finish"

echo "#####################5.add env variable on oracle user###############"

user1=`cat /etc/passwd|grep oracle|wc -l`
if [ $user1 -eq  ];then
su - oracle<<EOF
echo "umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=\\\$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2./client_1
export PATH=\\\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\\\$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile;

source ~/.bash_profile;
EOF

else
   echo "The oracle user is non exists!"
   exit;
fi

echo "######################6.add content in /etc/sysctl.conf###############"
echo "fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max =
kernel.shmall =
kernel.shmmax =
kernel.shmmni =
kernel.sem =
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =
net.core.rmem_default =
net.core.rmem_max =
net.core.wmem_default =
net.core.wmem_max = ">>/etc/sysctl.conf

/sbin/sysctl -p

echo  "The /etc/sysctl.conf modified finish!"

echo  "####################7.install depend on package#######################"
yum -y install libaio.i686 libaio-devel.i686
yum -y install libstdc++.i686  libstdc++-devel.i686 compat-libstdc++-.i686  elfutils-libs.i686 glibc.i686  unixODBC.i686  unixODBC-devel.i686
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libaio libaio-devel libstdc++ libstdc++-devel elfutils-libelf-devel unixODBC unixODBC-devel compat-libstdc++

echo "The oracle depend package installed finish!"

echo  "####################8.install oracle client###########################"
su - oracle<<EOF
mkdir -p /home/oracle/client;
cp       /tmp/install_oracle/linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip  /home/oracle/client;
unzip    /home/oracle/client/linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip;
mv       /home/oracle/client/linux.x64_11gR2_client.zip  /home/oracle;
mv       /home/oracle/client/response/client_install.rsp /home/oracle/client/response/client_install.rsp.bak;
cp       /tmp/install_oracle/client_install.rsp          /home/oracle/client/response;
chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/client;

cd /home/oracle/client;
./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/client/response/client_install.rsp
EOF

echo "#####################9.execute root script#############################"
sleep 180s              #Oracle安装时需要一定时间，在安装完成时，需要执行如下两个脚本，这里给一个休眠时间，避免Oracle未安装完成就执行脚本，也可以手动执行脚本
/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./client_1/root.sh

client_install.rsp内容如下，主要修改标记红色部分，当然也可根据自己实际要求进行配置：

[root@A04-Test- install_oracle]# more client_install.rsp
###############################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation ,. All rights reserved.           ##
##                                                                           ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize                ##
## your installation.                                                        ##
##                                                                           ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment                   ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate                   ##
## values.                                                                   ##
##                                                                           ##
###############################################################################

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_clientinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the hostname of the system as set by the user.
# It can be used to force the installation to use an alternative
# hostname rather than using the first hostname found on the system
# (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames and network interfaces).
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=Oracle_Client          #Oracle主机名，这里可通过hostname查询到
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall               #Oracle安装时所属组
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Inventory location.
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory   #Oracle清单安装目录
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en   : English                  ja   : Japanese
# fr   : French                   ko   : Korean
# ar   : Arabic                   es   : Latin American Spanish
# bn   : Bengali                  lv   : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese     lt   : Lithuanian
# bg   : Bulgarian                ms   : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French          es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca   : Catalan                  no   : Norwegian
# hr   : Croatian                 pl   : Polish
# cs   : Czech                    pt   : Portuguese
# da   : Danish                   ro   : Romanian
# nl   : Dutch                    ru   : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian                 zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain)  sk   : Slovak
# et   : Estonian                 sl   : Slovenian
# fi   : Finnish                  es_ES: Spanish
# de   : German                   sv   : Swedish
# el   : Greek                    th   : Thai
# iw   : Hebrew                   zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu   : Hungarian                tr   : Turkish
# is   : Icelandic                uk   : Ukrainian
# in   : Indonesian               vi   : Vietnamese
# it   : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en                  #默认的语言，这里选择英文
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Complete path of the Oracle Home
#ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2./client_1
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2./client_1
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Complete path of the Oracle Base.
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle            #Oracle安装基目录
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Name       : INSTALL_TYPE
#Datatype   : String
#Description: Installation type of the component.
#
#             The following choices are available. The value should contain
#             only one of these choices.
#             InstantClient : InstantClient
#             Administrator : Administrator
#             Runtime       : Runtime
#             Custom        : Custom
#
#Example    : INSTALL_TYPE = "Administrator"
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.client.installType=Administrator      #oracle安装时使用的用户类型
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Name       : oracle.install.client.customComponents
# Datatype   : StringList
#
# This property is considered only if INSTALL_TYPE is set to "Custom"
#
# Description: List of Client Components you would like to install
#
#   The following choices are available. You may specify any
#   combination of these choices.  The components you choose should
#   be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
#   Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
# oracle.sqlj:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle SQLJ"
# oracle.rdbms.util:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Database Utilities"
# oracle.javavm.client:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Java Client"
# oracle.sqlplus:11.2.0.1. -- "SQL*Plus"
# oracle.dbjava.jdbc:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle JDBC/THIN Interfaces"
# oracle.ldap.client:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Internet Directory Client"
# oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Call Interface (OCI)"
# oracle.precomp:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Programmer"
# oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle XML Development Kit"
# oracle.network.aso:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Advanced Security"
# oracle.assistants.oemlt:11.2.0.1. -- "Enterprise Manager Minimal Integration"
# oracle.oraolap.mgmt:11.2.0.1. -- "OLAP Analytic Workspace Manager and Worksheet"
# oracle.network.client:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Net"
# oracle.network.cman:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Connection Manager"
# oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Net Listener"
# oracle.ordim.client:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Multimedia Client Option"
# oracle.ons:11.2.0.0. -- "Oracle Notification Service"
# oracle.odbc:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle ODBC Driver"
# oracle.has.client:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Clusterware High Availability API"
# oracle.dbdev:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle SQL Developer"
# oracle.rdbms.scheduler:11.2.0.1. -- "Oracle Scheduler Agent"
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.client.customComponents="oracle.sqlj:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.rdbms.util:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.javavm.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.sqlplus:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.db
java.jdbc:11.2.0.1.","oracle.ldap.client:11.2.0.1.","oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.","oracle.precomp:11.2.0.1.","oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.","oracle.network.aso:11.2.0.1."
,"oracle.assistants.oemlt:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.oraolap.mgmt:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.client:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.cman:11.2.0.1.0","oracle.network.listener:11.
2.0.1.0","oracle.ordim.client:11.2.0.1.","oracle.ons:11.2.0.0.","oracle.odbc:11.2.0.1.","oracle.has.client:11.2.0.1.","oracle.dbdev:11.2.0.1.","oracle.rdbms.sched
uler:11.2.0.1."
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#Name       : MTS_PORT
#Datatype   : int
#Description: Port number to be used for by the Oracle MTS Recovery Service to listen
#             for requests. This needs to be entered in case oracle.ntoramts is
#             selected in the list of custom components in custom install
#
#
#Example    : MTS_PORT =
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.client.oramtsPortNumber=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Host name to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent.
# This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the
# list of custom components during custom install
#
# Example    : oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName = acme.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentHostName=

#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Port number to be used for by the Oracle Scheduler Agent.
# This needs to be entered in case oracle.rdbms.scheduler is selected in the
# list of custom components during custom install
#
# Example: oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber =
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.client.schedulerAgentPortNumber=

三、验证是否安装完成

Oracle安装成功后，可以切换至Oracle用户时，使用sqlplus登录数据库，看是否可以登录上。如果可以，说明安装成功。